Abstract: Provided herein are methods and compositions for detecting and characterizing estrogen receptor-negative solid tumor cancers.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a method for preparing a precursor of a single dairy-lactone isomer, methods of preparing a single dairy-lactone isomer, and to the organoleptic uses thereof.

Abstract: Methods and diagnostic compositions for monitoring ER? breast cancer are disclosed. In some aspects, a method for detecting ER? breast cancer in a subject comprises obtaining a subject sample from a subject suffering from breast cancer; determining a level of NOHA in the subject sample; and comparing the level of NOHA obtained from the subject sample to the level of NOHA in a control sample, wherein a lower level of NOHA in the subject sample indicates presence of ER? breast cancer in the subject.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a method for preparing a precursor of a single dairy-lactone isomer, methods of preparing a single dairy-lactone isomer, and to the organoleptic uses thereof.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for the management of animals grazing in a pasture, comprising feeding a marker labelled supplement to grazing animals. Monitoring consumption of said marker labelled supplement by said animals to generate supplement consumption data for said animals. Measuring physical characteristics of said animals to generate physical characteristic data for said animals. Collecting faecal samples from said animals. Analysing said faecal samples, samples of said pasture and said supplement to generate faecal data, pasture data and supplement data and processing Said supplement consumption data, said physical characteristic data and said fecal data, pasture data and supplement data to determine individual animal diet and nutritional information for animal management purposes.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula: wherein R is C1-6 alkyl; C4-6 cycloalkylalkyl; or C3-6 alkenyl; R? is H or C1-6 alkyl; X is H or OH; Y is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl or aroyl; and Z is CH or N; provided that X is H, when Z is CH and R is C4 cycloalkylalkyl or C4 alkenyl; prodrugs thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided. Compounds of the above formula are useful as analgesics for treating pain; as immunomodulators, to modulate the behavioral effects of drugs of abuse and to modulate the development of tolerance and dependence to ? agonists.

Abstract: A method for assessing the tenderness of meat from an animal, comprising the step of testing the animal for the presence or absence of a genetic marker selected from the group consisting of: (1) an allele of the gene encoding calpastatin (CAST) associated with peak-force variation or genetic variation located other than in the CAST gene which shows allelic association with the CAST allele; and (2) an allele of the gene encoding lysyl oxidase (LOX) associated with instron compression of the semitendinosis muscle or genetic variation located other than in the LOX gene which shows allelic association with the LOX allele.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula: wherein R is C1-6 alkyl; C4-6 cycloalkylalkyl; or C3-6 alkenyl; R? is H or C1-6 alkyl; X is H or OH; Y is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl or aroyl; and Z is CH or N; provided that X is H, when Z is CH and R is C4 cycloalkylalkyl or C4 alkenyl; prodrugs thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided. Compounds of the above formula are useful as analgesics for treating pain; as immunomodulators, to modulate the behavioral effects of drugs of abuse and to modulate the development of tolerance and dependence to ? agonists.

Abstract: A method for assessing tick resistance in a bovine animal, comprising the steps of: (1) providing a nucleic acid from the bovine animal; (2) assaying for the occurrence of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) identified in any one of SEQ ID Nos: 1 to 210, wherein the identification of said nucleotide occurrence is associated with increased tick resistance in the animal.

Abstract: A method for assessing the tenderness of meat from an animal, comprising the step of testing the animal for a genetic marker in the calpain3 (CAPN3) gene associated with Warner-Bratzler peak force variation or for a genetic marker located other than in CAPN3 which shows allelic association therewith.

Abstract: Compounds represented by formula (I) wherein R is C1-6cycloalkylalkyl; or C3-6 alkenyl; R? is H or C1-6 alkyl; X is H or OH; Y is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl or aroyl; and Z is CH or N; provided that X is H, when Z is CH and R is C4 cycloalkylalkyl or C4 alkenyl; prodrugs thereof; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are provided. Compounds of the above formula are useful as analgesics for treating pain; as immunomodulators, to modulate the behavioral effects of drugs of abuse and to modulate the development of tolerance and dependence of ? agonists.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vaccine for the prevention of lactic acidosis in a vertebrate, said vaccine comprising at least one isolated microorganism, or fragment or fragments thereof, wherein said microorganism is capable of producing lactic acid within the gut of said vertebrate, and wherein said microorganism is selected from the group consisting of: Clostridium-like species, Prevotella-like species, Bacteroides-like species, Enterococcus-like species, Selenomonas species, non-dextran slime producing Streptococcus species and non-slime producing lactic acid bacterial isolates.

Abstract: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) complex, shipping fever, or pneumomic pasteurellosis, is a multifactorial disease whereby a combination of viral infection, adverse environment and poor immune status may combine to predispose animals to bacterial infections. The exotoxin, or leukotoxin (Lkt), may contribute to pathogenesis by impairing the primary lung defenses and subsequent immune responses or by causing inflammations as a result of leukocyte lysis. The present invention provides a modified microorganism which produces an Lkt toxin, wherein said Lkt toxin is partially or fully inactivated. In a further embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a modified microorganism wherein an Lkt toxin operon including an Lkt structural gene and/or a post transational activator of the organism is partially or fully inactivated. The present applicants have found that a precursor of Lkt toxin has reduced toxic activity.

Abstract: According to the present invention there is provided a method for the treatment or prophylaxis of acidic gut syndrome resulting from the accumulation of acid and production of endotoxin in the gastrointestinal tract of a human or an animal, said accumulation resulting from the fermentation of carbohydrate in the gastrointestinal tract of said human or animal, wherein said method comprises administering to said human or animal an effective amount of an active agent capable of preventing or controlling acid and endotoxin accumulation in the gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract: According to the present invention there is provided a method for the treatment or prophylaxis of acidic gut syndrome resulting from the accumulation of acid and production of endotoxin in the gastrointestinal tract of a human or an animal, said accumulation resulting from the fermentation of carbohydrate in the gastrointestinal tract of said human or animal, wherein said method comprises administering to said human or animal an effective amount of an active agent capable of preventing or controlling acid and endotoxin accumulation in the gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of preventing the over-production of acid in an animal comprising administering to the animal a vaccine including an acid producing microorganism and/or antigenic fragment or fragments thereof effective to prevent the over-production of acid in the animal. The vaccine includes lactic acid producing microorganisms obtainable from the normal gut flora of an animal. In particular the vaccine includes Streptococcus bovis and/or Lactobacillus spp.

Abstract: A fat depth measuring apparatus and method for use in measuring in an animal the depth of a fat layer between hide and muscle. An ultrasonic generator generates ultrasonic pulses and an ultrasonic echo detector generates echo signals indicative of ultrasonic pulses received by the detector after reflection from boundaries or discontinuities within the tissues of the animal. Variable gain amplifier amplifies the echo signals and produces detector signals. Gain control means varies the gain of the amplifier to increase the probability of having exactly two detector signals identifiable as arising from echoes from a hide/fat boundary and a fat/muscle boundary. A fat depth determining means receives the detector signals and if they exceed primary threshold levels identifies the two required detector signals so as to thereby enable determination of the depth of the fat layer. If more than three detector signals have levels exceeding 60% of the threshold level, the depth determination is considered invalid.

Abstract: A method and a device for implementing the method, for geophysical surveying of an area (1) including continuous measurement of the earth's magnetic and electromagnetic field using a detector (6) held at a constant height (E) above the ground surface, in the order of one meter, while traversing in a criss-cross manner over the area (1) at speeds below a maximum speed (S), in the order of 10 km/h, and utilizing measured signal frequencies below a cutoff (F), being approximately the maximum speed (S) divided by twice the detector height (E), to indicate spatial variations in the measured field. Traversal distance can be measured on board the host vehicle and a real time output supplied. Simultaneously, using the same detector (6) and artificially induced magnetic fields generated by an inductive (2b and/or galvanic source (2a)), temporally varying fields having frequencies above the cutoff (F) can be measured and simply filtered out of the detector's (6) output for separate processing and storage.