Abstract: The invention provides a method of diagnosing overactive bladder disorder (OAB), the method comprising: measuring the concentrations of one or more of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), acetylcholine (ACh), nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin 5 (IL-5) in a sample obtained from a subject; normalising the concentrations to the concentration of creatinine (Cr) in the sample; range standardising the normalised concentrations and subject's age to the following values: Age to 120 years old; ATP/Cr to 0.000001; ACh/Cr to 0.1; NO to 20000; IL-5/Cr to 100; wherein the likelihood of having OAB (pOAB)=1/1+e?x, where X=one or more of the following: (a) (?2.688±1.050)+5.472±2.098×subject's age+1.356±0.559×Gender (Female=1, Male=0)+(?7.998±40.273)×[IL-5/Cr]; (b) (?2.141±0.966)+4.506±1.902×subject's age+1.034±0.519×Gender (Female=1, Male=0)+(?5294.063±9075.456)×[ACh/Cr]; (c) (?2.825±1.072)+5.964±2.167×subject's age+1.312±0.562×Gender (Female=1, Male=0)+17.790±58.762×[IL-5/Cr]+(?9180.821±12700.057)×[ACh/Cr]; (d) (?2.993±1.197)+5.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions of non-naturally occurring enzymes to enable microbial syringol utilization with GcoAB.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of diagnosing over active bladder disorder (OAB), the method comprising: measuring the concentrations of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), acetylcholine (ACh), nitrite, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and interleukin 5 (IL-5) in a sample obtained from a subject; normalising the concentrations to the concentration of creatinine (Cr) in the sample; range standardising the normalised concentrations and subject's age to the following values: Age to 120 years old; ATP/Cr to 0.000001 mole/mgxdl?1; ACh/Cr to 0.1 mole/mgxdl?1; Nitrite to 200 nM/mgxdl?1; MCP-1/Cr to 100 pgxml?1/mgxdl?1; IL-5/Cr 100 pgxml-mgxdl?1; applying the normalised and range standardised concentrations to the following formula: Logit (p)=?1.738±1.404±4.985±2.914×subject's age+3315.959±5435.254×[ATP]/[Cr]+(?25204.194±20268.337)×[ACh]/[Cr]+26.799±32.967×[nitrite]/[Cr]+6.755±25.132 [MCP-1]/[Cr]+(?61.838±148.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of immobilising at least one RNA molecule onto a surface of a support comprising: i) providing a first support having a surface on which at least one DNA molecule is immobilised, wherein the DNA molecule encodes an RNA molecule and the encoded RNA molecule comprises a binding molecule; ii) providing a second support having a surface on which at least one binding partner for interacting with the binding molecule is immobilised; iii) arranging the first and second supports such that the surfaces displaying the immobilised molecules are in close proximity and substantially face each other, and contacting the DNA molecule immobilised on the surface of the first support with transcription reagents; and iv) carrying out a transcription reaction to generate the encoded RNA molecule, wherein the RNA molecule is directly immobilised onto the surface of the second support via an interaction between the binding molecule of the RNA molecule and the binding partner on the surface of the s

Abstract: A polynucleotide motor is disclosed, comprising an enzyme capable of binding to a duplex nucleic acid sequence, which enzyme is also capable of translocating the nucleic acid sequence without causing cleavage thereof. The motor may be associated with a substance bound to the nucleic acid sequence so that the bound substance, such as magnetic bead, biotin, streptavidin, a scintillant or the like, can itself be translocated, relative to the region of binding of the enzyme, during translocation. The enzyme remains bound to the original recognition site of the nucleic acid sequence. Such a system has applications in screening or testing for a pre-determined biological, chemical or physical activity; for example, in screening for new pharmacologically-effective ligands.

Abstract: An aquatic passive sampling device is disclosed comprising a diffusion-limiting membrane and a receiving phase itself comprising an immobilised solid phase material supported by a solid support. The solid support and membrane features enable the device to be adapted for use forcontinuously monitoring a variety of micropollutants, including polar organic, non-polar organic and inorganic analytes. Furthermore, the analytes may be collected by short column extraction rather than batch extraction.