Abstract: There is disclosed a liquid crystal display device comprising two substrates facing and spaced from each other, at least one of the substrates being transparent, electrodes positioned to establish an electric field in the space between the two substrates, one or more photoinitiator or enhancing (PIE) elements located between the substrates, one or more polymer elements located primarily in the vicinities of the PIE elements, the polymer elements located between the two substrates and having been polymerized in situ in response to the PIE material carried on or within the PIE elements, and electrooptic material filling at least a portion of the space between the two substrates.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is disclosed. The method comprises filling the space between two facing substrates with a mixture of pre-polymer and liquid crystal material, applying an external source of energy to initiate a polymerization, wherein as the polymerization proceeds a phase separation of the polymer and liquid crystal is generally also proceeding, after initiation of polymerization and before completion thereof, adjusting a parameter that affects one or both of the rates of polymerization and phase separation, so as to produce a variation in the polymerized structure, wherein the variation is a result of the rates of polymerization and phase separation being adjusted during the course of polymerization.

Abstract: There is a liquid crystal display device with two substrates facing and spaced from each other, at least one of the substrates being transparent. Electrodes are positioned to establish an electric field in the space between the two substrates. One or more space elements are located between the substrates. One or more polymer supports are located primarily in the vicinities of the spacer elements. The polymer supports extend between the two substrates and have been polymerized in situ in response to polymerization initiating or enhancing (PIE) material carried on or within the spacer elements. Electrooptic material (e.g., liquid crystal) fills at least a portion of the space between the two substrates.

Abstract: There is disclosed a liquid crystal display device comprising two substrates facing and spaced from each other, at least one of the substrates being transparent, electrodes positioned to establish an electric field in the space between the two substrates, one or more photoinitiator or enhancing (PIE) elements located between the substrates, one-or more polymer elements located primarily in the vicinities of the PIE elements, the polymer elements located between the two substrates and having been polymerized in situ in response to the PIE material carried on or within the PIE elements, and electrooptic material filling at least a portion of the space between the two substrates.

Abstract: There is disclosed a liquid crystal display device comprising two substrates facing and spaced from each other, at least one of the substrates being transparent, electrodes positioned to establish an electric field in the space between the two substrates, one or more spacer elements located between the substrates, the spacer elements having been introduced between the substrates during assembly of the device, an electrooptic material filling at least a portion of the space between the two substrates, and a polymeric material filling at least a portion of the space between the substrates, the polymeric material comprising a liquid prepolymeric material that was applied to the spacer elements in liquid form and having been polymerized in situ after the spacer elements were in place between the substrate.

Abstract: The invention provides a thin, lightweight, durable electro-optic display assembly that is significantly mote flexible than known plastic electro-optic displays. The enhanced flexibility of the plastic display assemblies according to the invention is achieved by employing laminate display structures in which there is little, if any, bonding between adjacent layers of the laminate assembly.

Abstract: There is disclosed a liquid crystal display device comprising two substrates facing and spaced from each other, at least one of the substrates being transparent, electrodes positioned to establish an electric field in the space between the two substrates, one or more spacer elements located between the substrates, the spacer elements having been introduced between the substrates during assembly of the device, an electrooptic material filling at least a portion of the space between the two substrates, and a polymeric material filling at least a portion of the space between the substrates, the polymeric material comprising a liquid prepolymeric material that was applied to the spacer elements in liquid form and having been polymerized in situ after the spacer elements were in place between the substrate.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device is disclosed. The method comprises filling the space between two facing substrates with a mixture of pre-polymer and liquid crystal material, applying an external source of energy to initiate a polymerization, wherein as the polymerization proceeds a phase separation of the polymer and liquid crystal is generally also proceeding, after initiation of polymerization and before completion thereof, adjusting a parameter that affects one or both of the rates of polymerization and phase separation, so as to produce a variation in the polymerized structure, wherein the variation is a result of the rates of polymerization and phase separation being adjusted during the course of polymerization.

Abstract: There is a liquid crystal display device with two substrates facing and spaced from each other, at least one of the substrates being transparent. Electrodes are positioned to establish an electric field in the space between the two substrates. One or more space elements are located between the substrates. One or more polymer supports are located primarily in the vicinities of the spacer elements. The polymer supports extend between the two substrates and have been polymerized in situ in response to polymerization initiating or enhancing (PIE) material carried on or within the spacer elements. Electrooptic material (e.g., liquid crystal) fills at least a portion of the space between the two substrates.

Abstract: There is a liquid crystal display device with two substrates facing and spaced from each other, at least one of the substrates being transparent. Electrodes are positioned to establish an electric field in the space between the two substrates. One or more space elements are located between the substrates. One or more polymer supports are located primarily in the vicinities of the spacer elements. The polymer supports extend between the two substrates and have been polymerized in situ in response to polymerization initiating or enhancing (PIE) material carried on or within the spacer elements. Electrooptic-material (e.g., liquid crystal) fills at least a portion of the space between the two substrates.

Abstract: A method and system for providing advertisement information on chip cards, and for the distribution of the resulting revenues. It also includes tracking and storing of integrated relational information regarding advertisement information, products, and customer's buying habits with respect to those products. At the time a customer uses a chip card to purchase an item, particular advertisement information is stored onto the card based on information characterizing the customer (user). The chip card may or may not incorporate an electronic display for showing the advertisement directly on the card. Credit transactional fees are adjusted based on advertising download rates and other parameters.

Abstract: A method and system for providing advertisement information, including advertising as well as sales promotions, on chip cards that additionally involves an electronic money rebate to the consumer, and for the distribution, accounting, and recovery of the associated electronic money rebates. Rebates are conveyed to the consumer by communication from the advertisement information provider to a customer's chip card via a multiplicity of possible channels including: a personal computer, a portable chip card reader, a point-of-sale (POS) terminal, a handheld device, a home or business telephone, a vending machine, a cellular phone, a pager, a mass transporation payment station, a television and/or television set-top box, or an automated teller machine (ATM). Rather than giving a discount at the point of sale, a rebate in the form of electronic money is stored in chip card memory.

Abstract: A chip card including a flexible body; at least one semiconductor chip supported within the flexible body and comprising a memory for storing the information; a display element capable of displaying at least a portion of the information stored in the semiconductor chip, the display element being supported within the flexible body and comprising display areas viewable from at least one side of the chip card; circuitry for controlling the display element; the chip card being capable of undergoing flexing of the type and magnitude experienced by a card during normal use, handling, and storage (e.g., storage in a pocket, wallet, or purse) without permanent damage to the display element and without permanent loss of the displayed information. A chip card may include a power source to provide multi-media capabilities by driving a speaker/microphone or showing a series of images to produce an animated display or film clip.

Abstract: An article of clothing constructed from one or more materials includes a flexible display element attached to the one or more materials of the article of clothing and circuitry for controlling the flexible display element.

Abstract: A method of delivering advertisement information from a source of advertisement information to a chip card for display on a display element of the chip card. The method includes establishing a communication path between the source and the chip card, transmitting the advertisement information from the source to the chip card via the communication path; and, displaying the transmitted advertisement information on the chip card display element. Also featured is a method of electronic ticketing that transmits ticketing information to chip card memory, and displays the ticketing information on the chip card display element.

Abstract: A chip card including a flexible body; at least one semiconductor chip supported within the flexible body and comprising a memory for storing the information; a display element capable of displaying at least a portion of the information stored in the semiconductor chip, the display element being supported within the flexible body and comprising display areas viewable from at least one side of the chip card; circuitry for controlling the display element; the chip card being capable of undergoing flexing of the type and magnitude experienced by a card during normal use, handling, and storage (e.g., storage in a pocket, wallet, or purse) without permanent damage to the display element and without permanent loss of the displayed information. A chip card may include a power source to provide multi-media capabilities by driving a speaker/microphone or showing a series of images to produce an animated display or film clip.

Abstract: A wearable device that includes a flexible body that can be secured around a wearer. The flexible body includes an integrated circuit, a flexible display element, and circuitry for controlling the display element.