Abstract: A method of reverse stratification of solid particulate material, in which heavy particles move upwards and lighter particles move downwards. The material intended for stratification is supplied as a water-solids mixture moving at the bottom of a vessel. The material is submitted to vibration so that the quantity of material intended for stratification with respect to the quantity of water is in the ratio of 1:0.2 to 1:0.5 by weight.

Abstract: Extraction apparatus wherein solid and liquid phases are subjected to vibro-acoustical action in order to intensify the extraction process. The apparatus includes an enclosure forming a working perforated vessel, spring means mounting such vessel for vibratory movement, a vibrator mounted on the vessel to vibrate it, two laterally displaced feeding openings for receiving, respectively, solid particulate material and liquid, two spaced discharge outlets on the cell for discharging, respectively, solid material and liquid.

Abstract: The processing speed and efficiency of separation of a first phase of a colloidal suspension by an electrophoretic technique is described. The medium to be concentrated is introduced into a funnel on the top of an enclosure whose bottom wall carries a first, vertically extending electrode, the solution flowing generally downwardly from the funnel along guide paths that are separately defined between the opposed walls of the first electrode and the peripheries of a pair of rotationally mounted drum electrodes situated on opposite sides of the first electrode. The first electrode is vibrated during the downward flow of the fluid while an electric field is applied across the separate guide paths, thereby efficiently separating the first phase of the solution. The remaining product adheres to the periphery of each of the rotating second and third electrodes, such product being removed therefrom by baffle plates supported in the tank and coupled to suitable discharge chutes.

Abstract: Material treating apparatus including one or more pneumo-hydraulic vibrators. The apparatus includes a container with cells separated by at least one valve lying on a supporting frame, the valve having a movable valve element which is urged toward its valve-closed position by the hydrostatic pressure and optionally also by springs. On one side of the valve there is an air cell connected with a source of air under pressure, and on the other side of the valve there is a second cell containing a liquid or a liquid suspension of material to be treated. When the air cell is subjected to air under pressure, the movable valve element vibrates and generates intensive vibro-pulsation turbulent streams in the liquid material in the second cell.

Abstract: Material treating apparatus including one or more pneumohydraulic vibrators. The apparatus includes a container with cells separated by at least one valve lying on a supporting frame, the valve having a movable valve element which is urged toward its valve-closed position by springs. On one side of the valve there is an air cell connected with a source of air under pressure, and on the other side of the valve there is a second cell containing a liquid or a liquid suspension of material to be treated. When the air cell is subjected to air under pressure the movable valve element vibrates and generates intensive vibro-pulsation turbulent streams in the liquid material in the second cell.

Abstract: Material treating apparatus including one or more pneumohydraulic vibrators. The apparatus includes a container with cells separated by at least one valve lying on a supporting frame, the valve having a movable valve element which is urged toward its valve-closed position by springs. On one side of the valve there is an air cell connected with a source of air under pressure, and on the other side of the valve there is a second cell containing a liquid or a liquid suspension of material to be treated. When the air cell is subjected to air under pressure the movable valve element vibrates and generates intensive vibro-pulsation turbulent streams in the liquid material in the second cell.

Abstract: Extraction apparatus wherein solid and liquid phases are subjected to vibro-acoustical action in order to intensify the extraction process. The apparatus includes an enclosure forming a working cell, spring means mounting such cell for vibratory movement, a vibrator mounted on the cell to vibrate, two laterally displaced feeding openings at the top of the cell for receiving, respectively, solid particulate material and liquid, two laterally spaced discharge outlets on the cell for discharging, respectively, solid material and liquid, and a screen mounted inside the cellacross the liquid discharge opening.

Abstract: Method of and apparatus for emulsification of oils assuring obtaining the desired dispersion and stability of emulsions.Vibration action is applied to cells containing water and oils so as to subject the cell and their contents to energy impulses varying in accordance with sine curves, thereby dispersing oil into fine drops which are evenly distributed throughout the system. The apparatus includes a plurality of serially mounted emulsion cells forming a unitary closure, the closure being mounted on a fixed support through springs. A vibration device is mounted upon the enclosure so as to vibrate it as described. Between the successive cells in the enclosure there are disposed grids or sieves, and vibration actuated valves having valve elements which function somewhat in the manner of diaphragm pumps.

Abstract: Flocculated slime to be cleaned is introduced into the top of a vertically disposed, conical precipitator having at its bottom a discharge orifice. The introduced slime flows downwardly through an apertured plate mounted substantially horizontally in the precipitator. The plate is mechanically vibrated at a frequency in the range 20-100 Hz and an amplitude in the range 0.5-1.5 mm as the slime flows therethrough to liberate impurities mechanically trapped in the slime.