Abstract: An improvement in a nuclear fuel rod is disclosed. The improved fuel rod includes a cladding tube, a plurality of fuel pellets stacked within the cladding tube, and a liquid material filling the gap between the fuel pellets and the cladding tube. The liquid material is selected from those having a thermal conductivity higher than that of helium, a melting point lower than about 400° C., a boiling point higher than 1600° C., and which are capable of wetting both the fuel pellets and the cladding sufficient to form a protective layer over the pellets and to wick into openings that may form in the cladding.

Abstract: A method for detecting a leak in a cladding tube in a nuclear reactor is described. The method is well-suited for use in a reactor having a plurality of cladding tubes housed in a plurality of linearly arranged channels for flowing coolant past the cladding tubes. The method includes monitoring the channels for the occurrence of an increase in radiation above a selected base line indicative of the presence of at least one fission product in the coolant in at least one of the plurality of channels, and monitoring the channels for the occurrence of time dependent changes in the strength of radiation in the coolant above the base line along the length of the at least one of the plurality of channels. The leak location is calculated by triangulating the radiation readings from a fixed linear array of detectors positioned adjacent to the channels to determine the location of the strongest radiation reading and the location along the length of the channel where the increase in radiation occurred.

Abstract: The single rod ultrasonic leak detection tool will be used to detect leaking fuel rods by evaluation if there is water inside the rod. The test will be performed by moving one fuel rod between two ultrasonic transducer oriented in a pitch/catch configuration. The detection tool uses ultrasonic transducers as the primary method to detect leaking fuel rods. Two probes are preferably positioned near the fuel rod in a pitch/catch or transmitting/receiving configuration. One probe 36 sends the signal into the rod and the other probe of a set of probes receives the signal. An evaluation of the received signal is performed in various embodiments, to determine leak tightness of the fuel rod. In various aspects, two sets of probes may be utilized so that measurements can be taken on both sides of the fuel rod.

Abstract: A method of forming a water resistant boundary on a fissile material for use in a water cooled nuclear reactor is described. The method comprises mixing a powdered fissile material selected from the group consisting of UN and U3Si2 with an additive selected from oxidation resistant materials having a melting or softening point lower than the sintering temperature of the fissile material, pressing the mixed fissile and additive materials into a pellet, sintering the pellet to a temperature greater than the melting point of the additive.

Abstract: A process for treating highly localized carcinoma cells that provides precise positioning of a therapeutic source of highly ionizing but weakly penetrating radiation, which can be shaped so that it irradiates essentially only the volume of the tumor. The intensity and duration of the radiation produced by the source can be activated and deactivated by controlling the neutron flux generated by an array of electrically controlled neutron generators positioned outside the body being treated. The energy of the neutrons that interact with the source element can be adjusted to optimize the reaction rate of the ionized radiation production by utilizing neutron moderating material between the neutron generator array and the body. The source device may be left in place and reactivated as needed to ensure the tumor is eradicated without exposing the patient to any additional radiation between treatments. The source device may be removed once treatment is completed.

Abstract: A panel that uses the gamma radiation emitted by fission to produce electrical power. The panel includes layers of a metal with a relatively high atomic number (Z), that form an emitter, a high temperature electrical resistor, and an electrical conductor with a relatively low Z value, that forms a collector. The gamma radiation emitted during the fission process produces Compton and photoelectrical electrons in the layer of the Emitter located between the reactor Baffle and the fuel assemblies. The electrons that have sufficient energy to penetrate the resistor layer between the emitter layer and the collector layer will be stopped in the collector. This creates a substantial voltage difference between the emitter and the collector. This voltage difference may be used to produce significant electric power both during reactor operations and with the reactor shutdown to meaningfully augment the electricity produced by the turbine generators.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for storing thermal energy by flowing a heat transfer medium horizontally over and between a plurality of relatively thin concrete plates in parallel flow paths.

Abstract: A sensor system for a fuel rod including a fuel pellet stack, the sensor system including a wireless interrogator disposed outside the fuel rod and a passive sensor component disposed within the fuel rod. The passive sensor component includes a receiver structured to receive an interrogation signal and output an excitation signal in response to receiving the interrogation signal, a reference transmitter structured to output a reference signal to the reference receiver in response to the excitation signal, a sensing transmitter structured to output a sensing signal to the sensing receiver in response to the excitation signal, and a core at least partially disposed within the sensing transmitter and coupled to move in conjunction with expansion or contraction of the fuel pellet stack, to move based on changes in pressure within the fuel rod, or to change temperature based on temperature changes within the fuel rod.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transmitter device comprising a neutron detector structured to generate electrical current from neutron flux, and an oscillator circuit comprising an electrostatic switch electrically connected to the neutron detector, wherein the electrostatic switch is moveable based on the neutron detector. The transmitter device further comprises an antenna electrically connected with the electrostatic switch. The oscillator circuit is structured to pulse the antenna based on the neutron detector, wherein a period between pulses is related to the neutron flux. The antenna is structured to emit a signal corresponding to a number of characteristic values of the oscillator circuit.

Abstract: A method and a system for performing real-time, continuous, measurements of the boron concentration in the water entering a nuclear reactor coolant system. The invention utilizes knowledge of the impact that boron contained in liquid water has on the attenuation of acoustic or ultrasonic waves. This information, coupled with radiation damage resistant and high temperature operability capable transmitter and receiver equipment, provides the means to place the measurement system sensors and signal processing electronics on the reactor coolant system charging flow piping or the hot leg or cold leg of the reactor coolant loop. This will allow the reactor operator to directly monitor both the reactor coolant system boron concentration value and detect changes in the reactor coolant system boron concentration relative to a reference value as they occur.

Abstract: A delivery device that is usable in a laser peening operation emits a columnar flow of a fluid that contains therein a beam of electromagnetic energy. The beam is retained within the interior of the flow of fluid since the total internal reflectivity of the flow is sufficient to do so. The flow of fluid that serves as a conduit for the beam also itself impinges on a workpiece and thus contains and washes away the plasma that forms from a laser peening operation, and this resists the plasma from reaching and possibly damaging the delivery device. The carrying of the beam in the columnar flow of fluid avoids the need to maintain a fixed distance between the delivery device and the workpiece, which simplifies the movement by a robotic manipulator of the delivery device along a non-planar surface of a workpiece during a laser peening operation.

Abstract: A nuclear reactor containment atmospheric filter system includes dedicated piping, valves, a control system, and a chemical injection system. An outlet of the piping can release atmospheric effluent from a reactor containment vessel into a lower portion of a spent fuel pool. The chemical injection system can release a chemical into the spent fuel pool to facilitate a reaction with the released atmospheric effluent. The reaction can assist in neutering deleterious environmental impact of the atmospheric effluent. The filter system can filter and cool contaminated air and steam vapor released from the reactor containment vessel, and prevent vessel overpressure and radioactive release.

Abstract: Arrangements and devices for reducing and/or preventing wear of a thermal sleeve in a nuclear reactor are disclosed. Arrangements include a first structure provided on or in one the thermal sleeve and a second structure provided on or in the head penetration adapter. At least a portion of the first structure and at least another portion of the second structure interact to resist, reduce, and/or prevent rotation of the thermal sleeve about its central axis relative to the head penetration adapter. Devices include a base for coupling to a guide tube of the reactor and a plurality of protruding members extending upward from the base. Each member having a portion for engaging a corresponding portion of a guide funnel of the thermal sleeve.

Abstract: A moveable sludge lance said moveable sludge lance having duel lance heads passed through handholes in the side of a nuclear steam generator and into a central tube lane having a central stay rod which cleans with high pressure fluid through the row 1 tubes in the tube lane, where the distance between the dual lance heads is wide enough to allow the dual lance heads to extend beyond the central stay rod.

Abstract: An apparatus and method to remotely perform automated piping and piping attachment weld inspections. The apparatus has two spaced positioning arms that rotate out from one side of a frame structure and a kicker arm that rotates out from an opposite side of the frame structure at a location between the two positioning arms. The positioning arms and the kicker arm wedge the frame structure between an object to be scanned and an opposing structure. A scanning subassembly supported on the frame structure is configured to pivot and move in an appropriate direction and to pilot a transducer around the surface of the object to be scanned.

Abstract: A means for installing material, through a fuel assembly instrument thimble insert, into the existing instrument thimbles in nuclear fuel assemblies for the purpose of allowing the material to be converted to commercially valuable quantities of desired radioisotopes during reactor power operations during a remainder of a fuel cycle and removing the radioisotopes from the core through the reactor flange opening once the fuel assemblies have been removed for refueling. The invention also describes methods that can be used to harvest the irradiated material so it can be packaged for transportation from the reactor to a location where the desired radioisotope(s) can be extracted from the fuel assembly instrument thimble insert.

Abstract: A tool for reforming printed circuit board backplane connector pins on a rod control system. The pin reforming tool of this invention is aligned into a card cage using existing card guides and locates itself around the backplane connector. The tool uses a uniquely designed die (that can be set up for one or multiple pin applications) that precisely engages into the connector and around the pin or pins to be reformed, with the assistance of a zig zag alignment guide matched specifically for the pin spacing. A consistent reforming force is applied via a force applicator structured to provide a force of a preselected magnitude.

Abstract: A manipulator configured to navigate a heat exchanger including a plurality of tubes extending through a tubesheet is disclosed herein, the manipulator including a first end effector, a second end effector, and an articulation assembly. The first end effector is configured to accommodate an instrument configured to service the heat exchanger and includes a first actuator configured to extend a first gripper into a tube of the plurality of tubes. The second end effector includes a second actuator configured to extend a second gripper into a tube of the plurality of tubes. The first and second gripper are configured to secure the manipulator to the tubesheet, and, when the second gripper is securing the manipulator to the tubesheet, the articulation assembly is configured to enable the first end effector to move relative to the second end effector in a plane that is parallel to the tubesheet.

Abstract: Arrangements and devices for reducing and/or preventing wear of a thermal sleeve in a nuclear reactor are disclosed. Arrangements include a first structure provided on or in one the thermal sleeve and a second structure provided on or in the head penetration adapter. At least a portion of the first structure and at least another portion of the second structure interact to resist, reduce, and/or prevent rotation of the thermal sleeve about its central axis relative to the head penetration adapter. Devices include a base for coupling to a guide tube of the reactor and a plurality of protruding members extending upward from the base. Each member having a portion for engaging a corresponding portion of a guide funnel of the thermal sleeve.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for pressurizing SiC clad rods of a nuclear core component. A lower end of the rod is sealed with a lower end plug and an upper end of the rod is sealed between the cladding and an external piece of an upper end plug that has a through opening through which a separate internal piece of the upper end plug extends. The internal piece of the upper end plug is initially moveable within the through opening between an upper position that forms a gas tight seal and a lower position that forms a gaseous path through the through opening. The rod is placed in a pressure chamber pressurized to a desired pressure. When the pressure is reduced within the pressure chamber the internal pressure in the rod biases the internal piece of the upper end plug in the upper sealed position.