Abstract: Disclosed herein are systems using acoustic metamaterial surfaces comprising arrangements of unit cells arranged to introduce time delays to an incident acoustic wave. In embodiments the relative positions of two or more acoustic metasurfaces (81, 82) is selected or adjusted to control the acoustic output of the system such that the acoustic output of the system is a non-linear combination of the respective operations performed by the plurality of acoustic metasurfaces (81, 82), the non-linear combination being a convolution of the respective operations performed by the plurality of acoustic metasurfaces that is determined as a function of the relative positioning between the acoustic metasurfaces (81, 82). Also disclosed are applications of such acoustic metasurfaces in noise-reducing structures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for making a Pickering emulsion, the method comprising: exfoliating a non-silicate layered 3D material in a solvent to produce particles of a non-silicate unfunctionalised 2D material; forming a dispersion of the particles of the 2D material in a first liquid phase; adding a second liquid phase; and homogenising the dispersion of the 2D material in the first liquid phase with the second liquid phase to form a Pickering emulsion comprising the first liquid phase, the second liquid phase, and the particles of the 2D material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) and compositions comprising the same. The compounds and compositions may be used treat, prevent or ameliorate diseases treatable by inhibition of the Lemur tyrosine kinase 3 (LMTK3), such as cancer.

Abstract: A device for manipulating an incident acoustic wave to generate an acoustic output is described wherein the device comprises a plurality of unit cells arranged into an array, at least some of said unit cells being configured to introduce time delays to an incident acoustic wave at the respective positions of the unit cells within the array of unit cells, such that said plurality of unit cells define an array of time delays to thereby define a spatial delay distribution for manipulating an incident acoustic wave to generate an acoustic output. The array of time delays may be re-configured to vary the spatial delay distribution of the device in order to generate different acoustic outputs. Also described are methods for designing or configuring such devices.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) activator, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, for use in promoting tissue repair. The HIF activator, or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, is for use with a prototypical tissue-protective cytokine, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof, which is administered exogenously to the body being treated.

Abstract: A nuclear microbattery is disclosed comprising: a radioactive material that emits photons or particles; and at least one diode comprising a semiconductor material arranged to receive and absorb photons or particles and generate electrical charge-carriers in response thereto, wherein said semiconductor material is a crystalline lattice structure comprising Aluminium, Indium and Phosphorus.

Abstract: A photodiode for use in detecting X-rays and/or gamma rays is disclosed. The photodiode comprises InGaP arranged and configured to absorb X-rays and/or gamma-rays incident on the photodiode and generate charge-carriers in response thereto. The detector may be provided in an X-ray or gamma-ray photon counting spectrometer.

Abstract: A device for manipulating an incident acoustic wave to generate an acoustic output is described wherein the device comprises a plurality of unit cells arranged into an array, at least some of said unit cells being configured to introduce time delays to an incident acoustic wave at the respective positions of the unit cells within the array of unit cells, such that said plurality of unit cells define an array of time delays to thereby define a spatial delay distribution for manipulating an incident acoustic wave to generate an acoustic output. The array of time delays may be re-configured to vary the spatial delay distribution of the device in order to generate different acoustic outputs. Also described are methods for designing or configuring such devices.

Abstract: A device (20) for manipulating an incident acoustic wave to generate an acoustic output is described wherein the device comprises a plurality of unit cells arranged into an array, at least some of said unit cells being configured to introduce time delays to an incident acoustic wave at the respective positions of the unit cells within the array of unit cells, such that said plurality of unit cells define an array of time delays to thereby define a spatial delay distribution for manipulating an incident acoustic wave to generate an acoustic output (30). The array of time delays may be re-configured to vary the spatial delay distribution of the device in order to generate different acoustic outputs. Also described are methods for designing or configuring such devices.

Abstract: The invention relates to lubricant analysis, and to apparatus and methods for carrying out real-time in situ lubricant analysis. The invention extends to apparatus and methods which can measure tribological wear in machinery and, in particular, to the in situ measurement of the elemental composition of lubricant and/or debris caught in a filter within a lubricant-wetted machine.

Abstract: The invention provides a target object detection system, comprising a plurality of sensing nodes (10) for positioning at respective detection locations with respect to a detection area (12) that is situated within a field generated by an ambient AC source of excitation. Each sensing node has at least one electric potential sensor (22, 42) designed to detect perturbations in said field caused by a target object (14), said one sensor including an electrode (20, 40) responsive to the AC excitation field for generating detection signals, an amplifier (28) connected to the electrode for receiving and amplifying the detection signals to produce AC measurement signals as output, and at least one feedback circuit (30, 36) from an output of the amplifier to an input thereof for enhancing the input impedance of the amplifier.

Abstract: The invention provides a charged particle sensor (10) for detecting and measuring ionic current generated by charged particles resulting from ionization processes, comprising: a housing (16), a detection electrode (14) enclosed within the housing for collecting the charged particles, and an electrometer (12) having an input connected to the detection electrode for receiving a DC input signal therefrom and an output (18) for supplying a DC measurement signal as output. The housing comprises an electrostatic screen (16) for screening the detection electrode from external electric fields, whereby to reduce the sensitivity of the detection electrode to such fields.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chiral ligands deriving from ?- and ?-amino acids, and from metal complexes formed from the same. The ligands are useful with catalytic gold complexes, particularly Au(I) complexes.

Abstract: An ion trap comprising: a first array of magnetic elements arranged to generate a first magnetic field with a degree of homogeneity; and an array of electrodes arranged to generate an electrostatic field including a turning point in electrical potential at a location where the magnetic field has a substantially maximum degree of homogeneity; wherein the array of electrodes is planar and parallel to the direction of the magnetic field at the location; and wherein a primary first magnetic element is arranged to generate a first component of the first magnetic field and other first magnetic elements are arranged to generate compensating components of the first magnetic field that reduce the gradient, the curvature and higher order derivatives of the first component of the first magnetic field at the location where the first magnetic field has the substantially maximum degree of homogeneity.

Abstract: An electrodynamic sensor comprises a high input impedance electrometer adapted to measure small electrical potentials originating from an object under test and having a pair of input probes, characterized in that at least one of said pair of input probes has no direct electrical contact with said object, wherein the circuit arrangement of said electrometer comprises an electrode (1) connected to an amplifier (9), which includes a combination of ancillary circuits cumulatively to increase the sensitivity of said electrometer to said small electrical potentials while not perturbing the electrical field associated therewith.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sensor system and a corresponding sensing method employing the sensor system. The sensor system comprises a sensor (12) having an input (20) and an output (22), a feedback path (16) from the output to the input, and a filter (14; 92) in the feedback path. The filter comprises a narrow band filter, which is tuned or tunable to a respective one of signals that are wanted signals and signals that represent interference signals. The sensor and the filter are arranged so as to alter the relative amplitudes of the wanted signals and the interference signals in order to increase the relative amplitude of the wanted signals and reduce the relative amplitude of the interference signals.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and apparatus for the detection of charge density distribution at the surface of a material sample. The apparatus comprises an electric potential sensor for measuring surface charge on a material sample, wherein the electrical potential sensor includes a probe for capacitively coupling the electric potential sensor to the surface of the material sample, an amplifier for generating a measurement output, the probe being connected to an input of the amplifier and the measurement output being supplied at an output of the amplifier, and a feedback arrangement driven from the output of the amplifier for enhancing the input impedance of the amplifier.

Abstract: A power supply system comprises an internal combustion engine (20) having a pair of opposed pistons (28, 30) and cylinder (32) within which the pistons move in use, the pistons (28, 30) and cylinder together forming a combustion chamber. The pair of opposed pistons (28, 30) and the cylinder (32) are each arranged to rotate, in use, about a common axis of rotation A with respect to an associated electric generator arrangement (22) so as to generate an electric output. The pair of opposed pistons (28, 30) are also arranged to together form a mass-elastic system that is capable of resonance and further arranged such that combustion in the combustion chamber causes the pistons (28, 30) to oscillate relative to each other about the common rotational axis (A).

Abstract: The present invention relates to chiral ligands deriving from ?- and ?-amino acids, and from metal complexes formed from the same. The ligands are useful with catalytic gold complexes, particularly Au(I) complexes.

Abstract: A power supply system comprises an internal combustion engine (100) and an electric motor-generator arrangement that is coupled to the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine (100) has a piston-cylinder assembly in which the toroidal section-shaped piston (122) and cylinder (120) are each arranged to rotate, in use, about a common axis of rotation B with respect to a stator arrangement (129) of the associated motor-generator arrangement so as to generate an electric output. The piston (122) and cylinder (120) are also arranged to form a mass-elastic system that is capable of resonance and further arranged such that combustion in the combustion chamber (121) formed between the cylinder (120) and piston (122) can cause the piston (122) and cylinder (120) to oscillate relative to each other about their common rotational axis B.