Abstract: A casting method and apparatus according to which a molten material is poured into a space occupied by a foam-plastic pattern which is at least partially embedded in a granular material. The foam-plastic pattern when contacted by the molten material decomposes and disappears, while a gas is generated from the contact between the molten material and the foam-plastic pattern. From this generated gas, by way of a suitable structure situated in a mold together with the pattern and granular material, an elevated pressure is created, and the molten material fills the space initially occupied by the foam-plastic pattern in the presence of this elevated pressure which is greater than atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the manufacture of fibers from fusible materials and particularly materials of low viscosity. The melt and gaseous flow medium is passed through a Laval-nozzle at a supersonic speed. The nozzle and speed are so selected as to cause an abrupt temperature drop in the flow medium within the nozzle which causes the melt to solidify into fibers.