Abstract: A method, apparatus and article of manufacture for tires in order to salvage used tire casings of tires and recap them with a better mechanical and chemical bond involving the use of hot water to accelerate the cure rate and uncured tire compound placed on the tire casing subjected subsequently to heat and pressure.

Abstract: A refractory composition for use in contact with molten aluminum alloys containing a refractory aggregate, a binder and an additive for imparting aluminum resistance to the refractory composition, the additive comprising synthetic calcium fluoride containing aluminum borate aggregate consisting essentially of 10 to 50% by weight boron oxide, 10-50% by weight of aluminum oxide, and 25-75% by weight calcium flouride. The synthetic aggregate may be prepared by blending boric acid, aluminum oxide, and fluorspor and firing the resultant blend at a temperature above 800.degree. C. to form a synthetic aluminum borate having calcium fluoride contained in its insoluble structure.