Abstract: A truing operation for straightening out of true work pieces such as crankshafts, must not again reduce the fatigue strength of the work piece achieved in a previous strengthening operation. This is achieved by a truing operation, wherein locally bounded compressive residual stresses are induced in a surface layer zone of the work piece by a hardening operation, whereby the respective out of true deformation of the work piece is at least reduced. The truing operation is repeated until the out of true deformation is eliminated. The compressive residual stresses are induced in a surface layer zone of the work piece by a locally limited hardening operation, e.g. a surface strengthening rolling operation. By appropriately varying the extent of hardening or the rolling force respectively, any out of true deformation may be even completely eliminated. A machine for performing the method is also disclosed.

Abstract: In a straightening or truing operation for straightening out of true work pieces the characteristic fatigue strength or an increased fatigue strength achieved in a previous strengthening operation of the work piece to be straightened, is maintained. This is achieved by a truing operation, wherein locally bounded compressive residual stresses are induced in a surface layer zone of the work piece by a hardening operation, whereby the respective out of true deformation of the work piece is at least reduced. The truing operation may then be repeated until the out of true deformation is eliminated. The compressive residual forces are induced in a surface layer zone of the work piece by a locally bounded hardening operation or a strengthening rolling operation. By appropriately varying the extent of hardening or the rolling force respectively, the magnitude and angle of any out of true deformation may be affected so as to be even completely eliminated, for example.

Abstract: In a straightening or truing operation for straightening out of true work pieces the characteristic fatigue strength or an increased fatigue strength achieved in a previous strengthening operation of the work piece to be straightened, is maintained. This is achieved by a truing operation, wherein locally bounded compressive residual stresses are induced in a surface layer zone of the work piece by a hardening operation, whereby the respective out of true deformation of the work piece is at least reduced. The truing operation may then be repeated until the out of true deformation is eliminated. The compressive residual forces are induced in a surface layer zone of the work piece by a locally bounded hardening operation or a strengthening rolling operation. By appropriately varying the extent of hardening or the rolling force respectively, the magnitude and angle of any out of true deformation may be affected so as to be even completely eliminated, for example.

Abstract: This rolling apparatus comprises tool rollers for finish or smooth rolling the bearing seats of crankshafts. Each tool roller is supported by two idler rollers along its length. In addition, the tool rollers are supported against axial displacement by glide plates. Each tool roller end is held in a recess of a respective glide plate. The recess narrows down at the roller holding end so that the respective roller can protrude only partially beyond the glide plates but sufficiently against the bearing seat to be smoothed. The glide plates are made of a material, such as brass or the like, which will protect the respective axial guide faces of the crankshaft bearing seat.

Abstract: The feed advance capacity of smoothing rollers in a smoothing rolling mill is utilized to the fullest possible extent by displacing the smoothing rollers relative to each other in the axial direction so that the facing ends of the smoothing rollers are located in different planes extending radially relative to the longitudinal, rotational axis of the work piece. The direction of rotation of one of the smoothing rollers is taken into account and the length of displacement is calculated by a formula.

Abstract: A tool for use in a lathe for truing railroad wheels comprises a plurality of cutting tools mounted on a common tool carriage. One of the tools is independently movable relative to the other tool or tools so that the rolling surface and wheel flange of a worn wheel may be trued in a single axial cutting stroke of the tool carriage. The arrangement is such that the movable tool is withdrawn after cutting at least a portion of the worn rolling surface, and another tool cuts the remaining defective stock of the rolling surface as well as the wheel flange.

Abstract: The present boring head is constructed for drilling or boring deep holes or bores of substantial axial length whereby so-called veering off from the longitudinal boring axis is to be prevented. For this purpose three cutting members are distributed about the circumference of a base in such a manner that the cutting members are located at 0.degree., 95.degree., and 190.degree. with a position tolerance of .+-.5.degree. for each cutting member relative to a polar coordinate system. At least one guide rod is arranged at an angle of 55.degree. and another guide rod is located at an angle of 305.degree.. Each guide rod position may have a tolerance of .+-.10.degree. in said polar coordinate system.

Abstract: A floating knife of a boring tool for machining the inner surfaces of cylinders, has a cutter member and a support element arranged on both sides of the floating knife. The support elements are arranged for cooperation with the respective cutter member. The support elements are arranged behind the cutter member as viewed in the feed advance direction. The support surface of the support element is spaced behind the cutter member in the floating direction of the floating knife by a spacing corresponding to the extent of the allowable yielding of the cutter member in the radial direction, whereby the cutter member is able to machine the inner surface of a cylinder even if the latter has cross-apertures in its wall because the support member limits the radial floating of the knife to a safe extent.

Abstract: The present method relates to finish boring of prebored bores in a work piece such that an operative fit with a counterpart or further work piece is achieved. The finishing of the bore may be accomplished independently of the instantaneous temperature of the work piece and of the counterpart by operating a tool carriage, for example, on a lathe, with a stepping motor controlled by a correction value computer which generates a control signal in response to a temperature difference between the work piece temperature and a reference temperature. The reference temperature may be that of the further work piece.

Abstract: A tool for use in a lathe for truing railroad wheels comprises a plurality of cutting tools mounted on a common tool carriage. One of the tools is independently movable relative to the other tool or tools so that the rolling surface and wheel flange of a worn wheel may be trued in a single axial cutting stroke of the tool carriage. The arrangement is such that the movable tool is withdrawn after cutting at least a portion of the worn rolling surface, and another tool cuts the remaining defective stock of the rolling surface as well as the wheel flange.

Abstract: A vertical boring and turning mill has a base and a rotatable table supported on the base as well as an upright frame carrying a horizontal cross beam, which in turn carries a plurality of horizontally adjustable slides or carriages. Each slide or carriage supports a vertically adjustable tool slide or support. The vertical carriages of at least two tool supports are coupled to each other in such a manner that at least two supports have a common drive and control mechanism, whereby substantial savings are achieved.