Abstract: A process for preparing a composition from graphite material by contacting the graphite material with a main solvent comprising at least 10% by weight, with respect to a total weight of the main solvent, of a vinyl aromatic monomer alone or in a mixture up to 50% by weight with additional copolymerizable monomers, thereby forming a starting composition; subjecting to an ultrasound treatment with a frequency spectrum ranging between 18 kHz and 1000 kHz, at a pressure equal to or higher than 2 bar absolute and in a container or sonication chamber wherein no separated phase of fluid at the gaseous phase contacts said composition; and polymerizing at least 1% of the vinyl aromatic monomer present in the main solvent, wherein the composition is at least partially polymerized and contains graphene and graphene nanoplatelets durably dispersed in the solvent, and the composition is without any evident formations of deposits or separated phases for at least 30 days.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition containing graphene and graphene nanoplatelets durably dispersed in a solvent. Said composition is characterized in that it contains at least 1% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the solvent, of a vinyl aromatic polymer and comprises a mass concentration of graphene and graphene nanoplatelets (GRS) ranging from 0.001% to 10% by weight with respect to the total weight of the solvent. The vinyl aromatic polymer present in the composition is obtained by partial or total polymerization of the relative vinyl aromatic monomer alone or mixed with up to 50% by weight of further copolymerizable monomers. The composition must satisfy the condition that the sum of the possible content of non-reacted monomers and the content of vinyl aromatic polymer formed is equal to at least 10% by weight with respect to the total weight of the solvent.

Abstract: An oxo-nitrogenated iron complex having general formula (I) or (II) wherein: R1 and R2 identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; or are selected from linear or branched, optionally halogenated C1-C20, preferably C1-C15, alkyl groups, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups; R3, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; or are selected from linear or branched, optionally halogenated C1-C20, preferably C1-C15, alkyl groups, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups; X1 and X2, identical or different, represent a halogen atom such as, for example, chlorine, bromine, iodine; or are selected from linear or branched C1-C20, preferably C1-C15, alkyl groups, —OCOR4 groups or —OR4 groups wherein R4 is selected from linear or branched C1-C20, preferably C1-C15, alkyl groups.

Abstract: A process for producing a diene, preferably a conjugated diene, more preferably 1,3-butadiene, includes the steps of dehydrating at least one alkenol in the presence of at least one catalytic material having at least one acid catalyst based on silica (SiO2) and alumina (Al2O3), preferably a silica-alumina (SiO2—Al2O3), the catalyst having an alumina content (Al2O3) lower than or equal to 12% by weight, preferably between 0.1% by weight and 10% by weight, with respect to the catalyst total weight. The alumina content is referred to the catalyst total weight without binder, and a pore modal diameter between 9 nm and 170 nm, preferably between 10 nm and 150 nm, still more preferably between 12 nm and 120 nm. Preferably, the alkenol is obtainable directly from biosynthetic processes, or catalytic dehydration processes of at least one diol, preferably a butanediol, more preferably 1,3-butanediol, still more preferably bio-1,3-butanediol, deriving from biosynthetic processes.

Abstract: A process for treating mixtures containing polyalkylaromatic hydrocarbons, intended for transalkylation processes, includes a mild reduction with hydrogen in the presence of a suitable hydrogenation catalyst. The process also relates to a transalkylation process of polyalkylaromatic hydrocarbons having the treatment.

Abstract: The invention relates to an integrated process for alcohol production from lignocellulosic material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a fermentation product from lignocellulosic material, comprising the following steps: a) optionally, pretreatment of the lignocellulosic material, b) optionally, washing of the optionally pretreated lignocellulosic material, c) enzymatic hydrolysis of the optionally washed and/or optionally pretreated lignocellulosic material using an enzyme composition comprising at least two cellulases and whereby the enzyme composition at least comprises LPMO, and optionally purifying the hydrolysed lignocellulosic material, d) fermentation of the hydrolysed lignocellulosic material to produce a fermentation product, and e) optionally, recovery of a fermentation product, wherein the amounts of formed hydrolysed oxidation products at the end of the enzymatic hydrolysis by the oxidation by LPMO of the lignocellulosic material containing cellulose and/or cello-oligosaccharides is kept between 3 to 80 g/kg glucan present in the lignocellulosic material by adding a s

Abstract: Process for the preparation of polyisoprene with a mainly alternating cis-1,4-alt-3,4 structure comprising polymerizing isoprene in the presence of a catalytic system comprising: (a) at least one pyridyl iron complex having general formula (I): wherein: R1 is selected from linear or branched C1-C20, preferably C1-C15, alkyl groups, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups; R2 is selected from linear or branched C1-C10, preferably C1-C3, alkyl groups; X, mutually identical or different, represent a halogen atom such as, for example, chlorine, bromine, iodine; or they are selected from linear or branched C1-C20, preferably C1-C15, alkyl groups, —OCOR3 groups or —OR3 groups wherein R3 is selected from linear or branched C1-C20, preferably C1-C15, alkyl groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a polymerization process for the synthesis of vinyl aromatic polymers, in which the sequence of monomers in the chain and the linear, branched soluble, or crosslinked insoluble structure, with reactive or different polarity functions, are controlled. Said process comprises the step of polymerizing vinyl aromatic monomers by means of an Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) reaction with an Activator ReGenerated by Electron Transfer (ARGET), the reaction being carried out at a temperature comprised between 25° C. and 110° C. in an inert gas atmosphere in the presence of a complex catalyst containing a cupric halide and a multidentate amine ligand, feeding to the reaction an organic initiator having two geminal halogens, an alkali metal (bi)carbonate, a solvent pair of an aliphatic alcohol and an acetic ester of the same aliphatic alcohol and possibly ascorbic acid, provided that no initiator is used with three or more active halogens, or polyvinyl monomers or inimers.

Abstract: Butadiene-isoprene diblock copolymer formed by a block of crystalline polybutadiene (hard block) and by a block of amorphous polyisoprene (soft block). Said butadiene-isoprene diblock copolymer can be advantageously used both in the footwear industry (for example, in the production of shoe soles), and in the production of tires for motor vehicles and/or trucks.

Abstract: Oxo-nitrogenated iron complex having general formula (I): in which: R1 and R2, identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; or they are selected from linear or branched, optionally halogenated C1-C20, preferably C1-C15, alkyl groups, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups; R3 represents a hydrogen atom, or it is selected from linear or branched, optionally halogenated C1-C20, preferably C1-C15 alkyl groups, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups; X, identical or different, represent a halogen atom such as, for example, chlorine, bromine, iodine, preferably chlorine; or they are selected from. linear or branched C1-C20, preferably C1-C15, alkyl groups, —OCOR4 groups or —OR4 groups in which R4 is selected from linear or branched C1-C20, preferably C1-C15, alkyl groups; n is 2 or 3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a diene, preferably a conjugated diene, more preferably 1,3-butadiene, comprising the dehydration of at least one alkenol having a number of carbon atoms greater than or equal to 4, in the presence of a catalytic material comprising at least one crystalline metalosilicate in acid form, preferably a macroporous zeolite, more preferably a zeolite with a FAU, BEA or MTW structure. Preferably, said alkenol having a number of carbon atoms greater than or equal to 4 may be obbtained directly through biosynthetic processes, or through catalytic dehydration processes of at least one diol. When said alkenol is a butenol, said diol is preferably a butanediol, more preferably 1,3-butanediol, even more preferably bio-1,3-butanediol, i.e. 1,3-butanediol deriving from biosynthetic processes.

Abstract: A process for production of sugars from biomass derived from guayule plants includes placing a certain amount of the biomass in contact with a certain amount of water and with at least one organic acid. The sugars thus obtained may advantageously be used as sources of carbon in fermentation processes for the production of alcohols, lipids, diols, or in chemical synthesis processes for the production of other intermediates or chemicals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of olefinic compounds that can be used for the production of detergents, additives, lubricants and/or plastic materials, or components which can be used in the field of oil explorations and productions, and a hydrocarbon fuel or a fraction thereof, which comprises subjecting a mixture of glycerides having at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, to metathesis reaction and, after separating the olefinic mixture obtained, effecting a hydrodeoxygenation and subsequently hydroisomerization process, so as to obtain the hydrocarbon fuel or a fraction thereof.

Abstract: There is a procedure for polymerisation in solution for the production of polymers. The procedure has the following steps: (A) continuously feeding one or more monomers, one or more solvents in a quantity comprised between 70% and 90% by weight with respect to the reagent mixture, and a catalytic system, to a first stirred reaction volume, wherein a single mixing cell is formed, in which the polymerisation begins, until a conversion is attained that varies from 20% to 70% with respect to the final conversion achieved and (B) proceeding the polymerisation in at least one second stirred reaction volume connected in series to the first reaction volume, in which two or more mixing cells are formed, at the outlet of which the final conversion of the monomer is attained. In the first reaction volume, the average residence time of the reagent mixture varies within an interval ranging from 10% to 25% with respect to the average residence time of the entire reaction volume.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an expandable polymeric composition comprising: a) a polymeric matrix containing vinyl aromatic polymers and/or copolymers; b) from 0.1% to 20% by weight, calculated on the polymeric matrix (a), of an athermanous agent; c) from 0.01% to 10% by weight, calculated on the polymeric matrix (a), of at least one non-polymeric brominated flame retardant additive; d) from 0.01% to 10% by weight, calculated on the polymeric matrix (a), of at least one brominated polymer containing at least 50% bromine; e) from 0.01% to 5% by weight, calculated on the polymeric matrix (a), of a synergistic flame retardant additive; f) from 1% by weight to 10% by weight of at least one blowing agent.

Abstract: It is disclosed a combustible article of manufacture comprising a treated lignin composition and a combustible support, wherein the treated lignin composition is attached to at least a portion of an external surface of the combustible support with a force greater than the force of gravity relative to the treated lignin composition. The treated lignin composition comprises solid lignin and has a moisture content in the range of 35% to 80% percent by weight. The combustible support is preferably a hardwood chip, but it may be also softwood chips, coal, coke, and shredded tires. It is also disclosed a fuel composition comprising a plurality of the combustible article.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a variant of oleaginous yeast of the species Trichosporon oleaginosus characterized by mutations affecting cell wall synthesis that change the morphology thereof with respect to the wild-type strain of the same species. In particular, thanks to said mutations, cell aggregates are formed which, with respect to the wild-type strain of the same species, lower the viscosity of the culture broth, are more easily separable therefrom and thus make their recovery easier. Said variant of oleaginous yeast of the species Trichosporon oleaginosus is also characterized by yields of oleaginous cellular biomass and intracellular accumulation of lipids that are similar or even higher than those of the wild-type strain. Further, the present invention relates to a process for the production of lipids through said variant of oleaginous yeast of the species Trichosporon oleaginosus.

Abstract: Bis-imine titanium complex having general formula (I): wherein: R1 and R2, mutually identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; or are selected from linear or branched, optionally halogenated, C1-C20 alkyl groups, preferably C1-C15, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups; R3 and R4, mutually identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom; or are selected from linear or branched, optionally halogenated, C1-C20 alkyl groups, preferably C1-C15, optionally substituted cycloalkyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups; X1, X2, X3 and X4, mutually identical or different, represent a halogen atom such as chlorine, bromine, iodine; or are selected from linear or branched C1-C20 alkyl groups, preferably C1-C15, —OCOR5 groups or —OR5 groups wherein R5 is selected from linear or branched C1-C20 alkyl groups, preferably C1-C15; or represent an acetylacetonate group (acac); provided that when R1 and R2 represent a methyl group and X1, X2, X3 and X4 represent a chlorine atom, R3 and R4 are different from 2,

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing olefins from alcohols by means of catalytic dehydration. More in particular, the present invention relates to a process for producing at least one olefin by dehydrating at least one alcohol having a number of carbon atoms comprised between 2 and 6, preferably comprised between 2 and 4, more preferably at least one alcohol having a number of carbon atoms of 3, even more preferably 2-propanol, in the presence of a catalytic material comprising at least one large pore zeolite in acid form, or predominantly acid form, preferably selected from the group consisting of zeolites having BEA structure, MTW structure and mixtures thereof, and preferably at least one inorganic binder, more preferably alumina. Preferably, the olefin has the same number of carbon atoms as the starting alcohol. Furthermore, preferably the olefin does not contain conjugated double bonds and more preferably the olefin is a mono-olefin.