Abstract: Proposed is a highly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy including one or more components selected from among 0.1 wt. % or less (except for 0 wt. %) of Cu, 0.15 wt. % or less (except for 0 wt. %) of Si, 0.2 wt. % or less (except for 0 wt. %) of Fe, 0.9 to 1.5 wt. % of Mn, 0.03 to 0.15 wt. % of Ti, 0.03 to 0.15 wt. % of Cr, and 0.03 to 0.15 wt. % of Zr, and the remaining proportion of aluminum (Al) and unavoidable impurities. The highly corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy contains Ti, Cr, and Zr in a predetermined weight ratio or in equal weight percentages (wt. %), thereby exhibiting improved corrosion resistance in a saline water environment while exhibiting excellent levels in tensile strength and yield strength.

Abstract: A plant cultivation system. The system utilizes a trolley conveyor for transport of plants in plant containers. The trolley conveyor uses straight runs of track connected by curved track portions. The straight runs of track of the trolley conveyor are spaced closely together. The trolley conveyor is used to move plant containers to a workshop for planting, fertilization, watering, cultivation, and harvesting of plants or portions thereof, and for packaging of plants or portions thereof for shipment.

Abstract: A plant hanger assembly having multiple level plant trays, useful for growing plants in an upright configuration is provided for use with a trolley conveyor. A plurality of plant trays of selected size and shape are provided spaced apart along a vertical axis. A vertical support shaft has an upper end and a lower end. The plant trays may be circular in shape, with sloping sidewalls. The sloping sidewalls may be angled out sufficiently that the plant trays can be stacked in a nested configuration for storage. The plant trays include a base having grooved channels for transfer of water on the obverse side, and reinforcing ribs for strength, on the reverse side. Apertures between the obverse side and the reverse side allow excess water in an upper plant tray to drain downward into a plant tray therebelow. Shaft couplers are provided, with attachment rings or pins, to securely join the plant trays to the vertical support shaft.

Abstract: A coupler for connecting a trailer to a ball hitch. The coupler has a body that provides a cavity for a downwardly facing ball hitch receiver. Spaced apart first and second sidewalls have therein first, second, and third apertures, and the first, second and third apertures in the first sidewall are aligned with the first, second, and third apertures in the second sidewall. A latch handle having a base with ear portions having downwardly facing surfaces is pivotally connected to the body using a pivot shaft pin. The body includes a latch slot, in which a spring biased ball latch, sized and shaped for engagement with a ball hitch is connected to the latch handle by a latch bar. A safety pin is provided, which can be inserted through the third apertures in each of the first and second sidewalls. When inserted, the latch handle is secured in an uplock condition, so that downward closing motion of the latch handle is arrested by the downward facing surfaces at the ear portions of the latch handle.

Abstract: A coupler for connecting a trailer to a ball hitch. The coupler has a body that provides a cavity for a downwardly facing ball hitch receiver. Spaced apart first and second sidewalls have therein first, second, and third apertures, and the first, second and third apertures in the first sidewall are aligned with the first, second, and third apertures in the second sidewall. A latch handle having a base with ear portions having downwardly facing surfaces is pivotally connected to the body using a pivot shaft pin. The body includes a latch slot, in which a spring biased ball latch, sized and shaped for engagement with a ball hitch is connected to the latch handle by a latch bar. A safety pin is provided, which can be inserted through the third apertures in each of the first and second sidewalls. When inserted, the latch handle is secured in an uplock condition, so that downward closing motion of the latch handle is arrested by the downward facing surfaces at the ear portions of the latch handle.

Abstract: A plant hanger assembly having multiple level plant trays, useful for growing plants in an upright configuration is provided for use with a trolley conveyor. A plurality of plant trays of selected size and shape are provided spaced apart along a vertical axis. A vertical support shaft has an upper end and a lower end. The plant trays may be circular in shape, with sloping sidewalls. The sloping sidewalls may be angled out sufficiently that the plant trays can be stacked in a nested configuration for storage. The plant trays include a base having grooved channels for transfer of water on the obverse side, and reinforcing ribs for strength, on the reverse side. Apertures between the obverse side and the reverse side allow excess water in an upper plant tray to drain downward into a plant tray therebelow. Shaft couplers are provided, with attachment rings or pins, to securely join the plant trays to the vertical support shaft.

Abstract: A plant support cage assembly useful for growing plants in an upright configuration is provided for use with a trolley conveyor. A plurality of vertical support elements of selected length are provided spaced apart circumferentially about a vertical axis. Vertical support elements have an upper end and a lower end. At least some vertical support elements include an inwardly sloping lower portion. A plant container receiving portion is formed in part by the inwardly sloping lower portions vertical support elements, and by one or more plant container retaining hoops which are sized and shaped for receiving and containing therein a plant container of complementary size and shape. Coupling bars are provided affixed to and crossing under the plant container receiving portion, and extending outward therefrom for use in containment of plant stems. A plurality of hoop elements are provided, horizontally oriented and spaced apart vertically, and each affixed to at least some of the vertical support elements.

Abstract: A coupler for connecting a trailer to a ball hitch. The coupler has a body that provides a cavity for a downwardly facing ball hitch receiver. Spaced apart first and second sidewalls have therein first, second, and third apertures, and the first, second and third apertures in the first sidewall are aligned with the first, second, and third apertures in the second sidewall. A latch handle having a base with ear portions having downwardly facing surfaces is pivotally connected to the body using a pivot shaft pin. The body includes a latch slot, in which a spring biased ball latch, sized and shaped for engagement with a ball hitch is connected to the latch handle by a latch bar. A safety pin is provided, which can be inserted through the third apertures in each of the first and second sidewalls. When inserted, the latch handle is secured in an uplock condition, so that downward closing motion of the latch handle is arrested by the downward facing surfaces at the ear portions of the latch handle.

Abstract: A coupler for connecting a trailer to a ball hitch. The coupler has a body that provides a cavity for a downwardly facing ball hitch receiver. Spaced apart first and second sidewalls have therein first, second, and third apertures, and the first, second and third apertures in the first sidewall are aligned with the first, second, and third apertures in the second sidewall. A latch handle having a base with ear portions having downwardly facing surfaces is pivotally connected to the body using a pivot shaft pin. The body includes a latch slot, in which a spring biased ball latch, sized and shaped for engagement with a ball hitch is connected to the latch handle by a latch bar. A safety pin is provided, which can be inserted through the third apertures in each of the first and second sidewalls. When inserted, the latch handle is secured in an uplock condition, so that downward closing motion of the latch handle is arrested by the downward facing surfaces at the ear portions of the latch handle.

Abstract: An automatic cart transport system. A track located in a factory working floor provides a trackway for an endless flexible conveyor chain. A plurality of chain units including a first chain portion having vertical rollers and a second chain portion having horizontal rollers are flexibly coupled, and the chain is advanced along the trackway by a drive motor. The chain units support thereabove, but within the track, a coupling plate having therein an aperture for accepting and capturing a chain connection shaft which is detachably connected to a cart. The cart is automatically towed along a defined pathway on the working floor of a factory by the chain, when connected to the coupling plate on the endless flexible conveyor chain.

Abstract: A chain driving sprocket for a trolley conveyor. The chain drive sprocket includes a disc shaped central body, chain rings including a first sprocket ring and a second sprocket ring. The first sprocket ring and the second sprocket ring are each removably affixable to the disc shaped central body. The first and second sprocket rings are each provided with spaced apart teeth pairs having a curved surface therebetween, sized and shaped to receive a horizontal shaft in a vertical roller unit of the trolley conveyor, for driving the chain of a trolley conveyor. The disc shaped central body further includes curved rectangular shaped protrusions which extend radially outward on the circumferential surface of the disc shaped body. The chain rings are configured to be interchangeably coupled to each of the two sides of the disc shaped central body, thereby reducing manufacturing cost and reducing maintenance costs, since the chain rings may be replaced when the teeth pairs wear.

Abstract: A trolley conveyor. The trolley conveyor includes: a tubular rail track having a slotted opening at the top. A trolley chain installed to move in the rail track. A hanger is provided for suspending therebelow objects to be transported. The hanger includes a connector at the upper end thereof which extends downward to toward the center of the trolley chain. The trolley chain includes vertical and horizontal rollers in chain units, with vertical rollers in one chain unit and horizontal rollers in an adjacent chain unit. The chain units are pivotally connected for up and down and side to side motion within the track. While the trolley chain moves, the connector avoids contact with the ends of the slot in the track. Thus, the trolley conveyor prevents the generation of noise and foreign substances. Also, the trolley conveyor prevents transfer of dirt, oil, and debris to an object being transported.

Abstract: A chain driving sprocket for a trolley conveyor. The chain drive sprocket includes a disc shaped central body, chain rings including a first sprocket ring and a second sprocket ring. The first sprocket ring and the second sprocket ring are each removably affixable to the disc shaped central body. The first and second sprocket rings are each provided with spaced apart teeth pairs having a curved surface therebetween, sized and shaped to receive a horizontal shaft in a vertical roller unit of the trolley conveyor, for driving the chain of a trolley conveyor. The disc shaped central body further includes curved rectangular shaped protrusions which extend radially outward on the circumferential surface of the disc shaped body. The chain rings are configured to be interchangeably coupled to each of the two sides of the disc shaped central body, thereby reducing manufacturing cost and reducing maintenance costs, since the chain rings may be replaced when the teeth pairs wear.

Abstract: A connector block for connection between first chain units and second chain units which alternately form portions of a conveyor chain. The connector block is provided using a first block body and a second block body each formed into a U-shaped metal plate. Each block body includes a base plate and side plates, and tabs formed at distal ends of side plates. Tabs are configured for interfitting placement in depressions formed in the base plate of the opposing block body. Side plates of the first block body and side plates of the second block body, are sized, shaped, and joined in secure interlocking engagement, and wherein the first tab receiving depressions each securely position therein a second tab bent for interfitting engagement therewith, and wherein the second tab receiving depressions each securely position therein a first tab bent for interfitting engagement therewith.

Abstract: An automatic cart transport system. A track located in a factory working floor provides a trackway for an endless flexible conveyor chain. A plurality of chain units including a first chain portion having vertical rollers and a second chain portion having horizontal rollers are flexibly coupled, and the chain is advanced along the trackway by a drive motor. The chain units support thereabove, but within the track, a coupling plate having therein an aperture for accepting and capturing a chain connection shaft which is detachably connected to a cart. The cart is automatically towed along a defined pathway on the working floor of a factory by the chain, when connected to the coupling plate on the endless flexible conveyor chain.

Abstract: A plant cultivation system for a plant factory that cultivates plants. The plant factory has a building with roof and walls, which may be in the form of a greenhouse with a roof and windows that may be opened and closed. A plant factory using the plant cultivation system cultivates plants for harvest and/or sale. The plant factory plant utilizes a trolley conveyor for transport of plants in plant containers. The trolley conveyor uses straight runs of track connected by curved track portions. The straight runs of track of the trolley conveyor are spaced closely together with space only provided for passage of plant containers in a side by side fashion, as no room for workers is necessary. The plant containers take the plant containers to workers in a workshop for planting, cultivation, harvesting of plants or portions thereof, and packaging of plants or portions thereof for shipment. As a result, labor is minimized, and the productivity of the plant factory is increased.

Abstract: A trolley conveyor. The trolley conveyor includes: a tubular rail track having a slotted opening at the top. A trolley chain installed to move in the rail track. A hanger is provided for suspending therebelow objects to be transported. The hanger includes a connector at the upper end thereof which extends downward to toward the center of the trolley chain. The trolley chain includes vertical and horizontal rollers in chain units, with vertical rollers in one chain unit and horizontal rollers in an adjacent chain unit. The chain units are pivotally connected for up and down and side to side motion within the track. While the trolley chain moves, the connector avoids contact with the ends of the slot in the track. Thus, the trolley conveyor prevents the generation of noise and foreign substances. Also, the trolley conveyor prevents transfer of dirt, oil, and debris to an object being transported.

Abstract: A plant workshop system for a plant factory that cultivates plants. The plant workshop is disposed adjacent to one or more plant factories that cultivate plants for harvest and/or sale. The workshop includes a building structure having a roof and walls that form an environmental enclosure. A work bench is provided. The adjacent plant factory plant utilizes a trolley conveyor for transport of plants in plant containers. The trolley conveyor is provided with a portion of the trolley conveyor track that enters the workshop, runs adjacent to or over the work bench, and then exits the workshop, thus bringing plants to the work bench for planting, pruning, harvesting, or packaging activities by a worker. Air curtains are provided at the entrance and exit points of the trolley conveyor. A vacuum system is provided for use by the worker in cleaning plant containers. A lubrication oil system is provided for use in providing edible lubrication oil to moving parts of the trolley conveyor.

Abstract: A brake actuating apparatus includes a caliper body with a cylinder. An electric motor is fixed to the caliper body. A piston is installed in the cylinder. A plug and a rotational shaft are installed in the cylinder to be rotated by the motor. A head is attached to the rotational shaft and the plug defines a fluid-receiving space. The rotation of head varies the volume of a fluid contained in the fluid-receiving space, thereby moving the piston.

Abstract: A brake actuating apparatus includes a caliper body with a cylinder. An electric motor is fixed to the caliper body. A piston is installed in the cylinder. A plug and a rotational shaft are installed in the cylinder to be rotated by the motor. A head is attached to the rotational shaft and the plug defines a fluid-receiving space. The rotation of head varies the volume of a fluid contained in the fluid-receiving space, thereby moving the piston.