Abstract: An eye-mountable device includes an enclosure material, a capacitive sensor system, and a controller. The enclosure material has a concave surface and a convex surface. The concave surface is configured to be removeably mounted over a cornea and the convex surface is configured to be compatible with eyelid motion when the concave surface is so mounted. The capacitive sensor system is disposed within the enclosure material. The capacitive sensor system has at least one capacitance value that varies with changes in a gazing direction of the cornea. The controller is disposed within the enclosure material and electrically connected to the capacitive sensor system. The controller is configured to measure the capacitance value of the capacitive sensor system to detect the changes in the gazing direction.

Abstract: A method of capacitive gaze detection for accommodation includes monitoring at least one capacitance value of a capacitive sensor system disposed within a contact lens. The at least one capacitance value varies in response to changes in a gazing direction of a cornea upon which the contact lens is removeably mounted. The changes in the gazing direction of the cornea are detected in real-time based upon changes in the at least one capacitance value. An accommodation actuator disposed within the contact lens is manipulated to automatically change an optical power of the contact lens in response to detecting changes in the gazing direction.

Abstract: A nanosensor-containing polymer composition for the monitoring of physiological parameters and a method for making the composition are disclosed. The composition includes a nanosensor disposed in a crosslinked, hydrophilic polymer for transdermal application into an intradermal environment. The method involves forming a mixture including nanosensors and a crosslinked polymer precursor, and subjecting the mixture to conditions suitable for crosslinking the polymer precursor to provide a nanosensor-containing crosslinked polymer.

Abstract: An imaging agent for detecting analytes in an environment includes functionalized nanodiamonds and functionalized magnetic particles that can selectively interact with an analyte. Each functionalized nanodiamond contains at least one color center configured emit light in response to illumination. At least one property of the light emitted by the color centers is related to the proximity of the functionalized magnetic particles to the color centers. This property can be detected to determine that the functionalized nanodiamonds are proximate to the functionalized magnetic particles, to determine that the functionalized nanodiamonds and the functionalized magnetic particles are interacting with the analyte, or other applications. Devices and methods for detecting properties of the analyte by interacting with the functionalized nanodiamonds and functionalized magnetic particles are also provided.

Abstract: A smart surgical glove is provided that includes sensors configured to detect one or more properties of a target tissue and indicators configured to indicate the detected one or more properties of the target tissue. In some embodiments, the indicators are configured to provide a sensation to a wearer of the smart surgical glove that is related to the detected one or more properties of the target tissue. In some embodiments, the indicators are configured to transmit a signal to another device, for example, a head-mounted display worn by the wearer of the smart surgical glove. In some embodiments, the smart surgical glove is configure to illuminate a fluorescent imaging agent in the target tissue and to detect one or more properties of the target tissue related to the presence of the imaging agent. Additionally included are methods of using such smart surgical gloves.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to systems and/or methods for subtracting in the current domain an output current primary signal from a primary sensor from an output current reference signal from a reference sensor to produce a frequency output signal indicative of the difference between the output current primary signal and the output current reference signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and apparatuses for providing a visible feedback based on an alignment or a link quality between an external reader and a tag. The external reader transmits power to the tag with a radio frequency electromagnetic signal. The tag may rectify the radio frequency electromagnetic signal and create a rectified voltage. This rectified voltage may be used to power various components of the tag. Once it receives power from the reader, the tag may communicate information back to the external reader. The information communicated back to the reader is communicated by modulating an antenna impedance of the tag. By modulating the impedance, the tag will backscatter radiation transmitted by the reader. The reader is able to create a visual output based on determining the alignment or link quality from the reader to the tag based on the backscatter radiation it receives from the tag.

Abstract: An imaging system includes a light source configured to illuminate a target and a camera configured to image light responsively emitted from the target and reflected from a spatial light modulator (SLM). The imaging system is configured to generate high-resolution, hyperspectral images of the target. The SLM includes a refractive layer that is chromatically dispersive and that has a refractive index that is controllable. The refractive index of the refractive layer can be controlled to vary according to a gradient such that light reflected from the SLM is chromatically dispersed and spectrographic information about the target can be captured using the camera. Such a system could be operated confocally, e.g., by incorporating a micromirror device configured to control a spatial pattern of illumination of the target and to modulate the transmission of light from the target to the camera via the SLM according to a corresponding spatial pattern.

Abstract: A body-mountable device equipped with a light sensor is disclosed. The light sensor includes a photodiode that operates in either a photoconductive mode or a photovoltaic mode depending on whether the photodiode is reverse biased. A group of switches are arranged to selectively couple the photodiode to first and second voltage sources to configure the photodiode to operate in either mode. A controller selects a mode of operation of the photodiode and controls the switches to cause the photodiode to respond to incident light while operating in the selected mode. The controller then obtains a measurement from the photodiode indicative of the intensity of light received during an exposure interval. The light sensor can thus include a single photodiode and yet be used to alternately obtain measurements based on the photoconductive response of the photodiode or based on the photovoltaic response of the photodiode.

Abstract: Body-mountable devices and methods for embedding a structure in a body-mountable device are described. A body-mountable device includes a transparent polymer and a structure embedded in the transparent polymer. The transparent polymer defines a posterior side and an anterior side of the body-mountable device. The structure has an outer diameter and an inner diameter and includes a sensor configured to detect an analyte and an antenna. The antenna includes a plurality of conductive loops spaced apart from each other between the outer diameter and the inner diameter.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods employing contact lenses having electrochemical sensors that have adjustable analyte-sensing sensitivity are provided. In some aspects, level of the analyte or biological substance is detected and a number of sub-electrodes of the sensor are turned on or off based on the level of the analyte or biological substance. The sensitivity of the sensor is adjusted based on the number of sub-electrodes that are turned on or off. In some aspects, the current level from the sensor is employed in determining the number of sub-electrodes to turn on or off. In one aspect, a contact lens includes: a substrate; a power component; a circuit and an adjustment circuit. The circuit can include a potentiostat; and a sensor electrically coupled to the potentiostat, and configured to sense a level of an analyte. The sensitivity of the sensor can be adjustable by the adjustment circuit.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods employing contact lenses having one or more sensor that sense an analyte in tear fluid and one or more recesses that collect the tear fluid. In some aspects, a contact lens includes a substrate that forms at least part of a body of the contact lens and a recess formed within the substrate configured to collect tear fluid when the contact lens is worn. The contact lens further includes at least one sensor disposed within the substrate configured to sense presence of an analyte in the collected tear fluid.

Abstract: A method may involve forming a cross-linked polymer plug over a sensor located on a structure, such that the sensor is covered by the cross-linked polymer plug. The sensor is configured to detect an analyte. The method may involve forming a first polymer layer, which defines a posterior side of an eye-mountable device. Further, the method may involve positioning the structure on the first polymer layer. Still further, the method may involve forming a second polymer layer over the first polymer layer and the structure to provide a partially-fabricated device. The second polymer layer defines an anterior side of the eye-mountable device. The method may also involve soaking the partially-fabricated device in a fluid, such that the cross-linked polymer plug swells out of the partially-fabricated device to leave a channel in the second polymer layer, wherein the sensor is configured to receive the analyte via the channel.

Abstract: Wearable devices are described herein including a housing and a mount configured to mount the housing to an external surface of a wearer. The wearable devices further include first and second electrical contacts protruding from the housing and configured such that the electrical contacts can be used to measure a Galvanic skin resistance of skin proximate to the electrical contacts when the wearable device is mounted to the external surface of the wearer. The wearable devices are powered by rechargeable batteries disposed within the wearable devices. The electrical contacts are additionally configured to connect the wearable device to an external charger or other power source such that a recharger disposed within the wearable device can recharge the rechargeable battery using power from the external charger or other power source.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods facilitating contact lenses that detect fatigue or emotional state of a wearer of the contact lenses are provided. In some aspects, a contact lens includes: a substrate; one or more sensors disposed on or within the substrate, wherein the one or more sensors senses fatigue and/or an emotional state of a wearer of the contact lens; and an antenna disposed on or within the substrate, that communicates information sensed by the one or more sensors. In various aspects, systems can include the contact lens, a reader that can process the information sensed and an alarm generation component that can generate an alarm based on the determined fatigue and/or emotional state of the wearer of the contact lens.

Abstract: Example eye-mountable devices and methods for fabricating eye-mountable devices are described. A method may include applying a first amount of polymerizable material to a ring-shaped structure, where the ring-shaped structure comprises at least one sensor configured to detect an analyte. The method also may include positioning the ring-shaped structure with the first amount of polymerizable material applied thereto in a mold, where the mold is configured to form an eye-mountable device. Further, the method may include applying pressure on the ring-shaped structure in the mold while curing the first amount of polymerizable material. Still further, the method may include adding a second amount of polymerizable material to the mold with the ring-shaped structure therein, and curing the second amount of polymerizable material to form an over-molded polymer layer such that the ring-shaped structure is at least partially enclosed in the eye-mountable device.

Abstract: An eye-mountable device for measuring an intraocular pressure is provided. The device may include a transparent polymeric material having a concave surface configured to be removably mounted over a corneal surface of an eye, an antenna, an expandable member, a sensor and control electronics at least partially embedded in the transparent polymeric material. The expandable device is configured to expand and apply a force to the corneal surface and the sensor is configured to detect a resistance to deformation of the cornea in response to the applied force. The resistance to deformation of the cornea in response to the force applied by the expandable member is indicative of the intraocular pressure of the eye.

Abstract: A method may involve: forming a sacrificial layer on a working substrate; forming a first bio-compatible layer on the sacrificial layer such that the first bio-compatible layer adheres to the sacrificial layer; forming a conductive pattern on the first bio-compatible layer; mounting an electronic component to the conductive pattern; forming a second bio-compatible layer over the first bio-compatible layer, the electronic component, and the conductive pattern; and removing the sacrificial layer to release the bio-compatible device from the working substrate. The first bio-compatible layer defines a first side of a bio-compatible device. The second bio-compatible layer defines a second side of the bio-compatible device.