Abstract: The present invention provides methods for treating a subject afflicted with a protein accumulation disease or TBI, comprising administering to the subject at least one compound that increases the level of active cathepsin B in cells of the subject, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, in an amount that is effective to treat the subject. The present invention also provides compositions for treating a subject afflicted with a protein accumulation disease or TBI.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for treating a subject afflicted with i) Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), ii) early dementia, iii) early ?-synucleinopathy, iv) traumatic brain injury, v) cardiomyopathy, vi) eye disease, or vii) skin damage, comprising administering to the subject at least one compound that increases the level of active cathepsin B in cells of the subject, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or ester thereof, in an amount that is effective to treat the subject. The present invention also provides compositions for treating a subject afflicted with i) Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), ii) early dementia, iii) early ?-synucleinopathy, iv) traumatic brain injury, v) cardiomyopathy, vi) eye disease, or vii) skin damage.