Abstract: A short-retention-time blender is described for applying liquid to wood particle furnish falling freely in the form of a concentric shell through an upright cylindrical housing. The particles are fed into the center of a rotating disk within the cylindrical housing. The disk deflects the furnish radially outward against a flared deflector surface. This surface deflects the furnish directly downward substantially in the form of a uniform concentric hollow shell. Inverted conical atomizer disks are rotated on the axis of the housing to produce annular atomized spray patterns of liquid, directed outwardly against the falling furnish.

Abstract: When Cytospora sp. is subjected to aerobic fermentation a number of new antibiotics are produced. Methods of production, recovery and purification of these antibiotics are described and some of their antimicrobial properties are described.

Abstract: An apparatus for breaking up clumps of particulate material into an even dispersion entrained within an airstream. It includes an elongated vortex tube that is open to an intake of a radial blade blower. The opposite end of the vortex tube includes a coaxial choke orifice. Particulate material is fed into the vortex tube through a tangential chute at a location adjacent the one vortex tube end. In operation, a pair of coaxial helical or vortex airstreams are formed within the vortex tube, one contained within the other. The outer vortex includes a directional component directed outward from the blower intake, while the inner vortex feeds toward the blower intake and blower blades. Material fed through the chute is received tangentially within the first outer vortex and is drawn in the outward direction. As its velocity drops, it meets the interface between the two concentric vortices.