Abstract: A conductor terminal, including an insulating housing having a conductor insertion opening for inserting an electrical conductor in a conductor insertion direction, a busbar and a clamping spring. The clamping spring having a clamping leg, which, together with the busbar, forms a clamping point for the electrical conductor. An actuating element is movably supported in an actuating channel in the insulating housing and having an actuating section interacting with the clamping leg in such a way that the clamping leg is displaceably designed to open the clamping point during a movement of the actuating element in the direction of the clamping leg. The actuating element being transferable from an initial position into an actuating position, and the clamping point being opened in the actuating position. The actuating element being pivotably supported in a locking position in the actuating position, and being lockable in the locking position.

Abstract: A protective cover element for mounting on a contact blade of a blade contact of an electrical plug-and-socket connector projecting out of an insulating material, as well as to an electrical plug-and-socket connector with at least one such protective cover element.

Abstract: A conductor terminal with an insulating material housing, the insulating material housing having a conductor insertion opening for receiving an electrical conductor in a conductor insertion direction, with a conductor rail section, with a clamping spring, wherein the clamping spring has a clamping leg which, with the conductor rail section, forms a clamping point for the electrical conductor, with a retaining element for holding the clamping leg in an open position of the clamping point, wherein a first latching element is arranged on the clamping leg and a second latching element is arranged on the retaining element, wherein the first and second latching elements can be latched together in the open position of the clamping point, the retaining element and the clamping spring being designed as two components which are separate from one another.

Abstract: A circuit with a first buffer, a second buffer, a third buffer, a fourth buffer, a first data input for first data, a second data input for second data, a data output, and control logic is disclosed. The control logic connects the first data input to one of the buffers, connects the second data input to one of the buffers, and connects the data output to one of the buffers, swap the buffer currently connected to the first data input for a non-connected buffer when first data have been validly written through the first data input into the buffer currently connected to the first data input, swap the buffer currently connected to the second data input for the non-connected buffer when second data have been validly written through the second data input into the buffer currently connected to the second data input.

Abstract: A conductor connection terminal having several spring force clamping connections, each of which has at least one clamping spring, which form a clamping point for clamping an electrical conductor with an associated busbar piece. The invention also relates to an electrical connector having at least one such conductor connection terminal.

Abstract: A bus system, a method for operating a bus system and a participant of a bus system are provided. The participant includes a timer and a transceiver circuit. The transceiver circuit is configured to receive a data packet having a time stamp value via a bus. The timer is configured for synchronization, based on the time stamp value. The timer is configured to change the time stamp value. The transceiver circuit is configured to transmit the data packet with the changed time stamp value via the bus.

Abstract: A method for optimizing data transmission in an automation system between a control device and at least one cloud system, as well as to a corresponding control device, a corresponding cloud system, and a control system. The method includes at least the following steps: determining a data transmission characteristic of at least one transmission path that is available for data transmission by means of a first and/or a second determination component; analyzing whether the data to be transmitted can be transmitted, based on the data transmission characteristic determined; selecting at least one action from a set of actions in order to adapt the data to be transmitted and/or the transmission path if the data to be transmitted cannot be transmitted, so as to allow the data transmission; and performing the at least one selected action.

Abstract: An I/O module comprising an input interface, designed for connection to at least one sensor for input of an input signal, and/or an output interface, designed for connection to at least one actuator for output of an output signal, with a data interface for connection to a sub-bus for the transmission of an input datum and/or output datum, and with a control unit connected to the data interface and connected to the input interface and/or the output interface, wherein the control unit is set up to process the input datum and/or output datum and exchange it via the data interface, wherein the control unit is further set up to store a predetermined input value and/or output value which replaces the input datum and/or output datum.

Abstract: A conductor connection terminal with at least one spring-loaded clamping connection for connecting an electrical conductor via a spring-loaded clamping. The spring-loaded clamping connection has at least one clamping point for clamping the electrical conductor which is formed with a clamping leg of a clamping spring. The conductor connection terminal has a manual actuating element which, as a result of manual actuation, can be moved from at least a closed position, in which the clamping point is closed, to an open position, in which the clamping point is open, and vice versa. The conductor connection terminal comprises a movably mounted control element by means of which the manual actuating element is mechanically coupled to the clamping spring, so that, as a result of manual actuation of the manual actuating element, the clamping point can be opened and closed via the control element.

Abstract: A method is described for identifying communication-ready data bus subscribers connected to a local bus. The method comprises receiving, at a local bus master, at least one data packet transmitted via the local bus, wherein the at least one data packet received at the local bus master comprises an address of a communication-ready data bus subscriber among a plurality of communication-ready data bus subscribers in the local bus, wherein the communication-ready data bus subscriber is in a sequence of communication-ready data bus subscribers, and mapping of the received address by the local bus master to a relative position of the communication-ready data bus subscriber in the sequence of communication-ready data bus subscribers in the local bus. In addition, a local bus master of the local bus is described.

Abstract: A contact insert for clamping an electric conductor to a clamping point by a clamping spring. The contact insert has a contact frame having at least one contact base and a respective lateral wall arranged at an angle to the contact base, wherein the lateral walls run substantially parallel to each other, and a receiving area is formed between the lateral walls. The clamping spring is arranged in the receiving area. The clamping spring has a contact arm, a spring bend, which adjoins the contact arm, and a clamping arm, which adjoins the spring bend. The contact arm is secured to one or both lateral walls or to at least one securing wall, which adjoins one or both lateral walls. The clamping arm is pretensioned relative to the contact base. The clamping point for the electric conductor to be clamped is formed between the clamping arm and the contact base.

Abstract: A method for networking a first time-sensitive field bus with a second time-sensitive field bus, the first time-sensitive field bus comprising a first subscriber device and having a first dedicated time domain, and the second time-sensitive field bus comprising a second subscriber device and having a second dedicated time domain. The first time domain and the second time domain being frequency-synchronized. The first and second field buses being connected to each other via a gateway. The method includes: storing a first subscriber device identifier in the memory of the gateway; storing a second subscriber device identifier in the memory of the gateway; determining a first cycle duration of the first field bus and a second cycle duration of the second field bus by the gateway at a reference time; and determining a time offset between the first and second time domain by the gateway at the reference time.

Abstract: A method for linking a first time-sensitive fieldbus to a second time-sensitive fieldbus, wherein the first time-sensitive fieldbus includes a first subscriber device and has its own first time domain and wherein the second time-sensitive fieldbus includes a second subscriber device and has its own second time domain. The first time domain and the second time domain are frequency-synchronized, wherein the first and the second fieldbuses are connected to one another by a gateway for data transmission, wherein the method determines a first cycle duration of the first time domain and a second cycle duration of the second time domain by the gateway at a reference time. A time offset is determined between the first time domain and the second time domain by the gateway at the reference time.

Abstract: A method and system for networking a first time-sensitive field bus with a second time-sensitive field bus, the first time-sensitive field bus comprising a first subscriber device and having a first dedicated time domain and the second time-sensitive field bus comprising a second subscriber device and having a second dedicated time domain, the first and the second field buses being connected to each other with the aid of a gateway for data transmission.

Abstract: An apparatus for the buffered transmission of data and a corresponding method are shown. The apparatus has a central processing unit, multiple first buffers, one or multiple second buffers and a controller configured to ascertain, in response to a first signal, which initiates a transmission of first data from the first buffers to the second buffers based on descriptor list entries, to block the ascertained first buffer for external access, to store an address of the ascertained first buffer in a parameter memory of the controller, to copy the first data from the ascertained first buffer to the second buffer, and to mark the first data as valid or invalid after the copying thereof.

Abstract: A contact element for connecting an electrical conductor and a conductor terminal with such a contact element are provided. The contact element includes a conductor insertion area in which there are two opposite first side walls, a first floor section connecting the first side walls and a first cover section opposite the first floor section. The first side walls, the first floor section and the first cover section limit a conductor insertion channel. One or both first side walls each have at least one spring tongue freed from the first floor section and the first cover section, which tongue forms a clamping point for clamping an electrical conductor by means of a spring force.

Abstract: A device is provided having a communication interface and a Fountain code decoding unit, set up to reconstruct a configuration data record from a plurality of data packets received via the communication interface, wherein the device is set up to configure or to reconfigure itself using the reconstructed configuration data record.

Abstract: A module unit for connecting a data bus participant to a local bus. The module unit has a first input interface and a first output interface which can be connected to the local bus, a first data connection interface which can be connected to the data bus participant, and a first switch which is adapted so as to assume a first or a second switch state depending on a control input from the data bus participant, connect the first input interface to the first output interface in the first switch state, and connect the first data connection interface to the first output interface in the second switch state.

Abstract: A subscriber of a wired data network, in particular of a local bus system, having internal clock generator for generating a clock generator signal having a clock generator frequency for the subscriber, a receive circuit for receiving a serial receive data stream, a processing circuit for inputting parallel receive data and for outputting parallel transmit data, and a transmit circuit for transmitting a serial transmit data stream. The receive circuit has a serial-to-parallel converter for converting serial receive data of the serial receive data stream into the parallel receive data. The receive circuit has a synchronization unit for synchronizing the internal clock generator to the data clock frequency contained in the serial receive data stream. The synchronization unit is configured for detecting transitions in the received serial receive data stream and for controlling the clock generator frequency of the internal clock generator as a function of the detected transitions.

Abstract: A conductor terminal, including at least one spring-force clamping connection for connecting an electrical conductor, the spring-force clamping connection having a busbar and a clamping spring, The clamping spring having a clamping leg, which, together with the busbar, forms a clamping point for the electrical conductor, and including an actuating element, the actuating element having a displaceably supported contact part, and the clamping point being able to be opened by a pushing movement of the contact part oriented in the direction of the clamping leg, the actuating element including an actuating part, rotatably supported around a first rotation axis and coupled with the contact part, by means of which the pushing movement of the contact part may be generated with the aid of a rotational movement of the actuating part.