Abstract: The essence of the invention is an effective method for generating the multiplicative inverse in a finite field GF(p) where p is prime, i.e. for generating the modular inverse. This method is derived from the Extended Euclidean Algorithm (EEA). The method is for binary execution of operations during the process of generating the modular inverse, with respect to the lowest number of addition, subtraction and shift operations possible. The proposed method avoids redundant operations for converting odd and negative values, which are performed in methods currently in use. To achieve that, negative numbers are represented in the two's complement code, values in the control part of the EEA are shifted to the left, and a new definition of the boundary and control conditions is utilized in the procedure. Minimizing the number of additions and subtractions is desirable for calculations with large numbers often encountered in cryptography.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the controlled local, non-invasive electrostimulation of human and animal tissues. The device includes a pulse generator 1 generating DC pulses of adjustable frequency and amplitude and two electrodes to be applied to the tissue. One electrode is a large-surface electrode to be fixedly applied to the body, and the other electrode is a multipoint electrode having a plurality of point electrodes provided in a support and electrically isolated from each other, which are designed to be simultaneously and fixedly applied to the treated region and are sequentially provided with DC pulses from the pulse generator by means of switching means, each switching position corresponding to one point electrode or a predetermined group of point electrodes.The device is optimally suited for the automatic and home application of electrostimulation, particularly for the therapy of chronic diseases of the locomotor system.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing and treating abnormal tissue includes the steps of generating an electric signal composed of electrical pulses in the range of 250 Hz to 5 KHz, applying the signal to a patient through two electrodes attached to points on the surface of the patient's body, one point being the treated point, monitoring the average value of current passing through the patient's body; monitoring the rate of change in the average value of the current passing through the patient's body; and determining whether the treated point represents normal tissue or abnormal tissue, based on the rate of change in the average value of the current passing through the patient's body. Treatment of abnormal tissue is continued until the average value of current in a treated point reaches a stable value comparable in magnitude to the average value of the current passing through the patient's body at a point representing normal tissue.

Abstract: The invention relates to an artificial hip endo-limb comprising a spherical joint supported by a shaft. A porous shell of metal, synthetic material, ceramics and the like is provided on the circumference of the shaft. The porous shell is transversely divided and separated by spacing elements and may be longitudinally divided, and the surface can be provided with grooves.

Abstract: A mixing arrangement is provided for continuous mixing of liquids which comprise a plurality of inserts with helical surfaces disposed in a row within a conduit. The inserts each comprise a plurality of helical insert members which, at the inlet end of the inset, are in mutual contact and form a polygon at that end. The insert members extend individually from the inlet end along the conduit. The insert members are also in contact at the outlet end of the insert or at a location between the inlet and outlet.

Abstract: A laser resonator has a semitransparent outlet mirror and a first mirror, with an active element between the mirrors, all the elements arranged perpendicular to the optical axis of the resonator. A shutter is provided behind the first mirror and a second mirror is arranged behind the shutter, perpendicular to the optical axis of the resonator. The second mirror is fully reflective for radiation with stronger laser transition and the first mirror is fully reflective for radiation with weaker laser transition and fully penetrable for radiation with stronger transition. The resonator can change frequency simply by opening or closing the shutter. It can be advantageously used, for example, in the design and construction of laser scalpels.

Abstract: A stimulator which may be used to diminish the number of needed hemodialysis or peritoneal applications, as well as their duration. The stimulator is provided with at least two electrodes to be applied to a patient's body. The said electrodes are connected through an earphone and through a measuring instrument for indicating the average current quantity and its time derivative to the output of a generator of an electrical signal. The generator is fed from a direct current source. The stimulator may be applied separately, without an artificial kidney, viz. for diagnostical and therapeutical purposes in general medicine, or it may be used before hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis.

Abstract: Adaptable isoelastic hip endoprosthesis comprising a joint piece connected to a shaft of the endoprosthesis which shaft is to be implanted in the femur, said shaft being composed of at least two spirally twisted elastic rods. Such rods can be of the same cross section, can have a variable cross section, and can have the same or different lengths.

Abstract: A circuit connected in series with a discharge valve source substantially reducing the current impulse in the course of starting the discharge valve, thereby prolonging its life and reducing the blackening of walls at the ignitor electrodes of the discharge valve.

Abstract: Device for stopping a fuel injection internal combustion engine by turning a key in a stopping box into the STOP position. In hitherto known devices, when turning the key into the said position, current feeding the coil of the electromagnetic valve during the operation of the engine is cut off, and this valve is closed then by means of a prestressed spring. This makes impossible a free outflow of fuel leaving the reducing valve of a low pressure circuit of the injection device, and directs all fuel delivered by a delivery pump into a hydraulic member, the piston of which, by means of fuel pressure, shifts the control bar into the position STOP; in this way the engine is stopped. Such known arrangement requires too much power, since the coil of the electromagnetic valve is energized by current all during the operation of the engine. In accordance with the invention the coil of the electromagnetic valve is deenergized current during the operation of the engine.

Abstract: A device for hemodialysis provided with: an artery needle, a set of hoses with a bubble trap, a blood pump, a hemodialyzer, a venous needle, a container of a dialyzing solution, a conduit for the dialyzing solution, a unit of sensors for measuring the temperature, conductivity, and pressure of the dialyzing solution, a pump for the dialyzing solution, a hemoglobin detector, an electronic unit and an alarm unit providing audible and visual warning signals. The dialyzing solution is heated to a suitable temperature by a heat exchanger which is supplied with waste heat from the cooling system of an automobile engine. The device may be used in a home and for weekend dialysis, as well as for emergency mobile use.

Abstract: A two-stage method of thermic treatment of cereals, pulses or oil-seeds to increase the gelatinizing of starch and hydrolysis thereof, whereby to increase the efficiency of use of grains as a feed and food product. The grain is heated by infrared radiation in the first stage for 5-120 seconds from ambient temperature to 100.degree.-200.degree. C., and in the second stage it is kept for 30-120 seconds at substantially the temperature reached in the first stage.

Abstract: A piston-type injection pump for supplying a nozzle-type injector in a diesel engine is provided with integral facilities for effecting the controlled expansion of the discharge conduit between the pump and the injector and with additional facilities for limiting the rate of pressure drop in the discharge conduit during the volume expansion step. A cylindrical member disposed in a chamber that is in fluid communication with the working chamber defined by the piston-cylinder portion of the pump slidably receives an elongated cylindrical valve that is normally biased into a flow-blocking condition. Such cylindrical member has associated therewith suitable relief elements, such as a separate relief valve carried axially therein, to permit expansion of the space above the cylindrical member and to thereby accommodate an expansion of fluid downstream of the pump at the conclusion of the pressure stroke of the piston.

Abstract: A piston-type injection pump for supplying fuel through a discharge conduit to an injector of an internal combustion engine. The injection pump has a relief piston movable between an upstream and a downstream position in a sleeve. This relief piston limits the rate of pressure drop in the discharge conduit. The sleeve has an annular groove and the relief piston is formed by at least one annular recess. A channel extends transversely through the relief piston at said annular groove. An axial blind channel terminates at said transverse channel. These two channels form part of the flow path for the fuel. The upper edge of either the annular groove or annular recess and the lower edge of the other define therebetween a maximum flow-through area for the fuel when the relief piston is in the upstream position. This maximum flow-through area is substantially equal to the cross-sectional flow-through area of the discharge conduit.

Abstract: An improved, pressure-sealed mounting arrangement for a cylinder head of a diesel-type fuel injection assembly is described. The working cylinder of the pump assembly has an upward axial projection which tightly receives the lower end of a hollow cylinder head along an extended interface to define a pressure-sealed zone, such zone being disposed above the position of maximum upward travel of the cylinder piston. The head exhibits a lateral projection intermediate its ends for contacting the upper surface of the axial extension of the cylinder. Both the cylinder head and the cylinder extension are tightly secured to the upper portion of the pump body that surrounds the cylinder with the use of a threaded arrangement that tightly secures the lateral extension on the cylinder head to the axial extension on the cylinder and which also secures one of such members to the upper portion of the pump body.

Abstract: An improved assembly of the working cylinder and cylinder head in a casing of a diesel-type fuel injection pump is described. A lower portion of the cylinder head, which houses a discharge valve, is inserted into the upper portion of the cylinder. A piston reciprocable within the lower portion of the cylinder carries a flange on its lower end for supporting a spring, whose upper end bears, via an intermediate member, on the cylinder to urge the cylinder-cylinder head sub-assembly upward in the casing until a flange disposed intermediate the ends of the cylinder head abuts an upper, centrally apertured end plate of the casing. In the assembled position, an upper threaded end of the cylinder head extends outwardly from the aperture in the end plate to receive a conventional pressure fitting. Suitable facilities are provided for inhibiting rotation of the cylinder-cylinder head sub-assembly in the casing.