Abstract: Multiple out-of-plane planar reflectors can be used to build a receive/transmit high-gain directional antenna. The driver portion and the first reflector of the antenna are formed within a metal layer of a PWB. A plurality of sets of reflector plates can be placed on the PWB, on a non-conductive low-dielectric constant material coating both opposing planar surfaces of the PWB, or on the opposing sidewalls of the product housing unit. The metal layer in the PWB is placed between the reflector plates. The plates can have either a parallel or non-parallel orientation to each another. This greatly increase the received power and thus increases the operating range of a low-power UWB system, as well as significantly improves wireless data transmission throughput. This antenna is applicable for USB communications systems.

Abstract: A variable amplifier with adjustable current to correct for DC offset. The variable amplifier includes a zero function, allowing for zeroing of some amplifiers in an amplifier chain during correction for DC offset of another amplifier in an amplifier chain. In some embodiments selectable current injection is provided to an amplifier chain in conjunction with signals from selectable mixers.

Abstract: Methods and systems using a Gray-like labeled QAM cross-constellation are disclosed. In some embodiments a Gray-like labeled QAM cross-constellation is used in wireless communication systems.