Abstract: Methods and systems for improving burner, particularly ribbon burner performance, involving admixing a portion of the combustion products from the flue gas resulting from the burner to at least one of a primary and a secondary oxidizer supply to the burner. Admixing a portion of a carbon dioxide-containing flue gas combustion product formed upon combustion of a fuel gas by a ribbon burner significantly reduces NOx emissions resulting from operation of the burner.

Abstract: A fryer unit combination includes a frying fluid vat and an associated heat exchange system whereby increased or greater efficiencies and/or heat transfers can be obtained and realized. The heat exchange system includes a first heat exchanger arrangement at least in part disposed within the frying fluid vat and a second heat exchanger arrangement disposed externally to the frying fluid vat. In the first heat exchanger arrangement, a heat exchange tube is in heat flow communication with a combustion chamber wherein an associated gaseous fuel burner is at least in part housed. The second heat exchanger arrangement includes at least a first side heat exchanger disposed externally adjacent the first side of the frying fluid vat. The side heat exchanger(s) may permit intake of an oxygen-containing gas such to preheat the oxygen-containing gas prior to entrance into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A gaseous fuel fired furnace having a vapor condensing flue gas vent conduit, a flue gas flow restrictor disposed in the vapor condensing flue gas vent conduit having a flue gas upstream side and a flue gas downstream side, and a condensate bypass conduit extending around the flue gas flow restrictor having a condensate inlet in fluid communication with the flue gas downstream side of the flue gas flow restrictor and a condensate outlet in fluid communication with the flue gas upstream side of the flue gas flow restrictor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for extending the usage life of cooking oil used in a deep fat fryer in which the desired cooking oil usage life is determined. Upon the occurrence of a triggering event, the level of cooking oil in the vat of the deep fat fryer is varied between an upper first level and a lower second level by extraction of used cooking oil from the vat until the cooking oil level reaches the lower second level and subsequent input of fresh cooking oil until the level of cooking oil, used and fresh, in the vat reaches the upper first level.

Abstract: An infrared heater for heating a cooking vessel, such as a Chinese wok. The heater includes a block of refractory material, which emits infrared radiation upon heating to an elevated temperature, forming an inverted frustum-shaped cavity or opening. A gas-fired burner having a burner head which produces a laterally directed flame upon ignition of a mixture of a fuel gas and a combustion oxidant supplied to the burner is disposed in the cavity or opening. A planar structure suitable for emitting infrared radiation upon heating to an elevated temperature and forming at least one centralized opening covers the upward oriented base end of the inverted frustum-shaped opening. In accordance with one embodiment, the refractory block is disposed within a cylindrical housing which supports the cooking vessel above the centralized opening during the cooking process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for fuel reforming using the exhaust gases from internal combustion engines and high temperature combustion processes in which a fuel for reforming and steam mixture is introduced into a tube bundle having a plurality of heat exchange tubes and heat from the exhaust gases is transferred into the heat exchange tubes, thereby increasing the temperature of the mixture. The heated mixture is reformed by contact with a reforming catalyst external to, but proximate to the exit of, the tube bundle, forming a reformed fuel. To remove substantially all of the heat from the exhaust gases, a plurality of tube bundles and associated reforming catalyst arranged in series are provided.

Abstract: A fuel conversion system having an exhaust gas generator, such as an engine or a furnace, having a heated exhaust gas outlet, a reactor vessel having a heated exhaust gas inlet in fluid communication with the heated exhaust gas outlet, having a cooled exhaust gas outlet, and containing at least one reactor tube having an exhaust gas inlet in fluid communication with the heated exhaust gas outlet, a convertible fuel inlet, and a converted fuel outlet, and a monolithic fuel conversion catalyst structure substantially centered within the at least one reactor tube and shaped to form at least one flow channel between the monolithic fuel conversion catalyst structure and an inside wall of the at least one reactor tube.