Abstract: A vertically standing, slender, cylindrical flow container with an upper intake connection for crushed raw sludge already heated to a pasteurization temperature and a lower outlet connection for pasteurized sludge. A slowly rotating guide member is incorporated into the container coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the latter and is driven by an electric motor via a reduction gear. The tube-like guide member core is provided with a plurality of continuous, helically-wound blades which extend from top to bottom and which, with respect to the direction of rotation of the guide member, form front and rear helical deflectors for the sludge. The helically wound blades also subdivide the circular cross-section of the passage of the container into a plurality of helically-wound individual channels.

Abstract: A method for drying sludge which may contain combustible vapors in a manner to positively prevent fires and explosions within the sludge dryer and the associated sludge-drying piping. The method provides for a substantial reduction of the oxygen content of the sludge-drying vapors by deviating a part of the sludge-drying vapor stream from the principal vapor circuit and passing it as secondary combustion air into the combustion chamber which generates hot gases for drying the sludge. Furthermore, a portion of the hot effluents from the combustion chamber is deviated from the sludge-drying circuit and is used to heat the sludge-drying vapors whereafter it is vented to the atmosphere. In a variant of the invention, an acid scrubber is provided to remove hydrochloric acid. A number of embodiments is presented.

Abstract: The cap is an ethylene-propylene elastomer cup which is forced over the ends of a pipe section to protect the pipe end from damage and to protect the inside of the pipe from contamination by foreign material. A retaining bead on the outside of the cap lip prevents tearing and holds the cap firmly on the pipe end. The cap wall is about twice as thick as the floor. The outer perimeter portion of the floor is of increased thickness. One or two ring-shaped depressions centered in the floor permit the floor to be expanded radially when the cap is installed, so that a single cap size can be used for various pipe diameters. A ventilating port is provided in the floor.

Abstract: The disclosed treatment is for the removal of hydrogen halide constituents of an exhaust gas by means of a dry scrubbing agent to which the gas binds. The agent is sprayed into the gas in finely divided form just prior to flow of the gas through a register located at the entrance to a filter chamber. The agent is thus distributed evenly over the input of the filter and performs its binding function primarily while on the filter. The agent may be sprayed as a finely divided solid or as a fluid which rapidly dries to leave a coating of finely divided agent on the filter.Also disclosed is an apparatus for practicing the method, including a nozzle casing with a plurality of spray nozzles located in the gas passageway at the input side of a register at the entrance to the filter chamber housing an electrical filter.

Abstract: The disclosed sleeve is of the type including a resistance heating wire embedded in a thermoplastic sleeve material. A first sleeve member of insulating thermoplastic is molded with axially spaced integral annular receptacle wall members extending out from the outer surface and defining recesses. The walls have two diametrically opposite guide slots. Extending upwards from the center of each recess is a wire support stud. A resistance wire wound on the first sleeve between the wall members has its end sections passed through the slots and over the support stud, so that portions of the wire lie exposed against the side faces of the stud. A second sleeve member of insulating material is molded over the first sleeve so that the wire is embedded in the second sleeve but remains exposed within the recesses. The second sleeve material fills in the slots above the wire to thereby fix the wire in place in the slots.

Abstract: Disclosed is apparatus for automatically lining a vessel. With a template inside the vessel, pouring and ramming stations are disposed within the annular space defined by the template and vessel for rotation about the central axis of the vessel. The ramming stations include rams movable in a radially inward direction to compact the lining material at the bottom of the vessel and movable outwardly to compact the material forming the side walls of the vessel.

Abstract: The disclosed valve has a seating gasket with a cross-sectional profile which includes an anchoring portion disposed in the bottom of the gasket groove in the fluid passageway. A seating portion of the gasket extends up from the anchoring portion and is narrower than the anchoring portion, so that the anchoring portion is exposed in the groove on both sides of the seating portion. A pair of fillets are held in the groove on both sides of the seating portion of the gasket and adjacent the anchoring portion to fix the gasket in the groove and to guide the valve disc between them. The gasket has longitudinal ribs to improve sealing and may be integral with an elongate toroid gasket for sealing against the valve disc in the neck of the valve.

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus is disposed in the "U"-section deflector at the bottom end of flues connected to each other in a multiple-flue, vertical flue furnace. A deflecting plate and two associated projections, one on the plate and the other on the wall, influence the flow of gases in such a manner that first the radius of curvature of the gas making the turn is decreased, and second the distribution of flow at the input cross-section of the flow-receiving flue is more uniform. The first effect improves the effectiveness of fly ash removal from the turning gas stream. The second effect prevents localized sooting and uneven heating of a heat exchanger which may be installed in the end of the receiving flue.

Abstract: After the fly ash is removed from the flue gases by a separator, it is introduced into a combustion chamber which may be either the primary combustion chamber of the furnace or a separate chamber in a secondary combustion chamber. There, it is burned until only the liquid slag remains and then removed, along with the other liquid slag formed in the furnace by the primary combustion process. Various methods and apparatus are described for carrying out the introduction of the fly ash into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed is apparatus for automatically lining a vessel. With a template inside the vessel, pouring and ramming stations are disposed within the annular space defined by the template and vessel for rotation about the central axis of the vessel. The ramming stations include rams movable in a radially inward direction to compact the lining material at the bottom of the vessel and movable outwardly to compact the material forming the side walls of the vessel.

Abstract: A process and system for hygienic elimination of sewage having salt-containing organic substances as a constituent thereof. The sewage is concentrated by evaporation and the salt and organic substances are fed into a combustion chamber. The organic substances are burned and the salts are modified in the aggregate state.

Abstract: There is disclosed a clamp coupling wherein the coupling of the suspension gear of a cable car to the haulage-and-support cable is effected and sustained as a result of the net weight of the suspension gear. The coupling includes a fixed clamp jaw affixed to a rack, a movable clamp jaw mounted on the rack, and a toggle lever mechanism supported on the rack. The mechanism is connected to a suspension gear support bar and a control car. Levers of the toggle lever mechanism are mounted by means of universal joints on the part of the rack that is distant from the clamp jaws and on the movable clamp jaw. The levers are rotatingly hinged to one another about an axis which extends at right angles to the axis of the support bar and also at right angles to imaginary connecting lines between the centers of the universal joints.

Abstract: A thermoplastic synthetic resin sleeve to be slipped over the end of a tubular member to be joined to another such member has a winding of resistance heating wire adjacent the inner surface of the sleeve. Connectors at the ends of the wire are provided to connect the wire to a source of electrified power. Small diameter wire is chosen, the resistance thereof being selected as an inverse function of sleeve diameter, so that an unregulated source of power can be used. A visual indication is provided to indicate when a good weld joint has been made.

Abstract: Chlorinated hydrocarbons are separated from refuse, typically municipal refuse, and combusted in a separate combustion chamber within an incinerating furnace, the special combustion chamber being separated spatially, and the material containing the chlorinated hydrocarbons being separated from refuse, so that combustion gases arising from incineration of the chlorinated hydrocarbons are kept separate from the combustion gases arising from incineration of the refuse.

Abstract: A process for cooling and raising the dew point of the flue gases in waste material incinceration plants. Secondary air and water mist are sprayed into the combustion chamber above the combustion grate. the flue gases entering the flue gas cooler are thereby preliminarily cooled. By increasing the dew point, the effectiveness of the flue gas cleaner is enhanced. Apparatus for performing the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for conditioning flue gases in waste material incineration plants with heat utilization. Secondary air is introduced into the combustion chamber above the combustion grate. The flue gases are moistened prior to entering the gas cleaner by water sprayed therein. Apparatus for performing the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid bath furnace, for burning pumpable wastes comprising hydrocarbon compounds and mineral substances, has primary and secondary combustion chambers, the walls of which are provided with La Mont boiler heating surfaces, and a post-combustion chamber. The heating surfaces are provided with heat-conducting cladding. In operation of the furnace, the wastes are fed to the primary combustion chamber, where the hydrocarbons dissociate and the mineral substances melt, a layer of the latter solidifying on the cladding in this chamber. An oil burner is used to regulate the primary combustion chamber temperature.

Abstract: While a mold assembly providing an antechamber for the mold is fixed in the operating position, another such mold antechamber assembly is set up, adjusted and preheated in a standby position, and mechanical displacement arrangements make possible a rapid substitution of the mold assembly in the standby position for the mold assembly in the operating position, either in case trouble develops with the latter or when it is desired to shift from operations with a mold of one cross section to operations with a mold of another cross section. The cast rod is pulled horizontally out of the mold. Operating and standby positions are provided on a rotatable positioning table. A reservoir oven is arranged for discharging molten metal into the antechamber located in the operating position as needed to maintain the melt level in the antechamber of the operating mold assembly within prescribed limits.

Abstract: To dispose of high-polymer, chlorine-containing plastics, such as PVC, without liberating hydrochloric acid in the atmosphere, the material is placed in a closed vessel and contacted with super-heated steam to split off gaseous hydrochloric acid; the resulting mixture of water vapor, steam and hydrochloric acid is removed, cooled and condensed, so that hydrochloric acid can be derived therefrom; the residue of the material after the hydrochloric acid has been removed can then be safely incinerated with other refuse, etc.

Abstract: A furnace feed grate of an incinerator comprises transverse rows of grate blocks, the blocks of alternate rows being movable to feed refuse along the grate. Clamping devices at the underside of the grate resiliently urge together the blocks of the respective rows. At the lateral edges of the grate, sealing plates are resiliently urged into sealing contact with the ends of the rows independently of the action of the clamping devices. The grate, the clamping devices and the sealing plates can be removed from the incinerator as a single unit.