Abstract: The invention provides a chemically defined cell culture media and methods of using the media. The invention also provides an inverse screen to identify small molecules and synergies stimulating proliferation in a chemically defined medium. In this chemical-genetics approach, a compound-protein interaction data-base is used to systematically score genetic targets on a screen-wide scale to extract further information about cell growth. Validated factors were investigated for their ability to maintain cell growth over multiple passages in the chemically defined medium (CDM). Polyamines were identified as important components that enables the CDM to support the long-term maintenance of C1.8 cells and Kc cells (such as Kc167 cells). Our cumulative target scoring approach improves on traditional chemical-genetics methods and is extensible to biological processes in other species.

Abstract: A Boolean gate includes at least one symmetric tunneling field-effect transistor (SymFET) for low-power information processing. SymFETs are ideal for applications that demand low power and have moderate speed requirements, and demonstrate better dynamic energy efficiency than CMOS circuits. Negative differential resistance (NDR) behavior of SymFETs leads to hysteresis in inverters and buffers, and can be used to build simple Schmitt-triggers. Further, pseudo-SymFET loads may be utilized in circuits similar to all-n-type or dynamic logic. For example, latches and flip-flops as well as NAND, NOR, IMPLY, and MAJORITY gates may employ SymFETs. Such SymFET-based devices require fewer transistors than static CMOS-based designs.

Abstract: An apparatus for obtaining suspended particle information includes an optical array to divide light to a first path and a second path, a platform to orient a first and second container with either the first or second path, and a first and second photodetector to receive at least a direct illuminating component of the light of the first and second path after said light penetrates through the first and second container. A detector interface receives transmission signals from the first and second photodetectors of the direct illuminating component of the light after penetrating through the first and second container and a calculation engine computes the particle information based on a ratio of the received transmission signals.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes an apparatus for identifying a polynucleotide capable of binding a target. The apparatus comprises a first, second, and third high voltage power supply; a first, second, and third capillary tube; a first, second, and third buffer reservoir; a fraction collector, and at least one collection vessel.

Abstract: The invention provides a sheath-flow interface for producing electrospray from a capillary. The electrospray generated by the interface can be used as the source of ions for mass spectrometry. Electrokinetic flow in the interface can move a sheath liquid past the end of a capillary so as to mix with an analyte effluent discharged from the capillary. The sheath liquid and analyte mixture can be directed to an electrospray emitter to generate an electrospray.

Abstract: A nitride-based field effect transistor (FET) comprises a compositionally graded and polarization induced doped p-layer underlying at least one gate contact and a compositionally graded and doped n-channel underlying a source contact. The n-channel is converted from the p-layer to the n-channel by ion implantation, a buffer underlies the doped p-layer and the n-channel, and a drain underlies the buffer.

Abstract: A Boolean gate includes at least one symmetric tunneling field-effect transistor (SymFET) for low-power information processing. SymFETs are ideal for applications that demand low power and have moderate speed requirements, and demonstrate better dynamic energy efficiency than CMOS circuits. Negative differential resistance (NDR) behavior of SymFETs leads to hysteresis in inverters and buffers, and can be used to build simple Schmitt-triggers. Further, pseudo-SymFET loads may be utilized in circuits similar to all-n-type or dynamic logic. For example, latches and flip-flops as well as NAND, NOR, IMPLY, and MAJORITY gates may employ SymFETs. Such SymFET-based devices require fewer transistors than static CMOS-based designs.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for assembling semiconducting nanowires, which method can include providing a mixture comprising a dielectric solvent and two or more semiconducting nanowires, wherein the semiconducting nanowires can be the same or different; exposing the mixture to an electrostatic charge under lighting conditions; and allowing macroscopic nanowire alignment to occur, wherein each nanowire is substantially oriented along the direction of the applied electric field.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compositions and methods for the synthesis and use of croconaine compounds. The disclosed compounds are easily prepared from croconic acid. A halothiophene is reacted with an alkanolamine, the resulting aminothiophene is modified by appending a desired functional group to the hydroxyl group, and the modified aminothiophene is reacted with croconic acid to form the final compound. Applications of such croconaine compounds include photothermal imaging, photothermal therapy, light-activated drug release, and tissue welding.

Abstract: An analytical device, in particular, a paper analytical device (PAD), for detection of at least two chemical components indicative of a low quality pharmaceutical product is provided. The analytical device can include a porous, hydrophilic medium, at least two assay regions associated with the porous, hydrophilic medium, at least one assay reagent or precursor thereof in the assay regions, and at least one optically readable information zone.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to the field of lysosomal storage disorders, and, more specifically, to methods of treating lysosomal storage disorders such as Niemann-Pick type C disease, for instance with inhibitors of histone deacetylases, particularly inhibitors of class 1 histone deacetylases. In various embodiments, methods of treating Niemann-Pick type C disease with inhibitors of class 1 histone deacetylases are described.

Abstract: A shelter has a packaged configuration and a deployed configuration. The shelter has four panels, each with four edges and two faces. The first and fourth panels have a rectangular shape, and the second and third panels have a quadrangle shape. The relationship of panel edge lengths and angles of the quadrangle shelter panels create a sturdy enclosure that is easy to erect, manipulate, and reconfigure. Furthermore, the shelter may be erected by rotating the panels into place via pivotal connections between the panels and optionally through the use of a lever arm.

Abstract: Production of pore-free carbon/carbon-silicon carbide composite materials with mechanical properties making them suitable for use in such applications as the production of aircraft landing system brake components including brake discs. The method includes: providing a porous carbon-carbon composite preform; surrounding the porous carbon-carbon composite preform with silicon powder to form an intermediate construct; applying a uniaxial load to the construct; applying direct electrical current to an assembly containing the loaded construct of porous carbon-carbon preform surrounded by silicon powder, thereby melting the silicon powder and infiltrating the pores of the carbon-carbon preform with liquid silicon; and initiating a combustion-type reaction between the silicon and carbon in the preform, thereby forming silicon carbide in the preform.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds, compositions, and methods for the treatment of diseases, disorders, or conditions that are modulated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The disease, disorder, or condition can include, for example, stroke, neurological disorders, or ophthalmological disorders. The treatment can include administering a compound or composition described herein, thereby providing a prodrug compound that metabolizes to an active MMP inhibitor in vivo. The MMP inhibition can be selective inhibition, for example, selective inhibition of MMP-2, MMP-9, and/or MMP-14. Thus, the invention provides non-mutagenic prodrug compounds of the formulas described herein that result in the inhibition of MMPs upon in vivo administration.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to the field of chemistry and biochemistry, and, more specifically, to imidazopyridine compounds, synthesis thereof, and methods of using same. Disclosed herein are various imidazo[1,2-a]pyhdine compounds and methods of using the novel compounds to treat or prevent tuberculosis in a subject or to inhibit fungal growth on plant species. Other embodiments include methods of synthesizing imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compounds, such as the disclosed imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compounds.

Abstract: An artificial tris-catecolate siderophore with a tripodal backbone and its conjugates with ampicillin and amoxicillin were synthesized. Both conjugates exhibited significantly enhanced in vitro antibacterial activities against Gram-negative species compared to the parent drugs, especially against P. aeruginosa. The conjugates appear to be assimilated by an induced bacterial iron transport process as their activities were inversely related to iron concentration. The easily synthesized tris-catecolate siderophores can be used with a variety of drugs as conjugates to target antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

Abstract: Some embodiments of the invention include a robotic patient system including a computer system including a processor and a coupled sensor, and a control system configured to receive control data. The robotic patient system also includes a synthetic patient robot including a feature detector and action selector configured to actuate the robot based at least in part on the control data. Some further embodiments of the invention include a computer-implemented method of providing a robotic synthetic patient by providing a synthetic patient robot, configuring a control system to receive control data, extracting and converting a feature from the control data, and converting to an actuator command to move the robotic patient system. Some embodiments include a robot including a computer system including a processor, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, and a control system configured to be coupled to a source of control data to control the robot substantially autonomously.

Abstract: The invention provides pharmaceutical compositions and method of using the compositions, wherein the compositions comprise liposomes or micelles that contain one or more targeting peptides and/or anticancer drugs. In various embodiments, the components of the liposomes can include a) a phospholipid and optionally a lipid that is not a phospholipid; b) a pegylated lipid; c) a peptide-ethylene glycol (EG)-lipid conjugate wherein the peptide is a targeting ligand, and d) one or more drug-conjugated lipid, encapsulated drugs, or a combination thereof. The peptide-EG-lipid conjugate can be, for example, a compound of Formula (I) or Formula (II). The ethylene glycol (EG) segments of the peptide-EG-lipid conjugate can be, for example, EG6 to about EG36; and the EG segment can be conjugated to one or more lysine moieties.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for the detection of M. tuberculosis proteins in or on exosomes derived from infected individuals. The methods can use a proteomic approach including mass spectroscopy, data mining and multiplex reaction monitoring to quickly examine a large amount of M. tuberculosis proteins to determine the best biomarkers for use in diagnostic tests to identify active TB patients.

Abstract: A new class of antibiotics effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is disclosed. Compounds of this class can impair cell-wall biosynthesis by binding to both the allosteric and the catalytic domains of penicillin-binding protein (PBP) 2a. This class of antibiotics holds promise in reversing obsolescence of staphylococcal PBPs as important targets for antibiotics. Embodiments of the invention thus provide novel antibacterial compounds that target penicillin-binding proteins and/or other important cellular targets. Methods for inhibiting the growth and/or replication of bacteria using the compounds described herein are also provided. Various embodiments exhibit activity against gram positive bacteria, including drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.