Abstract: An improved coating comprising a coating on a substrate is described. The coating comprises a crosslinked polymeric material derived from an alkine-bridged bis-(aminosilane) or comprising a mixture of the alkine-bridged bis-(amino-silane) and an epoxysilane. The alkine bridged bis-(aminosilane) may have the general formula: wherein R1, R2, and R3 are independently selected from alkyl groups of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or phenyl groups, R4 is selected from hydrogen, phenyl groups, and alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4. The alkine bridged bis-(aminosilane) is itself a novel compound. A novel coating composition comprises a coating composition comprising a solution comprising and epoxysilane and an alkine-bridged bis-(amino-silane), especially where the alkine-bridged bis-(amino-silane) has the general formula: wherein R1, R2, and R3 are independently selected from aliphatic groups or aromatic groups which complete a silane, and m is 1, 2, 3 or 4.

Abstract: Multifocal ophthalmic lenses may be manufactured by either injection molding and casting methodologies. The use of two opposed tools (mold faces) with relatively centered faces, but with significantly differing diameters can be used to provide multifocal ophthalmic lenses. The process is surprisingly capable of providing multifocal lenses with good control of the thickness of the lenses, with relatively thin center thicknesses (e.g., less than 4.7 mm, or less than 3.5 mm) and relatively thin edge thicknesses (e.g., 0.5 to 2.5 or to 2.0 mm). The tool faces (the molds for the front and rear surfaces) may be readily replaced within the mold to enable manufacture of a wide range of lens prescriptions with minimum down time.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the lamination of two lens blanks to form an ophthalmic lens comprise: a) providing a first ophthalmic lens blanks having two major surfaces thereon; b) applying a hardenable liquid adhesive to less than an entire one of said at least two major surfaces of said first ophthalmic lens blank; c) placing a second ophthalmic lens blank into contact with the hardenable liquid adhesive, forming an association of two lens blanks with the hardenable liquid adhesive between the two lens blanks; d) rotating said association of two lens blanks to assist in spreading the hardenable liquid adhesive; and e) after at least some of said hardenable liquid adhesive has spread, hardening said hardenable liquid adhesive to laminate the two lens blanks into a laminated ophthalmic lens. This method provides a relatively automated process and apparatus for performing that automated process for the lamination of ophthalmic lenses.

Abstract: A naphthopyran compound represented by the formula: wherein R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, and R11 are each selected from the group consisting essentially of hydrogen, a first stable organic radical, a heterocyclic group, halogen, a first nitrogen-substituted group, and a first nitrogen-substituted ring compound; A and B are each selected from the group consisting essentially of hydrogen, substituted phenyl, and substituted naphthyl, provided that at least one of A or B is substituted phenyl or substituted naphthyl; and any substituent of any substituted phenyl or substituted naphthyl at A or B is selected from the group consisting essentially of hydrogen, a second stable organic radical, a heterocyclic group, halogen, a second nitrogen-substituted group, and a second nitrogen-substituted ring compound, provided that at least one substituent of any substituted phenyl or substituted naphthyl at either A or B is phenyl, naphthyl, or furyl.

Abstract: A method of making an optical element that includes a thermoplastic power portion, the method including laminating a first thermoplastic sheet to one side of a functional film, laminating a second thermoplastic sheet to a second side of the functional film, and affixing either the first thermoplastic sheet or the second thermoplastic sheet to the power portion, with the other of the first or second thermoplastic sheets being open to atmosphere.

Abstract: A polymeric front optical element blank is provided which may be laminated to a rear optical element blank. The polymeric front blank comprises an optical element having an exterior convex surface and an interior concave surface, with an edge between the exterior convex surface and the interior concave surface. The optical is provided with at least two projections which extend away from and higher than the edge on a side of the optical element having the concave surface. These projections assist in aligning an back optical element during lamination so that the two lenses will not move out of optical registry during lamination, especially where centrifugal forces are used to spread an adhesive between the front and rear lenses. It is preferred that there are at least three projections extending away from and higher than the edge on a side of the optical element having the concave surface.

Abstract: A method of making an optical element that includes a thermoplastic power portion, the method including laminating a first thermoplastic sheet to one side of a functional film, laminating a second thermoplastic sheet to a second side of the functional film, and affixing either the first thermoplastic sheet or the second thermoplastic sheet to the power portion, with the other of the first or second thermoplastic sheets being open to atmosphere.

Abstract: A polymeric front optical element blank is provided which may be laminated to a rear optical element blank. The polymeric front blank comprises an optical element having an exterior convex surface and an interior concave surface, with an edge between the exterior convex surface and the interior concave surface. The optical is provided with at least two projections which extend away from and higher than the edge on a side of the optical element having the concave surface. These projections assist in aligning an back optical element during lamination so that the two lenses will not move out of optical registry during lamination, especially where centrifugal forces are used to spread an adhesive between the front and rear lenses. It is preferred that there are at least three projections extending away from and higher than the edge on a side of the optical element having the concave surface.

Abstract: A photochromic article that includes a host material and a photochromic amount of a benzopyran compound, the benzopyran compound represented by one of the formulas: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, and R.sub.10 are selected from hydrogen, a stable organic radical, a heterocyclic group, halogen, a nitrogen-substituted group, and a nitrogen-substituted ring compound.

Abstract: An improved coating comprising a coating on a substrate is described. The coating comprises a crosslinked polymeric material derived from an alkine-bridged bis-(aminosilane) or comprising a mixture of the alkine-bridged bis-(amino-silane) and an epoxysilane. The alkine bridged bis-(aminosilane) may have the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are independently selected from alkyl groups of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or phenyl groups,R.sup.4 is selected from hydrogen, phenyl groups, and alkyl of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, andn is 1, 2, 3 or 4,p is 2, 3 or 4,q is 0 or 1,o is 0 or 1, andm is 1, 2, 3 or 4,wherein q plus m is 1 or 2, o is 1 only when all aminosilane groups are bonded to the other alkine groups, and when p is 4, both m and o are zero, or preferably[R.sup.1 OR.sup.2 OR.sup.3 O--Si--(CH.sub.2)n--NH].sub.2 --(C.sub.m H.sub.2m)wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are independently selected from aliphatic groups or aromatic groups, andn is 1, 2, 3 or 4, andm is 1, 2, 3 or 4.

Abstract: Benzopyran compounds represented by the formulas: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, and R.sub.10 are selected from hydrogen, a stable organic radical, a heterocyclic group, halogen, a nitrogen-substituted group, and a nitrogen-substituted ring compound.

Abstract: A multi-focal lens with both a power portion and a functional portion, where the power portion imparts a majority of the optical power and magnification characteristics to the multi-focal lens and has a front side with both a main focal surface and a secondary focal surface that is discontinuous relative to the main focal surface and where the functional portion has a rear side that is shaped like the front side of the power portion with the rear side of the functional portion being affixed to the front side of the power portion.

Abstract: A photochromic article that includes a host material and a photochromic amount of a naphthopyran compound, the naphthopyran compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 ', R.sub.2 ', R.sub.3 ', R.sub.4 ', R.sub.5 ', R.sub.6 ', R.sub.7 ', R.sub.8 ', R.sub.9 ', R.sub.10 ', R.sub.1 ", R.sub.2 ", R.sub.3 ", R.sub.4 ", R.sub.5 ", R.sub.6 ", R.sub.7 ", R.sub.8 ", R.sub.9 ", and R.sub.10 " are each selected from the following group: a stable organic radical, a heterocyclic group, halogen, a nitrogen-substituted group, and a nitrogen-substituted ring compound.

Abstract: A photochromic article that includes a host material and a photochromic amount of a naphthopyran compound, the naphthopyran compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 ', R.sub.2 ', R.sub.3 ', R.sub.4 ', R.sub.5 ', R.sub.6 ', R.sub.7 ', R.sub.8 ', R.sub.9 ', R.sub.10 ', R.sub.1 ", R.sub.2 ", R.sub.3 ", R.sub.4 ", R.sub.5 ", R.sub.6 ", R.sub.7 ", R.sub.8 ", R.sub.9 ", and R.sub.10 " are each selected from the following group: a stable organic radical, a heterocyclic group, halogen, a nitrogen-substituted group, and a nitrogen-substituted ring compound.

Abstract: A method of making an optical element that includes a thermoplastic power portion, the method including laminating a first thermoplastic sheet to one side of a functional film, laminating a second thermoplastic sheet to a second side of the functional film, and affixing either the first thermoplastic sheet or the second thermoplastic sheet to the power portion, with the other of the first or second thermoplastic sheets being open to atmosphere.

Abstract: An improved composition for producing a scratch-resistant coating for a plastic object together with the process of making and applying the coating is herein disclosed. Included in the composition is a mixture of a nonsilane organic epoxy compound and a partially hydrolyzed aminosilane reacted with a carbonyl-containing compound in an organic solvent. The mixture is applied to a plastic surface which is then heated to cure the coating into a hard transparent film which can be tinted quickly and darkly with an organic dye.

Abstract: A naphthopyran compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, and R.sub.10 are each selected from hydrogen, a first stable organic radical, an organic heterocyclic group, halogen, a first nitrogen-substituted group, and a first nitrogen-substituted ring compound; A and B are each selected from hydrogen, substituted phenyl, and substituted naphthyl, provided that at least one of A or B is substituted phenyl or substituted naphthyl; and any substituent of any substituted phenyl or substituted naphthyl at A or B is selected from hydrogen, a second stable organic radical, an organic heterocyclic group, halogen, a second nitrogen-substituted group, and a second nitrogen-substituted ring compound, provided that at least one substituent of any substituted phenyl or substituted naphthyl at either A or B is phenyl, naphthyl, or furyl.

Abstract: A multi-focal lens with both a power portion and a functional portion where the power portion imparts a majority of the optical power and magnification characteristics to the multi-focal lens and has a front side with both a main focal surface and a secondary focal surface that is recessed relative to the main focal surface and where the functional portion has a rear side that is shaped like the front side of the power portion with the rear side of the functional portion being affixed to the front side of the power portion.

Abstract: A naphthopyran compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, R.sub.8, R.sub.9, and R.sub.10 are each selected from the group consisting essentially of hydrogen, a stable organic radical, a heterocyclic group, a halogen, a nitrogen-substituted group, and a nitrogen-substituted ring compound and wherein A is a substituted divalent aromatic radical that includes substituents selected from the group consisting essentially of hydrogen and the stable organic radical.

Abstract: Described herein are photochromic compounds or a structural isomer of the photochromic compound, the photochromic compounds represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.8, A, B, C, and D are each selected from the group consisting essentially of hydrogen, a stable organic radical, a heterocyclic group, halogen, a nitrogen-substituted radical, and a nitrogen-substituted ring radical.