Abstract: Substituted nitrobenzothiazinones (BTZs) are potent antituberculosis prodrugs that are reductively activated to produce nitroso moieties that form covalent adducts with a cysteine residue of decaprenylphospholyl-?-D-ribose-2?-oxi-dase (DprE1) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The resulting cell wall synthesis inhibition is lethal to Mtb, leading to consideration of development of BTZs for clinical use. The hydride-induced reduction of the nitroaromatic proceeds by reversible formation of the corresponding Meisenheimer complex. Herein we demonstrate that chemical reduction of BTZ043 with NaBD4 followed by reoxidation incorporates deuterium into the core nitro aromatic warhead. Subsequent reduction of the deuterated species is not affected, but, as expected, reoxidation is slowed by the deuterium isotope effect, thus prolonging the lifetime of the active nitroso oxidation state.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, by a first radio module at a first location, a wireless signal, to obtain a first received RF signal. The wireless signal includes information originating at a remote transmitter and conveyed via a wireless channel. An envelope of the first received RF signal is detected by the first radio module without requiring a local oscillator, to obtain a first baseband signal. The first baseband signal may be filtered and/or amplified, after which it is provided to a processor. The processor also obtains a second digital signal from a second radio module receiving the wireless signal at a second location and determines an estimate of the information originating at the remote transmitter according to the first and second signals. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal having a carrier wave component that operates at a carrier frequency within a millimeter wave spectrum. The RF signal also includes an information component based on a phase shift keying (PSK) modulation of the carrier wave component. A local oscillator (LO) signal is obtained, which includes an LO frequency that approximates the carrier frequency. The received RF signal and the LO signal are combined without using signal multiplication to obtain a first combined output signal. The first combined output signal being detected via a non-linear energy detector to obtain a first detected signal. The first output signal includes information of the information component. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, generating multiple digital reference pulses synchronously to a master oscillator, selectively switching the multiple digital reference pulses, and providing the switched pulses to multiple radio modules operating within a millimeter wave spectrum. For each radio module, counting cycles of an adjustable LO output signal occurring between consecutive pulses of the switched digital reference pulses, determining a difference between the count value and a reference value, and adjusting the adjustable LO according to the difference. A resulting corrected LO signal is synchronized to the master oscillator. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides an alternating current electrospray technology that can generate micron sized droplets in oil at very high throughput for emulsion or digital PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). This technology outperforms the throughput of the current gold standard in droplet generation using flow-focusing technology by at least a factor of 100. The design is simple and can generate a billion to a trillion monodispersed droplets in about one hour. This is much faster than flow-focusing which is limited to a few million droplets per hour. The droplet size and generation rate can also be easily adjusted by changing the voltage of the AC electric field. The range of produced droplet sizes is about 1-100 microns, wherein the droplets are monodispersed in size.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, by a first radio module at a first location, a wireless MIMO signal, to obtain a first received RF signal. The wireless MIMO signal includes information originating at a remote MIMO transmitter and conveyed via a wireless channel. An envelope of the first received RF signal is detected by the first radio module without requiring a local oscillator, to obtain a first baseband signal. The first baseband signal may be filtered and/or amplified, after which it is compared to a reference value to obtain a first digital signal that is provided to a digital processor. The digital processor also obtains a second digital signal from a second radio module receiving the wireless MIMO signal at a second location and determines an estimate of the information originating at the remote MIMO transmitter according to the first and second digital signals. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel class of insecticides for control of disease vector insects, particularly mosquitoes. These insecticides prevent maturation or development of larvae into adult insects using interfering RNA (iRNA). The present invention further includes compositions comprising iRNA and methods of controlling, reducing, or treating an insect infestation with the iRNA or compositions described herein.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving, by a first radio module at a first location, a wireless MIMO signal, to obtain a first received RF signal. The wireless MIMO signal includes information originating at a remote MIMO transmitter and conveyed via a wireless channel. An envelope of the first received RF signal is detected by the first radio module without requiring a local oscillator, to obtain a first baseband signal. The first baseband signal may be filtered and/or amplified, after which it is compared to a reference value to obtain a first digital signal that is provided to a digital processor. The digital processor also obtains a second digital signal from a second radio module receiving the wireless MIMO signal at a second location and determines an estimate of the information originating at the remote MIMO transmitter according to the first and second digital signals. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to use of a triple formulation comprising a histone deacetylase, a cyclodextrin and polyethylene glycol or propylene glycol, and in the treatment and management of chronic pain.

Abstract: A highly permeable sorbent platform based on polysulfone and polystyrene-b-poly(acrylic acid) composite membranes. The membranes possess a fully interconnected network of poly(acrylic acid)-lined pores, which enables the surface chemistry to be tailored through sequential attachment of polyethyleneimine moieties and metal-binding terpyridine ligands. The polyethyleneimine moieties increase the saturation capacity, while the addition of terpyridine enables high-affinity binding to a diversity of transition metal ions. This membrane platform removes such metal contaminants from solution. The metal capture performance of the functionalized membranes persists even in high concentrations of competitive ions. Also, fluorescence quenching of the terpyridine moiety upon metal ion complexation offers an in-situ probe to monitor the extent of sorbent saturation.

Abstract: A film comprising a first plurality of voids is provided, wherein respective ones of the first plurality of voids have a regular n-gon geometry, and the first plurality of voids are arranged on a regular n-gon lattice having a first size. The film may comprise a second plurality of voids arranged on a regular n-gon lattice having a second size different from the first size. An optical element and manufacturing method are also provided.

Abstract: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a public health threat that results in 14,000 annual deaths in the United States. Challenges involve the production of CDI spores that can remain dormant for years and the production of toxins that damage the gut. Current therapies for CDI include vancomycin and metronidazole, but neither inhibits spore or toxin production. Thus, recurrence of infection occurs in 25% of patients and there are no antibiotics that are effective for multiple recurrences. We describe oxadiazoles with activity against C. difficile, including the highly virulent NAP1/027 strain with increased production of toxins A and B, as well as the additional binary toxin. Oxadiazole 2 is poorly absorbed, thus advantageously achieving high concentrations in the gut. The compound targets peptidoglycan synthesis and inhibits vegetative cells, spores, and toxin production.

Abstract: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a public health threat that results in 14,000 annual deaths in the United States. Challenges involve the production of CDI spores that can remain dormant for years and the production of toxins that damage the gut. Current therapies for CDI include vancomycin and metronidazole, but neither inhibits spore or toxin production. Thus, recurrence of infection occurs in 25% of patients and there are no antibiotics that are effective for multiple recurrences. We describe oxadiazoles with activity against C. difficile, including the highly virulent NAP1/027 strain with increased production of toxins A and B, as well as the additional binary toxin. Oxadiazole 2 is poorly absorbed, thus advantageously achieving high concentrations in the gut. The compound targets peptidoglycan synthesis and inhibits vegetative cells, spores, and toxin production.

Abstract: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a public health threat that results in 14,000 annual deaths in the United States. Challenges involve the production of CDI spores that can remain dormant for years and the production of toxins that damage the gut. Current therapies for CDI include vancomycin and metronidazole, but neither inhibits spore or toxin production. Thus, recurrence of infection occurs in 25% of patients and there are no antibiotics that are effective for multiple recurrences. We describe oxadiazoles with activity against C. difficile, including the highly virulent NAP1/027 strain with increased production of toxins A and B, as well as the additional binary toxin. Oxadiazole 2 is poorly absorbed, thus advantageously achieving high concentrations in the gut. The compound targets peptidoglycan synthesis and inhibits vegetative cells, spores, and toxin production.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling molecular translocation in solid-state nanopores by edge field leakage. The system dramatically reduces (by orders of magnitude) and controls the fast electrophoretic velocity of molecules to realize sensitive and selective solid-state nanopore sensors for polynucleotides and sequencing platforms.

Abstract: A particle separation multi-membrane matrix device and method are provided. The particles isolated may comprise nano-scale particles, such extracellular membrane vesicles, having a size of about 50 to about 150 nm. The vesicles are released by many different cell types, and may be efficiently isolated at high yield and purity according to the present methods from various body fluids (e.g., blood, saliva, breast milk, serum, plasma, ascites fluid, etc.). Such isolated exosome preparations may include biomarkers, such as disease biomarkers (diagnostic markers) for various disease (early stage and late stage cancers, neurological disorders (Parkinson disease, Alzheimer disease), diabetes, pancreatic diseases, renal failure, infectious diseases (HIV, tuberculosis, malaria, hepatitis)). The present methods and devices may be used to detect and monitor animals (human, livestock, companion animal) for infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis and other diseases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the general field of treatment of infectious diseases of mammals (humans and animals) caused by bacteria, in particular to the treatment of diseases like tuberculosis (TB), Buruli ulcer and leprosy caused by mycobacteria. The invention aims at the generation of a new series of benzothiazinone compounds having the potential to overcome the above mentioned problems. In a preferred embodiment the invention is concerned with compounds of the general formula (I) wherein R1 represents NO2, R2 represents CF3, at least one of the substituents R3 and R4 is OH, SR14, NHR15, CN, N3, a saturated or unsaturated, optionally halogenated, linear or branched aliphatic radical having 1-4 carbon atoms, linear or branched C1-C4 alkoxy, C1-C4 acyl, and the other of R3 and R4 may in addition be hydrogen, R6 represents a 2-methyl-1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, receiving a radio frequency (RF) signal having a carrier wave component that operates at a carrier frequency within a millimeter wave spectrum. The RF signal also includes an information component based on a phase shift keying (PSK) modulation of the carrier wave component. A local oscillator (LO) signal is obtained, which includes an LO frequency that approximates the carrier frequency. The received RF signal and the LO signal are combined without using signal multiplication to obtain a first combined output signal. The first combined output signal being detected via a non-linear energy detector to obtain a first detected signal. The first output signal includes information of the information component. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of crosslinking a hetero-bifunctional photo crosslinking compound to an immunoglobulin having at least one heterocyclic photo reactive group and at least one non-photo reactive group where the non-photo reactive group is coupled to an effector molecule and the photo reactive group is coupled to the nucleotide binding site of an immunoglobulin. Alternatively, the photo crosslinker contains an orthogonal reactive group such as a thiol, which can be coupled to an effector molecule or functionalized ligand.

Abstract: An electrolyte and a method to electroplate a metal on a substrate using the electrolyte are described. The electrolyte includes an imidazolium compound, a metal salt, and water. The imidazolium compound has formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are each independently selected from an H atom and an organic radical. L? is a compatible anion. The metal salt can include but is not limited to salts of the metals Li, Mg, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Bi, La, Ce, Al, Ag, Au, Ga, V, In, Nb, Mo, and W.