Abstract: An objective phoropter utilizing an illuminated keratometric object projecting its illumination onto the subject's cornea, and imaging the reflection therefrom in an imaging camera. Image processing of these images is used to improve the focusing and centering of the cornea subject's eyes. Once the correctly focused position of the eyes is obtained relative to the keratometer object, an accurate longitudinal position of the eyes relative to the lens wheel assemblies can also be achieved. This results in more accurate prescription generation than in prior art systems where the eyes may not be accurately positioned relative to the lens wheels. Additionally, the lens combinations of the entire phoropter wheel can be calibrated using an artificial eye having adjustable levels of aberration. Each lens combination is adjusted to supposedly correct a selected aberration level, and any residual aberration measured represents the correction to be applied to that lens combination.

Abstract: Systems for performing combined phoropter and refractive measurements to ascertain the aberrations present in the eye of a subject. The systems use a pair of phoropter wheel assemblies, one for each eye, each assembly comprising a number of lens wheels incorporating the series of lenses and wedges required to compensate for a range of refractive vision aberrations. The vision of each eye is corrected by a combination of a subjective phoropter measurement, iteratively performed with an objective wavefront analysis measurement to determine the residual aberrations existing after the initial phoropter correction. The system is able to automatically align the axes of each wavefront analyzer with is corresponding eye, by means of centering the pupil image in the wavefront analyzer camera, and to determine the pupil distance. By changing the focusing point on the wavefront analyzer of the light reflected from the eye, the corneal profile can be measured.

Abstract: A system for holding and aligning spectacles such that mapping measurements of the optical properties of a lens can be performed with the lens held such that its optical axis is parallel to the incident measurement beam. This may be implemented using three points which define a plane with which a surface of the lens can be aligned. The frame gripper is constructed such that the lens to be measured is free to rotate in space around any axis until clamped by the three alignment pin support arrangement, with the exception of rotation around the optical axis of the lens. This freedom of rotation allows the lens to be positioned on the alignment pin support automatically without the need for operator intervention. The spectacle frame is clamped using a spring loaded caliper device, configured to sequentially align the mechanical center of each lens with the measuring beam.

Abstract: Systems for performing sequential multiple function ophthalmic measurements using separate measurement instruments, by mechanical switching between the instruments. In prior art systems, the separate measurement instruments are stacked, and transfer between them is performed by means of a linear mechanical motion stage. The separate measurement instruments of the present application are mounted on a base which is rotatably pivoted around a joint at a location remote from the optical entry apertures of the instruments. The entrance apertures of the measurement instruments then traverse the eye being measured sequentially. A rotational motion around the pivoted joint is thus transformed into a linear motion at the eye of the subject, without the need for a linear motion stage. A Scheimpflug camera corneal thickness measurement is also described, in which the measurement head is tilted during the corneal scan such that the illuminating slit beam always impinges on the cornea normally.

Abstract: A wavefront measurement system, for measurement of aberrations in the eye, and for measurement of the topography of the cornea of the eye. The system differs from previously available systems in that the wavefront measurement of the eye's aberrations can be performed as a function of eye accommodation. Furthermore, methods for reducing corneal reflection are described. Additionally, the use of a very short focal length Hartman Shack lenslet array enables a very wide range of low order aberrations, up to ±25 diopters, to be measured without any refocusing or motion of the system. Also, methods are described for enabling the presence of defects within the eye to be determined using the aberration measurement system. Another embodiment captures the pupil centering position without any projected illumination pattern being used, so that a subsequent accurate centering and focusing procedure can commence at the initially captured position, thus reducing measurement time.

Abstract: A system for holding and aligning spectacles such that mapping measurements of the optical properties of a lens can be performed with the lens held such that its optical axis is parallel to the incident measurement beam. This may be implemented using three points which define a plane with which a surface of the lens can be aligned. The frame gripper is constructed such that the lens to be measured is free to rotate in space around any axis until clamped by the three alignment pin support arrangement, with the exception of rotation around the optical axis of the lens. This freedom of rotation allows the lens to be positioned on the alignment pin support automatically without the need for operator intervention. The spectacle frame is clamped using a spring loaded caliper device, configured to sequentially align the mechanical center of each lens with the measuring beam.

Abstract: A spectacles fitting system including a wide-view imaging system operative to provide a wide-view of a client's face, a 3D image processor operative to generate first 3D information describing the client's physical features, a virtual try-on unit operative to receive the digital 3D representation of the client's face and a digital 3D representation of a spectacle frame, to virtually mount the spectacle frame onto the client's face and to generate second 3D information describing frame/facial fit, and a lens fitter operative to receive the first 3D information and the second 3D information and to generate therefrom at least one parameter for face-and-frame customized manufacture and cutting of the lens.

Abstract: A holding assembly for holding spectacles, having an adjustable grip for fitting around a pair of spectacles. The adjustable grip is slidably mounted to allow alignment one after the other of each lens along a single predetermined axis perpendicular to the plane of the lens, such that the aligned lens has a clear line of sight to a lens measuring device.

Abstract: A refractometer and a method for measuring the refractive index of a lens, wherein a thin insert in the form of a pad of a flexible transparent material attached to a rigid transparent sheet, is lightly pressed onto a surface of the lens under test, such that the pad surface effectively acquires the same profile as the lens surface. The focal length or power of the lens is first measured without the insert, and the measurement is then repeated with the insert positioned first in contact with one surface of the lens, and then in contact with the other surface. The use of equations derived from the classical lens formula then enables the refractive index of the lens to be easily and quickly determined. The apparatus and method also enables the measurement of the refractive index of lenses of low power.

Abstract: This invention discloses an apparatus for providing optical information regarding spectacles in which are mounted first and second lenses, the apparatus includes a spectacles mapper operative to compute a map, within a single coordinate system, of at least one optical characteristic over both of the two lenses, and a spectacles analyzer operative to provide an output indication of optical information related to the map.A method for providing optical information regarding spectacles is also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus for mapping an optical element, the apparatus including a light source arranged to transmit a light beam toward the optical element, a beam separator including a plurality of beam separating elements, less than all of which are identical, which are operative to separate the light beam into a corresponding plurality of light beam portions including at least first and second light beam portions which differ from one another, an optical sensing device operative to generate a light spot map including a plurality of light spots corresponding to the plurality of beam separating elements and an optical element characteristic computation device operative to derive at least one characteristic of the optical element from the light spot map and including apparatus for identifying the beam separating element corresponding to an individual spot based at least partly on differences between the at least first and second light beam portions.