Abstract: A grantor issues a trustable electronic document for the benefit of a requester. The requestor may be able to get the benefits specified by the electronic document through access controls located at the service or information origin. A request digitally signed by a requestor is received. The digitally signed request contains the electronic document digitally signed by the grantor. The electronic document also contains a grantor certified reference, a requester certified reference, and access control rules for the requester. The request is validated using the requestor certified reference and the access control rules for the requestor.