Abstract: A control system for a hydrodynamic-mechanical transmission of the type having a by-pass clutch to by-pass the hydrodynamic torque converter includes a main control valve to disengage the forward gear clutch element and thereby the engine from the driving wheels when the accelerator pedal is released. At the same time, the main control valves causes the by-pass clutch, if engaged, to disengage. When the accelerator pedal is depressed, the forward gear clutch element re-engages as well as the by-pass clutch, but since the by-pass clutch is still disengaged at the time the forward gear clutch element re-engages, the jerking motion that may otherwise occur is absorbed in the hydrodynamic torque converter.

Abstract: In combination with a brushless, three phase synchronous motor forming part of a flywheel starter of an internal combustion engine and having a stator with field windings and a winding-free toothed rotor having a pole pitch angle, a circuit for generating a rotating field for the windings is disclosed. The circuit includes a sensor positioned near the rotor for generating signals indicative of the pole pitch time of the rotor. A divider circuit is provided for generating a current flow signal for each field winding in response to the sensor signals. A delay network is coupled to the divider circuit and determines a time delay between the start of the pole pitch time and the start of the current flow signals.

Abstract: A passive safety device for vehicles has a safety belt with at least one upper end associated with the shoulder of the vehicle occupant. This upper end of the safety belt is connectable by a manually-operable belt lock with a shackle. The shackle is held on a slide which can be displaced in a guide rail held on the vehicle body between a release position and a restraining position. The slide can be locked in the restraining position in a receiving means fixed on the vehicle body by a spring-loaded locking latch. If the slide becomes stuck at a position remote from the restraining position, the vehicle occupant can be protected by manually inserting into the receiving means one end of an emergency lock insertion shackle carried separately in the vehicle, and by fastening the belt lock to the other end of the insertion shackle.

Abstract: A pump-less hydraulic brake system has a pair of independent brake lines, each connected to diagonally opposed front and rear wheel brakes, and a control valve mechanism disposed in each brake line. Each control valve mechanism has an electrically connectable inlet valve and outlet valve, actuatable to one of three combinations: (1) in which brake line pressure is determined by the brake pedal-actuated master cylinder; (2) in which the braking pressure in the respective brake line drops, and (3) in which the braking pressure remains steady. A pair of rear brake inlet valves are also provided, and the valves are controlled as a function of the relative rpm or changes in deceleration of the vehicle wheels. The rear brake inlet valves are also independently controlled, to limit maximum braking pressure to the rear wheel brake, as a function of rear axle weight.

Abstract: A drive train for an automobile engine and automatic transmission includes a clutch positioned between the engine and the flywheel and a starting motor on the transmission side of the clutch.

Abstract: A fuel injection device for continuously injecting the mixture of fuel and air into the cylinders of an internal combustion engine has an intake pipe, an arbitrarily adjustable throttle flap, and a venturi in the intake pipe at a point upstream of the throttle flap. An air channel branches off from the narrowest point of the venturi and a main fuel metering arrangement supplies fuel to the mixing chamber portion of the channel substantially as a function of the air pressure at the venturi. A suction line is connected to receive the air and fuel from the mixing chamber in the channel and an idling fuel metering arrangement supplies fuel under constant pressure to the line during idling. A fuel delivery pump is connected to receive the air and fuel mixture in the line and to supply the mixture to the points of injection associated with the several cylinders of the engine.

Abstract: A vehicle having an internal combustion engine and flywheel includes a first clutch arranged between the flywheel and the vehicle drive shaft and a second clutch arranged between the flywheel and engine for selectively disconnecting the engine from the vehicle drive. A motor-generator is connected to the flywheel by a planetary gear train which includes a planetary gear carrier rigidly connected with the output drive shaft. during a first driving stage, the clutch between the flywheel and vehicle drive shaft is disconnected, such that the flywheel is coupled to the drive shaft through the planetary gear train. In a second driving stage, the clutch between the flywheel and vehicle output shaft is engaged to effect a direct connection between the flywheel and output shaft. In both driving stages, the vehicle can be driven by the engine, or by the motor-generator, or by the engine and motor-generator combined.

Abstract: A ceramic turbine wheel (1), especially such a wheel intended for an exhaust gas driven turbine of a turbocharger for motor vehicles, comprises a body portion (3), blades (2) and hub portion (4). The body portion (4), and optionally the hub portion (3) as well, are provided with hollow central cores (5, 6).

Abstract: An improved drive unit for a vehicle having an internal combustion engine, an automatic transmission and a clutch comprising a servo-powered mechanical coupling part and a fluid coupling part is disclosed. The fluid coupling part serves as the flywheel for the engine. An auxiliary starting motor rotates the flywheel to a speed sufficient to start the internal combustion engine when the accelerator pedal is depressed, thereby closing the mechanical coupling part and connecting the flywheel with the engine crankshaft. When the accelerator pedal is released the mechanical coupling part opens to stop the engine in all engine-braking phases, thereby maximizing fuel conservation.

Abstract: A drive for a vehicle with an internal combustion engine and an electric motor drivingly connected to a manual transmission with a clutch is provided. The transmission has a shift lever, a shift gate, a lane associated with the lowest gear of the transmission, and an input shaft. A control lever is longitudinally displaceable when the shift lever is in a neutral position, and is supported by the shift lever when the shift lever is in the neutral position. The shift gate supports the control lever when the shift lever is positioned out of the neutral position. A first switch is positioned in the transmission and is actuated by the control lever. A spring normally biases the control lever into contact with the first switch. A first motor circuit includes an accelerator pedal coupled to a regulator to control the speed of the electric motor. A second motor circuit includes the accelerator pedal coupled to a power regulator to control the speed of the internal combustion engine.

Abstract: An arrangement for the automatic actuation of an automobile clutch operatively located between an automobile engine and a manually shiftable transmission, of the kind that includes a servo motor responsive to auxiliary power applied thereto for effecting engagement and disengagement of the clutch, and control means for controlling the auxiliary power delivery to the servo motor as a function of the position of the accelerator pedal, or the clutch input (engine output) and output (transmission input) rotational speeds, or both, and wherein the control means controls the auxiliary power delivery to the servo motor so that the rotational speed of the engine attains a prescribed rotational speed which is a function of the position of the accelerator pedal, the auxiliary power delivery being an application pulse to the servo motor of sufficient duration to almost completely overcome the free travel of the clutch.

Abstract: A passive safety belt arrangement for vehicles has a safety belt with one end connected to a slide by a manually-operable closing device. The slide, which can be displaced by a drive means along a guide held on the vehicle body moves between a release position in which the belt is lifted off the body of a vehicle occupant, and a restraining position in which the belt is applied to the body of the occupant. If the slide becomes stuck at a position remote from the restraining position, the belt can be manually applied by attaching it to a counterpart fastened to a stationary part located in the area of the restraining position.

Abstract: A system for driving a motor vehicle with a infinitely variable belt gear is provided with an engine transversely positioned to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. First and second drive-cone pulleys are provided for transmitting the rotational force of the engine. A clutch couples the engine with the drive-cone pulleys. A V-belt or chain drivingly connects the first and second output cone pulleys with the first and second drive-cone pulleys. A planetary gear drive with a sun gear, a ring gear, and a planetary gear carrier carrying planet gears is driven by the first and second output cone pulleys. A differential gear for driving the axles of the vehicle is coaxially positioned to the planetary gear with a drive gear coupling the differential gear with the planetary gear.

Abstract: Controls are provided to directly or indirectly avoid operation of the internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle in a range of speed and output power which is detrimental to engine efficiency. The controls become operative upon attainment of a predetermined limit value for engine parameters.

Abstract: Arrangement for fuel supply to the combustion chambers of a vehicle internal combustion engine with an engine-braking disconnection. A sensor determines the rotational speed of the engine. Function generators determine the limit value signals which are a function of the rotational speed of the engine. Comparators compare the signals determined by the function generators with a load signal received from a potentiometer acting as a position sensor indicating the position of the intake manifold throttle valve. The comparators are connected to switches which regulate or eliminate the fuel supply to the combustion chamber depending upon the output of the said comparators by supplying fuel to all combustion chambers, to groups of combustion chambers, or to no combustion chambers, so that the operation of the engine is fuel-consumption optimal.

Abstract: The operation of a motor vehicle is controlled by reading of a programmed memory to accelerate the vehicle along a predetermined optimum efficiency curve. The acceleration is independent of the position of the accelerator pedal, provided the pedal is neither in the idling position nor in the full throttle position. For these positions, the acceleration of the vehicle is not under the control of the programmed device.

Abstract: In a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, with a first crankshaft part and a second crankshaft part, a device for coupling the crankshaft parts at a predetermined relative angular position is provided. A friction clutch for pre-coupling the crankshaft parts and for attaining substantially the same speed of rotation has a first thrust element coupled to the first crankshaft part wherein the thrust element is rotatable over an angle relative to the first shaft between a first angular position and a second angular position. A clutch plate is coupled to the second crankshaft part for engaging the thrust element. Means are provided for actuating the first friction clutch wherein the thrust element is maintained in the first angular position during initial actuation of the friction clutch, and moves to the second angular position in response to a reversal in torque transmitted between the crankshaft parts.

Abstract: Apparatus for continuously injecting fuel into the intake pipe of an internal combustion engine. The apparatus has an air channel branching off from the intake pipe at a point ahead of an adjustable throttle flap; a fuel metering device supplying fuel to the air channel in dependence upon engine load; and a fuel delivery pump arranged to receive a fuel-air mixture from the air channel through a narrowed constriction. The fuel delivery pump is constructed to convey fuel mixed with air even under conditions of maximum engine load. The fuel metering device has fuel exit openings which are directed toward the narrow constriction of the air channel forming the fuel delivery pump inlet.

Abstract: A grip roller overrunning clutch has grip rollers with associated pressure springs that load the rollers in the gripping direction, a first clutch part provided with grip ramps for the grip rollers, a second clutch part provided with a cylindrical running surface for the grip rollers and chamber-forming components for holding the grip rollers and associated pressure springs. The pressure springs are in the form of band springs folded in the longitudinal direction such that the folds in the assembled state extend in the radial direction. These springs are kept at a distance from the lateral boundary walls of the chamber-forming component by guiding devices.

Abstract: A clutch arrangement for a motor vehicle having an internal combustion engine for driving the vehicle and a flywheel coupled between the vehicle transmission and the engine for equalizing the non-uniformity of the engine output torque. The clutch arrangement includes a main clutch arranged between the flywheel and the main transmission for interrupting the coupling for shifting gears and an auxiliary controllable clutch arranged between the engine and flywheel for automatically interrupting the coupling of the engine and flywheel. The controllable clutch comprises a spring disc clutch free from rotational play and is arranged so that the direction of force for actuating the main clutch, for interrupting the coupling between the flywheel and transmission, is opposed to the direction of the force for actuating the auxiliary controllable clutch.