Abstract: The present invention relates to metallurgy of non-ferrous metals and alloys and, more particularly, to a process for producing an aluminium-silicon alloy with a content of silicon of 2 to 22% by mass. The process comprises charging crystalline silicon onto the sole of a reverberatory furnace so that the charged crystalline silicon has a cone shape, casting liquid aluminium into the furnace bath at 780.degree.-820.degree. C. and agitation of the resulting aluminium-silicon melt by means of a shaped jet of the same melt; the melt jet is directed into the base of the cone of the charged crystalline silicon at a speed of the jet along the axis thereof of from 0.5 to 0.8 m/s; simultaneously with the beginning of agitation the melt temperature in the furnace bath is lowered to 670.degree.-750.degree. C. and agitation of the melt is effected at this temperature. The alloy can be used in the automobile industry, tractor manufacture in the production of consumer goods.

Abstract: The cement of the invention comprises chemically combined oxides, percent by mass: CaO, 50 to 60; Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, 28 to 37; Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3, 0.01 to 1; SiO.sub.2, 0.1 to 8; Na.sub.2 O, 0.1 to 1; K.sub.2 O, 0.1 to 0.5; H.sub.2 O, 3 to 12; and incorporates 85 to 99% by mass of a fraction with a particle size of below 80 .mu.m and 1 to 15% by mass of a fraction with a particle size of from 80 to 200 .mu.m. The cement can also contain one or more additives: calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, calcium carboaluminate.The method according to the invention for preparing said cement comprises a heat-treatment of calcium hydroalumosilicate containing SiO.sub.2 in an amount of not more than 8% by mass at a temperature of from 250.degree. to 600.degree. C. The heat-treated product is disintegrated to produce 85 to 99% by mass of a fraction with a particle size of below 80 .mu.m and 1 to 15% of a fraction with a particle size of from 80 to 200 .mu.m.

Abstract: A system of busbars for aluminium-producing electrolyzers located at the ends of groups of series-connected electrolyzers arranged lengthwise in at least two parallel rows, incorporates stacks of cathode buses located to the left and to the right of a longitudinal axis of each row of electrolyzers in the direction of the current flow through the electrolyzers. The system incorporates a busbar jumper connecting the busbars of the first electrolyzer located at the end of one of the two rows of electrolyzers wih the busbars of the second electrolyzer located at the end of the other of the two rows of electrolyzers.

Abstract: While monitoring the phase state of a material in processes including crystallization from a melt, a photo-optical system is operated to receive the radiation coming from the material being treated, and the amplitude-frequency spectrum of the output electric signal of the photoreceiver of this system is followed. The presence in this signal of a low-frequency components within a range of from 0.5 to 30 Hz indicates that the optical system is located above the molten portion of the material being treated. To utilize this method for monitoring the position of the interface between the solid and molten zones or phases, there is employed a carriage supporting thereon the photo-optical system and mounted for reciprocation transversely of the interface between the liquid and solid phases. The output of the photoreceiver of the photo-optical system is provided with a frequency-amplitude analyzer including a circuit for inhibiting the permanent component.