Abstract: A method for determining size information related one or more snapshots related to file systems stored in a storage system, the method may include (a) sampling one or more combinations of points in time and logical spaces, the logical spaces are associated with the one or more file systems to provide sampled combinations of sampled portions of file system entities (FSEs) and sampled points in time; (b) searching for relevant snapshots that are relevant to the sampled combinations to provide relevant snapshots at the sampled points in time; and (c) determining physical sizes of the relevant snapshots at the sampled point in time; wherein a number of samples per sampled FSE is indicative of a size of the sampled FSEs.

Abstract: A method for supporting files names in a storage system, the method may include receiving a first protocol request for creating an object having a requested object name that comprises one or more sets of slashes, wherein the first protocol does not use the one or more sets as hierarchy separators; wherein each set of slashes comprises one or more consecutive slashes; determining a role of each set of the one or more sets in a second protocol that uses slashes as hierarchy separators; and generating a path name for accessing the object, when using either one of the first and second protocols, wherein the generating is based on the requested object name and the role of each set.

Abstract: A method for determining size information related one or more file systems stored in a storage system, the method may include (i) sampling one or more logical spaces that are associated with the one or more file systems to provide sampled file system entities (FSEs); wherein a number of samples per sampled FSE is indicative of a size of the sampled FSEs; and (ii) determining logical sizes and physical sizes of different levels of the one or more file systems based on the sampled file system entities.

Abstract: A method for determining size information related one or more snapshots related to file systems stored in a storage system, the method may include (a) sampling one or more combinations of points in time and logical spaces, the logical spaces are associated with the one or more file systems to provide sampled combinations of sampled portions of file system entities (FSEs) and sampled points in time; (b) searching for relevant snapshots that are relevant to the sampled combinations to provide relevant snapshots at the sampled points in time; and (c) determining physical sizes of the relevant snapshots at the sampled point in time; wherein a number of samples per sampled FSE is indicative of a size of the sampled FSEs

Abstract: A method for responding to a query, the method may include (a) receiving, by a storage system compute element, a query that comprises one or more conditions related to a content of at least one data unit (DU); (b) searching, based on the one or more conditions and on a condition fulfillment information (CFI), for one or more irrelevant groups of DUs to be skipped during the responding to the query; wherein the one or more irrelevant groups of DUs belong to multiple stored groups of DUs that are stored in the storage system; wherein an irrelevant group of DU does not comprise, according to the CFI, any DU that fulfills the one or more conditions; and (c) generating a response to the query based on an outcome of the searching.

Abstract: A method for recovering failed chunks, the method may include (i) obtaining a failure indication about a failure of a first number (X1) of failed chunks; wherein the chunks were stored in a group of disks, the group of disks is configured to store a second number (?) stripes of multiple (N) chunks, wherein each stripe comprises a first plurality (K) of data chunks and a second plurality (R) of parity chunks; wherein R exceeds ( X ? 1 ? ) ; and (ii) performing at least one recovery iteration until fulfilling a stop condition. Each recovery iteration of the at least one recovery iteration may include (a.i) selecting valid chunks to provide selected valid chunks, wherein a number of selected chunks is smaller than a product of a multiplication of R by ?; (a.ii) retrieving valid data chunks that are relevant to the selected valid chunks; and (a.iii) attempting to reconstruct the failed chunks based on the retrieved chunks.

Abstract: A method for hierarchical workload allocation in a storage system, the method may include determining to reallocate a compute workload of a current compute core of the storage system; wherein the current compute core is responsible for executing a workload allocation unit that comprises one or more first type shards; and reallocating the compute workload by (a) maintaining the responsibility of the current compute core for executing the workload allocation unit, and (b) reallocating at least one first type shard of the one or more first type shards to a new workload allocation unit that is allocated to a new compute core of new compute cores.

Abstract: There may be provided a method for managing column extents of a tabular database, the method may include (a) generating a multi-snapshot row score to each row of a group of rows of the tabular database multiple rows; wherein the multi-snapshot score is indicative of fullness of the row in the multiple snapshots; wherein the group of rows comprises column extents associated with column extents metadata; and (b) improving a column extent metadata parameter by reordering the rows of the group of rows according to the multi-snapshot row scores to provide a re-ordered group of rows that comprises re-ordered group extents associated with re-ordered column extents associated with re-ordered column extents metadata.

Abstract: A method for maintaining an availability of a storage system, the method may include obtaining, by a control module of the storage system, problem related information generated by one or more compute nodes of the storage system, the problem related information is indicative of one or more problems associated with an execution of one or more storage operations; determining, by the control module and based on the problem related information, whether to forbid an execution of a storage operation of the one of more storage operations; and updating, by the control module, and based on the determining, a forbidden storage operation data structure that is accessible to the compute nodes of the storage system.

Abstract: A method for responding to a tabular database (TD) query, the method may include (i) receiving the TD query, wherein the TD query comprises one or more numerical conditions; (ii) determining, using gap filters and based on the one or more numeral conditions, a relevancy to the TD query of groups of cells of the TD that are associated with the gap filters; wherein different gap filters are associated with different groups of cells of the TD; wherein each gap filter comprises one or more pairs of minimum-maximum values that are defined based on one or more gaps between sorted values of the group of cells, wherein at least one gap filter of the gap filters is set up based on a storage parameter of the gap filter and a filtering parameter of the gap filter; (iii) skip a scanning of one or more groups of cells of the TD that are irrelevant to the TD query; and (iv) generate a response to the TD query, wherein the generating comprises scanning one or more groups of cells of the TD that are relevant to the TD query.

Abstract: A method for generating a reconstructed version of a filesystem entity, the method may include (i) generating fallback retrieval metadata for a reconstructed version segment, when the reconstructed version segment is (a) associated with a corresponding intermediate version segment, and (b) the corresponding intermediate version segment is preceded by a corresponding most updated segment that does not exceed a fallback version of the filesystem entity; wherein the reconstructed version segment, the corresponding intermediate version segment and the corresponding most updated segment that does not exceed a fallback version have a same address range; (ii) generating a non-existing indicator for the reconstructed version segment, when the reconstructed version segment is (a) associated with the corresponding intermediate version segment, and (b) the corresponding intermediate version segment is not preceded by any corresponding most updated segment that does not exceed the fallback version; and (iii) maintaining

Abstract: A method for selectively untying at least one of compression related links to a stale reference chunk, the method may include determining whether a compression effectiveness condition is fulfilled in relation to a set of referring chunks that are compressed using the stale reference chunk and are linked to the to the stale reference chunk by the compression related links; wherein the compression effectiveness condition is responsive to, at least, a number of the referring chunks of the set; and untying the at least one compression related links to the stale reference chunks when the compression effectiveness condition is not fulfilled.

Abstract: There may be provided a method for managing column extents of a tabular database, the method may include (a) generating a multi-snapshot row score to each row of a group of rows of the tabular database multiple rows; wherein the multi-snapshot score is indicative of fullness of the row in the multiple snapshots; wherein the group of rows comprises column extents associated with column extents metadata; and (b) improving a column extent metadata parameter by reordering the rows of the group of rows according to the multi-snapshot row scores to provide a re-ordered group of rows that comprises re-ordered group extents associated with re-ordered column extents associated with re-ordered column extents metadata.

Abstract: A method for managing a transaction data structure, the method may include (a) receiving, at a first point in time that corresponds to a first value of a clock signal, a request to commit a transaction, and updating a status of the transaction, within the transaction data structure, as being a commit in progress; (b) updating the status of the transaction within the transaction data structure as being committed following (i) a completion of the committing, and (ii) a change of a value of the clock signal from the first value to a second value that differs from the first value; and (c) updating, using a background process, a database segment (DS) version metadata associated with the transaction regarding the completion of the committing. The DS version metadata belongs to a DS version metadata data structure. The DS version metadata data structure and the transaction data structure are selectively accessed during transactions.

Abstract: A method for securing a storage system, the method may include detecting, by cybersecurity engine, a suspected file that is stored in the storage system; autonomously searching for one of more files that fulfill one or more similarity criteria in relation to the suspected file; wherein the one or more similar files are stored in a storage system; finding, by the similarity engine, the one or more similar files using a similarity data structure that associates a group of files stored in the storage system with (a) inter-file similarity scores and (b) block hash values shared between files; and responding to the finding, wherein the responding comprises sending the one of more similar files to the cybersecurity engine.

Abstract: A method for similarity determination of a file sent to a storage system, the method may include receiving the file; calculating block hash values for blocks of the file; searching for one or more similar files that share one or more block hash values with the file; calculating an inter-similarity score between the file and each of the one or more similar files; updating a similarity database with an identifier of the file, the one inter-similarity score of the file; and updating the similarity database with the one or more block hash values, when determining to update the similarity database with the one or more block hash values.

Abstract: A method for power management of a storage system unit, the method may include selecting a power reduction measure out of (a) a shutdown of at least one stateless compute node out of stateless compute nodes of the storage system unit, and (b) an other power reduction measure that does not involve the shutdown of the at least one stateless compute node, while prioritizing the shutdown of the at least one stateless compute node over the other power reduction measure; wherein the storage system unit further comprises storage nodes; wherein states related to communications with client computers (i) are maintained in the storage nodes, and (ii) are not stored on the stateless compute nodes; and applying the power reduction measure based on the selecting.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a storage system, the method may include (a) generating a compute entity (CE) storage metric by each CE of a group of CEs to provide multiple CE storage metrics, wherein the multiple CE metrics are related to a monitoring period; and (b) calculating, during a calculation period, a group metric based on the multiple CE storage metrices; wherein the calculating includes performing multiple calculations iterations, wherein each calculation iteration includes (a) selecting an updating CE that belongs to the group of CEs and was not previously selected during the calculation period, (b) accessing, by the updating CE, a shared data structure that stores the group storage metric, and (c) updating the group storage metric using the CE storage metric of the updating CE.

Abstract: A method for managing tasks in a storage system, the method may include: (a) obtaining, by a scheduler, a shared budget for background storage tasks and foreground storage tasks; (b) obtaining, by the scheduler, a background budget for background storage tasks; wherein the background budget is a fraction of the shared budget; (c) allocating, by the scheduler, resources to pending storage tasks according to the shared budget and the background budget; wherein the allocating comprises (i) allocating the shared budget while prioritizing foreground storage tasks over background storage tasks; and (ii) allocating the background budget to background storage tasks; and (d) participating, by the scheduler, in executing of storage tasks according to the allocation.

Abstract: A method for resource allocation in a storage system, the method may include determining to reduce a load imposed on a compute core of the storage system, wherein the compute core is responsible for executing (a) one or more background task shards, and (b) at least one non-sharded task for responding to an input/output (I/O) request sent to the storage system; and reducing the load imposed on the compute core by reallocating at least one background task shard of the one or more background task shards to another compute core of the storage system.