Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method, comprising: controlling suction with predetermined force in a known measurement area to a moving cardboard or paper web in a manufacturing process, detecting on-line measurement information on deviation of the moving cardboard or paper web in the manufacturing process caused by the suction with predetermined force in the known measurement area, and determining elastic modulus of the moving cardboard or paper web in the manufacturing process on the basis of the measured deviation.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method, comprising: performing a second web browser accessible by a first web browser in a remote user device, communicating with a first web application in the first web browser of the user device, performing a second web application in the second web browser configured to communicate with an automation service of an automation system and provide a user interface to the automation service, receiving first feature information from the first web application, and providing, on the basis of the received first feature information, second feature information for adapting the user interface to the automation service for the user device.

Abstract: The method in a recovery boiler comprises estimating the first melting temperature T0 of the fly ash depositing on heat transfer surfaces, the estimating being based on potassium (K) content of the fly ash; measuring or estimating the temperature Tss of superheated steam; evaluating a temperature difference TD1 between the first melting temperature T0 and the temperature Tss of the superheated steam, the temperature difference TD1 providing an estimate of the risk of corrosion; and selecting a control action for influencing the temperature difference TD1.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus, a device and a method. The apparatus is configured for providing an address to a device attachable with the apparatus. The apparatus comprises at least one connector capable of receiving the device, an address composer for producing an address signal, and an address line in the connector for providing the address signal to the device, the address signal being indicative of an address to be used by the device when attached with the apparatus. The address composer is configured to generate the address signal as an analogue address signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus, a device and a method. The apparatus is configured for providing an address to a device attachable with the apparatus. The apparatus comprises at least one connector capable of receiving the device, an address composer for producing an address signal, and an address line in the connector for providing the address signal to the device, the address signal being indicative of an address to be used by the device when attached with the apparatus. The address composer is configured to generate the address signal as an analogue address signal.

Abstract: A plurality of real control inputs and real process measurements provided by a real automation system controlling an industrial process are continuously stored continuously storing in a historian database. At the same time, a plurality of forecast control inputs and process measurements provided by a virtual automation system based on a simulation model are continuously stored in a futurian database. Both the past operation of the industrial process up to present time based on data from the historian database and the forecast future operation of the industrial process from the present time onwards based on data from the futurian database are displayed on the operator screen.

Abstract: Detector receives optical radiation transmitted through measured object and is responsive to one or more predetermined optical absorption bands of water and cellulose and two or more separate optical bands related to spectral disturbance caused by coloring substance.