Abstract: A false color composite image is created by assigning mid infrared data from three time-spaced images of an area of interest to corresponding RGB color components for the false color composite image. The RGB color components for the false color composite image are then converted into color space data and classified into a number of color classes. An age is assigned to the color classes to create a classified image of age classes of the area of interest.

Abstract: A composite wood product and methods for manufacturing the same and determining the concentration and distribution of an organic biocide within a composite wood product are provided. The organic biocide may be added to wood elements (i.e., fibers, flakes, strands, veneers) prior to consolidation and/or heating of the wood particles to form the composite wood product. A tracer additive may be mixed with the biocide, or applied separately to the furnish which is used to produce the composite wood product. The tracer additive may be detected via, for example, x-ray fluorescence. An amount of tracer additive detected may correlate to an amount of organic biocide within the wood elements and/or the composite wood product.

Abstract: A wet-laid wood pulp product containing cellulose pulp fibers and elongate precipitated calcium carbonate having a diameter of 0.015 to 0.6 microns at its maximum diameter and a length of 1 to 10 microns and the calcium carbonate being incorporated within the sheet and a method for making the product.

Abstract: A web comprising a layer of crosslinked cellulosic fiber overlaid on and integral with at least one layer of regenerated cellulose fiber. The crosslinked cellulosic fiber can be sandwiched between two regenerated cellulose fiber layers. The regenerated cellulose can be viscose or lyocell.

Abstract: A cement product incorporating nanocrystalline cellulose and cellulose fiber throughout the product and a method of making the product.

Abstract: Lignocellulosic biomass materials are fractionated by dissolving at least a portion of the lignocellulosic material in an ionic liquid and separating the resulting mixture into a cellulose-enriched fraction and/or a lignin-enriched fraction. The cellulose-enriched fraction contains about 10 percentage points more glucose than the weight percent glucose contained in the original lignocellulosic biomass material. In certain embodiments, the lignin-enriched fraction includes a lignin content that is 5 percentage points greater than the weight percent lignin present in the original lignocellulosic material. The techniques used to isolate the cellulose-enriched fractions and/or the lignin-enriched fractions from the ionic liquid mixture do not employ environmentally unfriendly solvents.

Abstract: A wet-laid wood pulp product containing cellulose pulp fibers and elongate precipitated calcium carbonate having a diameter of 0.015 to 0.6 microns at its maximum diameter and a length of 1 to 10 microns and the calcium carbonate being incorporated within the sheet and a method for making the product.

Abstract: A method of making a web comprising a layer of airlaid pulp or synthetic material overlaying and fastened to at least one layer of regenerated cellulose fiber. The method can also provide a product in which the airlaid pulp or synthetic material can be sandwiched between two regenerated cellulose fiber layers. The regenerated cellulose can be viscose or lyocell.

Abstract: A web comprising a layer of airlaid pulp or synthetic material overlaying and fastened to at least one layer of regenerated cellulose fiber. The airlaid fluff or synthetic material can be sandwiched between two regenerated cellulose fiber layers. The regenerated cellulose can be viscose or lyocell.

Abstract: A method for making a web comprising a layer of crosslinked cellulosic fiber overlaid on and fastened to at least one layer of regenerated cellulose fiber. In one method the crosslinked cellulosic fiber is be sandwiched between two regenerated cellulose fiber layers. The regenerated cellulose can be viscose or lyocell or be made from several solvents.

Abstract: A harvester (20) is provided. The harvester includes a frame (22) having selectively positionable wheels, a plant transport apparatus (24) disposed on the frame, and a seedling conveyor (26) positioned adjacent the plant transport apparatus and positioned to transfer seedlings along a conveyor axis that extends between the plant transport apparatus and a storage bin. The harvester also includes a root soil remover (28) positioned adjacent the seedling conveyor. The root soil remover includes a plurality of flexible probes selectively positioned during operation of the harvester such that at least one of the plurality of flexible probes is in functional contact with a root end of a seedling being transported by the seedling conveyor, wherein motion of the root soil remover is initiated by at least a portion of the seedling passing through the plurality of flexible probes.

Abstract: A false color composite image is created by assigning mid infrared data from three time-spaced images of an area of interest to corresponding RGB color components for the false color composite image. The RGB color components for the false color composite image are then converted into color space data and classified into a number of color classes. An age is assigned to the color classes to create a classified image of age classes of the area of interest.

Abstract: Methods for patterning a conductor through oxidation are provided. Devices fabricated using the method include organic transistors having a gate electrode and dielectric layer patterned by the method, source and drain electrodes, and an organic semiconducting layer.

Abstract: Methods are described for predicting the percentage of latewood and specific gravity of lumber independent of moisture content using image analysis of the lumber surfaces.

Abstract: A system for identifying forest stands within an area of interest that are exhibiting abnormal growth determines a relationship between vegetation index (VI) values determined from a first and a second image of the area of interest. From the relationship, an expected or predicted VI value for each forest stand is determined and compared with the actual VI value computed for the forest stand from the first image. Those forest stands with a difference between the actual and predicted VI values that exceed a threshold are identified as exhibiting abnormal growth.

Abstract: The disclosure includes lignin mixed esters comprising first ester groups and second ester groups wherein the number of carbon atoms in the first ester group differs from the number of carbon atoms in the second ester group by 3 or more and processes of making the same. The unique thermal glass transition temperature properties of such lignin mixed esters are described.

Abstract: The disclosure includes warm resistant wooden beams and methods of manufacturing. In one embodiment, wooden beams having opposing major surfaces covered by hydrophobic polymeric films exhibit dry surface friction values of about 3.0-20 lbs. and blocking values of about 0-150 lbs. Specific hydrophobic polymeric films include polyethylene and polypropylene films.

Abstract: A system for filling in and/or replacing pixel data in a target image uses pixel data from a source image. In one embodiment, the pixel data in the source image are classified and boundaries of local class areas or groups of similarly classified pixels are determined. The pixel data in the local class areas are compared to determine one or more scaling factors. The missing pixel data or data to be replaced in the target image is obtained from the source image and scaled with the one or more scaling factors.

Abstract: Dielectric layer pinholes in OFET structures are addressed through the addition of a high-K dielectric layer to eliminate the effects of shorts in the dielectric layer. The original dielectric layer is maintained such that the semiconductor/dielectric interface remains unchanged. The high-K dielectric layer contributes material to the gate dielectric to plug up pinholes in the original dielectric, but does not contribute significant capacitance due to the high dielectric constant of the additional dielectric layer. The incidence of pinholes in the dielectric layer is reduced without significantly affecting the performance of the OFET transistor.

Abstract: An OFET includes a thick dielectric layer with openings in the active region of a transistor. After the field dielectric layer is formed, semiconductor ink is dropped in the active region cavities in the field dielectric layer, forming the semiconductor layer. The ink is bounded by the field dielectric layer walls. After the semiconductor layer is annealed, dielectric ink is dropped into the same cavities. As with the semiconductor ink, the field dielectric wall confines the flow of the dielectric ink. The confined flow causes the dielectric ink to pool into the cavity, forming a uniform layer within the cavity, and thereby decreasing the probability of pinhole shorting. After the dielectric is annealed, a gate layer covers the active region thereby completing a high performance OFET structure.