Abstract: A method for an addition reaction with the formation of an additional carbon--carbon bond comprising reacting an .alpha.-halogeno carboxylic acid derivative with an alkene in the presence of a catalyst shown by the general formula (1): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a lower alkyl group.

Abstract: Acrylic acid or water-soluble derivatives thereof can be polymerized effectively in a short time using as a polymerization initiator an inorganic acid salt or organic acid salt of 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidoxime).

Abstract: Disclosed is a DNA sequence containing a DNA segment coding for Achromobacter protease I (API) or variants thereof (referred to as T-API); a recombinant DNA constructed by introducing the DNA sequence in an expression vector so as to express the T-API; a transformant bearing the recombinant DNA; a process for producing the API which comprises cultivating the transformant, accumulating the T-API in a culture product, and recovering the same: and a protein of T-API. The cells transfected or transformed with the DNA sequence of the present invention allow for the production of a large amount of precursor protein of the T-API or the mature peptide.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing oxytitanium phthalocyanine is provided wherein the condensation reaction of o-phthalodinitrile with titanium tetrachloride is effected in an organic solvent at 170.degree. to 300.degree. C. followed by hydrolysis, the improvement wherein said organic solvent is preliminarily heated at a temperature of 160.degree. to 300.degree. C. prior to initiation of the condensation reaction. The A form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine crystal can selectively be produced in the pure state.