Abstract: A video encoding device (e.g., a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU)) may transmit an encoded frame with a frame sequence number using a transmission protocol. The video encoding device, an application on the video encoding device, and/or a protocol layer on the encoding device may detect a packet loss by receiving an error notification. The packet loss may be detected at the MAC layer. The packet loss may be signaled using spoofed packets, such as a spoofed NAM packet, a spoofed XR packet, or a spoofed ACK packet. A lost packet may be retransmitted at the MAC layer (e.g., by the encoding device or another device on the wireless path). Packet loss detection may be performed in uplink operations and/or downlink operations, and/or may be performed in video gaining applications via the cloud. The video encoding device may generate and send a second encoded frame based on the error notification.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed relating to intra prediction of a video signal based on mode-dependent subsampling. A block of coefficients associated with a first sub block of a video block, one or more blocks of coefficients associated with one or more remaining sub blocks of the video block, and an indication of a prediction mode for the video block may be received. One or more interpolating techniques, a predicted first sub block, and the predicted sub blocks of the one or more remaining sub blocks may be determined. A reconstructed first sub block and one or more reconstructed remaining sub blocks may be generated. A reconstructed video block may be formed based on the prediction mode, the reconstructed first sub block, and the one or more reconstructed remaining sub blocks.

Abstract: Processing a 360-degree video content for video coding may include receiving the video content in a first geometry. The video content may include unaligned chroma and luma components associated with a first chroma sampling scheme. The unaligned chroma and luma components may be aligned to a sampling grid associated with a second chroma sampling scheme that has aligned chroma and luma components. A geometric conversion to the video content may be performed. The video content, that may comprise the aligned chroma and luma components, in the first geometry may be converted to a second geometry. The first geometry may be a stitched geometry, and the second geometry may be a coding geometry. The converted video content in the second geometry may include the chroma and luma components aligned to the sampling grid associated with the second chroma sampling scheme.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for a 360-degree video streaming. A video streaming device may receive a 360-degree video stream from a network node. The video streaming device may determine a viewport associated with the video streaming device and/or the 360-degree video stream. The video streaming device may determine (e.g., based on the viewport) to request in advance a first segment and a second segment of the 360-degree video stream. The video streaming device may determine a relative priority order for the first segment and the second segment. The video streaming device may generate an anticipated requests message. The anticipated requests message may indicate the determined relative priority order, for example, by listing the first segment and the second segment in decreasing relative priority based on the determined relative priority order. The video streaming device may send the anticipated requests message to the network node.

Abstract: Method, apparatus and systems are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method of decoding includes obtaining a sub-block based motion prediction signal for a current block of the video; obtaining one or more spatial gradients of the sub-block based motion prediction signal or one or more motion vector difference values; obtaining a refinement signal for the current block based on the one or more obtained spatial gradients or the one or more obtained motion vector difference values; obtaining a refined motion prediction signal for the current block based on the sub-block based motion prediction signal and the refinement signal; and decoding the current block based on the refined motion prediction signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods for streaming content are disclosed. A Media Presentation Description (MPD) may be associated with streaming content, for example, in Dynamic Adaptive Streaming Over HTTP (DASH). An MPD array comprise an element, e.g., a header element or URL, query element, which provides a name value functionality. An element may allow a request that results in insertion of custom headers. Requests may be used for retrieval of a subsegment, segment, or MPD, re-referencing of remote elements, or triggered by an event. The event may be embedded either in an MPD or in segments.

Abstract: A secondary content such as an advertisement may be inserted based on users’ interests in 360 degree video streaming. Users may have different interests and may watch different areas within a 360 degree video. The information about area(s) of 360 degree scenes that users watch the most may be used to select an ad(s) relevant to their interests. One or more secondary content viewports may be defined within a 360 degree video frame. Secondary content viewport parameter(s) may be tracked. For example, statistics of the user’s head orientation for some time leading to the presentation of the ad(s) may be collected. Secondary content may be determined based on the tracked secondary content viewport parameter(s).

Abstract: A system, method, and/or instrumentality may be provided for coding a 360-degree video. A picture of the 360-degree video may be received. The picture may include one or more faces associated with one or more projection formats. A first projection format indication may be received that indicates a first projection format may be associated with a first face. A second projection format indication may be received that indicates a second projection format may be associated with a second face. Based on the first projection format, a first transform function associated with the first face may be determined. Based on the second projection format, a second transform function associated with the second face may be determined. At least one decoding process may be performed on the first face using the first transform function and/or at least one decoding process may be performed on the second face using the second transform function.

Abstract: A video coding device may be configured to perform directional Bi-directional optical flow (BDOF) refinement on a coding unit (CU). The device may determine the direction in which to perform directional BDOF refinement. The device may calculate the vertical direction gradient difference and the horizontal direction gradient difference for the CU. The vertical direction gradient difference may indicate the difference between the vertical gradients for a first reference picture and the vertical gradients for a second reference picture. The horizontal direction gradient difference may indicate the difference between the horizontal gradients for the first reference picture and the horizontal gradients for the second reference picture. The video coding device may determine the direction in which to perform directional BDOF refinement based on the vertical direction gradient difference and the horizontal direction gradient difference.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for performing horizontal geometry padding on a current sample based on receiving a wraparound enabled indication that indicates whether a horizontal wraparound motion compensation is enabled. If the horizontal wraparound motion compensation is enabled based on the wraparound enabled indication, a video coding device may determine a reference sample wraparound offset of a current sample in a picture. The reference sample wraparound offset may indicate a face width of the picture. The video coding device may determine a reference sample location for the current sample based on the reference sample wraparound offset, a picture width of the picture, and a current sample location. The video coding device may predict the current sample based on the reference sample location in a horizontal direction. Repetitive padding or clipping may be used in the vertical direction.

Abstract: A client device adaptively streams a 360-degree video. A first segment is displayed based on a first viewing direction at a first time, where the first viewing direction is associated with a first viewport. The client requests a first base buffer segment based on the first viewport. The first base buffer segment has a presentation time after the first segment. At a second time, the viewing direction changes to a second viewing direction associated with a second viewport. The client requests, prior to the presentation time, a first viewport buffer segment based on the second viewport, with the same presentation time. The client device displays a second segment at the presentation time, wherein the second segment is either the first viewport buffer segment or the first base buffer segment. The client provides reports on viewport switching latency and on the most-requested segments.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities may be provided for determining whether to bypass bi-directional optical flow (BDOF) if BDOF is used in combination with bi-prediction with coding unit (CU) weights (e.g., generalized bi-prediction (GBi)). A coding system may combine coding modes, coding techniques, and/or coding tools. The coding system may include a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). For example, the coding system may combine BDOF and bi-prediction with CU weights (BCW). BDOF may include refining a motion vector associated with a current CU based at least in part on gradients associated with a location in the current CU. The coding system may determine that BDOF is enabled, and/or that bi-prediction with CU weights is enabled for the current CU. The coding system’s determination that bi-prediction with CU weights is enabled and/or that BDOF is enabled may be based on one or more indications.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities for sub-block motion derivation and motion vector refinement for merge mode may be disclosed herein. Video data may be coded (e.g., encoded and/or decoded). A collocated picture for a current slice of the video data may be identified. The current slice may include one or more coding units (CUs). One or more neighboring CUs may be identified for a current CU. A neighboring CU (e.g., each neighboring CU) may correspond to a reference picture. A (e.g., one) neighboring CU may be selected to be a candidate neighboring CU based on the reference pictures and the collocated picture. A motion vector (MV) (e.g., collocated MV) may be identified from the collocated picture based on an MV (e.g., a reference MV) of the candidate neighboring CU. The current CU may be coded (e.g., encoded and/or decoded) using the collocated MV.

Abstract: Systems, methods and instrumentalities are disclosed for adaptively selecting an adaptive loop filter (ALF) procedure for a frame based on which temporal layer the frame is in. ALF procedures may vary in computational complexity. One or more frames including the current frame may be in a temporal layer of a coding scheme. The decoder may determine the current frame's temporal layer level within the coding scheme. The decoder may select an ALF procedure based on the current frame's temporal layer level. If the current frame's temporal layer level is higher within the coding scheme than some other temporal layer levels, an ALF procedure that is less computationally complex may be selected for the current frame. Then the decoder may perform the selected ALF procedure on the current frame.

Abstract: Bi-directional optical flow (BDOF) may be bypassed, for a current coding block, based on whether symmetric motion vector difference (SMVD) is used in motion vector coding for the current coding block. A coding device (e.g., an encoder or a decoder) may determine whether to bypass BDOF for the current coding block based at least in part on an SMVD indication for the current coding block. The coding device may obtain the SMVD indication that indicates whether SMVD is used in motion vector coding for the current coding block. If SMVD indication indicates that SMVD is used in the motion vector coding for the current coding block, the coding device may bypass BDOF for the current coding block. The coding device may reconstruct the current coding block without performing BDOF if it determines to bypass BDOF for the current coding block.

Abstract: Sketch copy mode may be used to code blocks comprising irregular lines, syntax redundancy may be removed from blocks with special characteristics, and/or run value coding may be simplified. The parsing dependencies in palette coding design may be removed. For example, the context modeling dependency of the syntax element palette_transpose_flag be removed, for example, by simplifying the corresponding context model. The context modeling of the syntax element palette mode may be removed, for example, by using run-length coding without using context. The syntax parsing dependencies and/or the syntax signaling dependencies that are related with escape color signaling may be removed. A palette table generation process may handle input screen content video with high bit depths, for example, at the encoder side.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems, architectures and interfaces for encoding and/or decoding point cloud bitstreams including coded point cloud sequences are provided. Included among such methods, apparatuses, systems, architectures, and interfaces is an apparatus that may include a processor and memory. A method may include any of: mapping components of the point cloud bitstream into tracks; generating information identifying any of geometry streams or texture streams according to the mapping of the components; generating information associated with layers corresponding to respective geometry component streams; and generating information indicating operation points associated with the point cloud bitstream.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are provided to implement video coding system (VCS). The VCS may be configured to receive a video signal, which may include one or more layers (e.g., a base layer (BL) and/or one or more enhancement layers (ELs)). The VCS may be configured to process a BL picture into an inter-layer reference (ILR) picture, e.g., using picture level inter-layer prediction process. The VCS may be configured to select one or both of the processed ILR picture or an enhancement layer (EL) reference picture. The selected reference picture(s) may comprise one of the EL reference picture, or the ILR picture. The VCS may be configured to predict a current EL picture using one or more of the selected ILR picture or the EL reference picture. The VCS may be configured to store the processed ILR picture in an EL decoded picture buffer (DPB).

Abstract: Overlapped block motion compensation (OBMC) may be performed for a current video block based on motion information associated with the current video block and motion information associated with one or more neighboring blocks of the current video block. Under certain conditions, some or all of these neighboring blocks may be omitted from the OBMC operation of the current block. For instance, a neighboring block may be skipped during the OBMC operation if the current video block and the neighboring block are both uni-directionally or bi-directionally predicted, if the motion vectors associated with the current block and the neighboring block refer to a same reference picture, and if a sum of absolute differences between those motion vectors is smaller than a threshold value. Further, OBMC may be conducted in conjunction with regular motion compensation and may use simplified filters than traditionally allowed.

Abstract: Systems and methods for streaming content are disclosed. A Media Presentation Description (MPD) may be associated with streaming content, for example, in Dynamic Adaptive Streaming Over HTTP (DASH). An MPD may comprise an element, e.g., a header element or URL query element, which provides a name/Value functionality. An element may allow a request that results in insertion of custom headers. Requests may be used for retrieval of a subsegment, segment, or MPD, re-referencing of remote elements, or triggered by an event. The event may be embedded either in an MPD or in segments.