Abstract: A topographical imaging device is placable after a creping process which causes folds to the tissue sheet and the topographical imaging device provides image data having three-dimensional information on the tissue sheet. A data processing device determines, on the basis of a shape of a cross section of at least one fold of creping of the tissue sheet, at least one of the following: thickness of the tissue sheet, softness of the tissue sheet.

Abstract: A topographical imaging device is placable after a creping process which causes folds to the tissue sheet and the topographical imaging device provides image data having three-dimensional information on the tissue sheet. A data processing device determines, on the basis of a shape of a cross section of at least one fold of creping of the tissue sheet, at least one of the following: thickness of the tissue sheet, softness of the tissue sheet.

Abstract: A method of treating lignin-based material is provided, comprising the steps of subjecting lignin separated from lingo-cellulosic raw material to hydrothermal carbonization process at an elevated temperature, where carbonized lignin having increased carbon content is obtained, and stabilizing the obtained carbonized lignin under inert atmosphere at a stabilization temperature higher than the temperature of the hydrothermal carbonization process.

Abstract: Solid fuel in the form of particles is supplied to a pyrolyzer, and pyrolysis conditions are maintained in the pyrolyzer for separating condensable gaseous substances from the fuel. Heat required by the pyrolysis conditions is supplied at least partly with solid fluidized bed material which passes through the pyrolyzer simultaneously as it is fluidized by fluidizing gas in the pyrolyzer. Condensable gaseous substances separated from the fuel are conveyed from the pyrolyzer to a condenser, in which they are separated as so-called pyrolysis oil in liquid form, and solid fluidized bed material taken from the pyrolyzer and containing combustible pyrolysis residue originating from the fuel is circulated through a gasifier, in which product gas, which is burnt in a boiler or a kiln, is formed from the pyrolysis residue.

Abstract: Sensor modules are triggered to start and stop the measurement approximately synchronously by sending a broadcast message. Information on the timeline of local clocks is also collected by local counters, and any relative differences in the local clocks, local sample clocks or local time stamps are rectified afterwards by means of the collected timeline information.

Abstract: The method and apparatus are for obtaining strong white liquor and lime mud with low residual alkali content from causticized liquor. The first filter (FWL) receives causticized liquor from causticizing vessels (CT1-CT2-CT3) and is designed as pressurized two stage disc filter with 2 separate vat parts. In the first vat part non-diluted white liquor is obtained as a filtrate from the causticized liquor. The first lime mud cake accumulated on the filter discs in the first vat part is scraped off and diluted before being fed to the second vat part. In the second vat part weak liquor is obtained as a filtrate from the re-slurried first lime mud cake. The second lime mud cake accumulated on the filter discs in the second vat part is washed before being scraped off and diluted before being fed to subsequent lime mud handling.

Abstract: A nozzle (10) for contact-free treatment of a running web, having a main frame (11) forming an outer part of the nozzle, and two side chambers (14, 15) on each of the longitudinal sides of the nozzle (10). The side chambers having openings (17A, 17B, 16A, 16B) for the air to blow toward a fiber web. A U-shaped air channel (20), through which the air is lead to the side chambers (14, 15), located between the side chambers (14, 15), having at least one opening (19, 18) on each side wall for leading the air into the side chambers (14, 15). A U-shaped inner part (13) which is movable by a mechanism (12) comprising a screw (21) and bushings (22) to at least partially open and close the opening (18, 19).

Abstract: The invention relates to a support plate of a doctor in a fiber web machine. The support plate (10) is designed to be removably fitted to a blade holder (16) and to support a doctor (15) in the blade holder (16). The support plate (10) includes sensor devices (18) for detecting that a drop through has accrued either upstream from the doctor or at the doctor. The invention also relates to a doctor assembly of a fiber web machine and a method in a doctor of a fiber web machine.

Abstract: An apparatus for optically measuring fluidal matter having fluid as medium and particles non-dissolved in the medium wherein the apparatus comprises a measurement chamber, which is configured to contain the fluidal matter, and a nozzle. The nozzle receives flowable matter and emits a jet of the flowable matter towards or fromwards an optical detector which is associated with the measurement chamber and receives optical radiation from the fluidal matter in the measurement chamber.

Abstract: A solution for measuring a suspension which contains wood fibres. The consistency of the suspension is changed in a consistency range. Optical radiation is directed at the suspension and the intensity of optical radiation interacted with the suspension is measured at different consistencies in the consistency range. The maximum intensity of the optical radiation is determined within the consistency range. At least one of the following properties of the suspension are determined based on the determined maximum intensity: kappa number, brightness.

Abstract: In an outlet flow control arrangement (1) arrangeable to control a flow of material through an outlet (2) with a predetermined diameter arranged at an end of a pressurized processing container (3), the outlet flow control arrangement (1) comprises an adaptor unit (4) configured so that a cross-section of a flow into the adaptor unit (4) is reduced as compared to a cross-section of the outlet (2), to enable the adaptor unit (4) to control and center a flow of processed material out of the processing container (3) and through the outlet (2) into a discharge pipe (5).

Abstract: A blade element (1) for a refiner for refining fibrous material comprises a refining surface (3) provided with blade bars (8, 10) and blade grooves (9, 11) there-between. The blade bars (8, 10) have side walls (8?, 8??) facing away from one another. The side walls (8?, 8??) of the at least one blade bar (8) comprise on both of its side walls (8?, 8??) steps (14?, 14??) which extend at least partly in the transversal direction relative to the side walls (8?, 8??) of the blade bar (8) and away from one another.

Abstract: A heat exchanger pipe in a flow duct for gases. The pipe first section has a second section with an inner pipe for transferring heat transfer medium; an outer pipe that radially encloses a part of the inner pipe; and a medium layer between the outer pipe and the part of the inner pipe. The second section of the heat exchanger pipe bends less than 90 degrees. Furthermore, the first section is insulated in its entirety, or non-insulated in the vicinity of other heat recovery surfaces only. In the device the temperature of the heat transfer medium flowing in the inner pipe is at least 500° C., the temperature of the outer surface of the outer pipe is higher than 600° C., or an auxiliary agent is fed to the thermal device.

Abstract: An air nozzle arrangement for a fluidized bed boiler, comprising an air feed pipe and an air nozzle which limit an air feed duct configured to supply air to the furnace of the fluidized bed boiler. The air nozzle arrangement comprises a surface configured to guide coarse material along said surface. At least part of said surface is thermally insulated from the air nozzle and/or the air feed pipe. Furthermore, at least part of said surface is configured to protect at least part of said air nozzle and/or air feed pipe. Thus, the temperature of said surface is configured to be high when the fluidized bed boiler is in operation, whereby the solidification of molten material of the fluidized bed in the air nozzle arrangement is reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a reel-up 3 for receiving and winding into a roll 4 a paper web W that arrives from a drying cylinder 2 in a paper making machine and which drying cylinder 2 is located upstream of the reel-up 3 and which paper web W follows a path of travel from the drying cylinder 2 to the reel-up 3. The reel-up 3 comprises a rotatably mounted reel spool 5 onto which a paper web W can be wound to create a paper roll 4 of increasing diameter and an endless flexible belt 6 mounted for rotation along a predetermined path of travel such that the flexible belt 6 forms a loop. The flexible belt 6 is positioned adjacent to the reel spool 5 to engage the paper web W against the reel spool 5 during winding. The reel-up 3 is arranged to receive the paper web W at the end of a path of travel of the paper web W which ends in a point of contact P with the flexible belt 6 where the paper web W meets the flexible belt 6 such that a wedge-shaped space WS is formed between the flexible belt 6 and the paper web W.

Abstract: The invention is related to improved polysulfide production process wherein a specific second filtration process (Fx) is installed before the polysulfide reactor (Rc). According to the inventive method a cross flow filter (Fx) is used as the second filtration process reaching astonishing low levels of residual solids in the white liquor as well as extended availability of the second filtration process. The subsequent polysulfide reactor, either in form of an electrolytic cell or in form of a bed of active carbon, could then also be operated at increased availability. The invention increases the production volume of polysulfide and the retentate from the cross filtering process may be bled out continuously to a process position ahead of a first filtering or clarification stage, capturing most of the increased content of lime mud particles in the retentate and causing less disturbance of the process with a minimum of tanks and pumps.

Abstract: A center plate for a rotor in a pulp refiner is described in which the center plate is provided with a plurality of first wings for directing pulp flowing onto the center portion of the center plate towards the periphery of the center plate, each of the first wings comprising an arc-shaped protrusion extending between a corresponding first point and a corresponding second point on the surface of the center plate, the first point being displaced from the center portion of the center plate and the second point being disposed further from said center portion of the center plate then the first point, the first wings having an arc shape that yields a larger pulp feeding angle then that of a circular arc intersecting the center portion of the center plate and ending in the same corresponding second point, and the second point of each of the first wings lies on the periphery of the center plate.

Abstract: A sealing blade includes opposite elongated edges (30, 31) and between them a flat (32) and which is adaptable to a blade holder (17) arranged in a coating applicator (25) of a coating device (21) and into contact with a moving surface (11?). The sealing blade has a contact surface (33), which may be arranged against the moving surface and which is 5-15% of the width (W) of the sealing blade (10).

Abstract: A method for optimizing reduction and content of total titratable alkali of green liquor of a recovery boiler. The method comprises producing green liquor in a dissolving tank by conveying smelt and weak white liquor into the dissolving tank and measuring at least the contents of sodium sulphate, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphide, and sodium carbonate of the green liquor. The method comprises controlling at least a process parameter of a recovery boiler to maximize the reduction of the recovery boiler and controlling the flow of the weak white liquor into the dissolving tank to optimize the content of total titratable alkali of the green liquor. In addition, a system for producing green liquor with optimized reduction and content of total titratable alkali. The system comprises a first sensor arrangement, a first and a second regulator, and a processing unit arrangement configured to perform the method.

Abstract: An arrangement and a method in a soda recovery boiler, in a furnace (1) of which recovery boiler there are arranged screen tubes (7) and which recovery boiler comprises a second pass (9) in which is arranged at least one superheater (4?). The second pass (9) is arranged for being cooled with cooling medium coming from the screen tubes (7).