Abstract: A smectic A composition with the positive dielectric anisotropy exhibiting a monolayer smectic A structure (SmA1), which shows a phase transition from a smectic A phase to an isotropic phase (SmA-Iso) or a phase transition from a smectic A phase through a nematic phase to an isotropic phase (SmA-N-Iso) and includes at least two fluorinated compounds selected from the families of fluorinated derivatives of biphenyls and terphenyls expressed by the general formulae 1-12. For ensuring of the high level of the conductivity the composition is doped with the ionic amidynium salts and/or the ionic potassium complexes of the crown ethers wherein the charge on the cation is delocalized. Such a structure of the ionic compound ensures the better solubility in the liquid crystalline fluorinated composition in comparison to that observed for quaternary ammonium salts.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is a measurement method and a system for measurement of an amplitudes ratio of two first harmonics of a signal obtained from the Sagnac fibre-optic inter-ferometer system as well as the Sagnac fibre-optic system, and an application of the said system to measure the amplitude ratio of two first harmonics obtained from the Sagnac fibre-optic system and the Sagnac fibre-optic interferometer system for detection of rotational movements, in particular seismic rotational movements and rotational movements of structures.

Abstract: A novel liquid crystalline carbonate and the mixture containing the same: wherein R3 is an alkyl (H2n+1Cn) or an alkenyl (H2n?1Cn) group, each of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, the ring A is laterally unsubstituted benzene or pyridine or pyrimidine or trans-substituted cyclohexane ring, symbol r is 0 to 2; the lateral substituents: X2, X3, X4 and X5 in the benzene rings represent independently hydrogen or fluorine or chlorine atoms, X1 is hydrogen or fluorine atom and simultaneously at least one of the substituents: X2, X3 and X4 is fluorine or chlorine atoms, Y is an alkyl or an alkyloxy or an alkenyl or an alkenyloxy group, each of 1 to 12 carbon atoms or hydrogen or fluorine or chlorine atom or NCS group are described.

Abstract: The racemic and chiral compounds expressed by common formula 1 and formula 2: wherein the lateral substituents X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7 and X8 in the benzene rings represent independently hydrogen and fluorine atoms, bridge group Z represent independently the single bond or COO, CH2CH2, CH2O and OCH2 group, substituent Y represents CH3, or CH2F, CHF2, CF3, C2H5 group, symbols n, m, r and t are independently integers of 1 to 8; symbols p and s signify independently number of 0 to 1 and its orthoconic antiferroelectric long helical pitch mixtures prepared by the methods 1) to the racemic components selected from compounds 1 are added chiral components selected from the compound of formula 1 and/or chiral components selected from the compounds of formula 2 and/or another optically active compounds with high helical twisting power, 2) to chiral compound 1 which helical pitches increases with the temperature increase is added chiral compound 1 which helical pitch decreases with temperature increase.

Abstract: The racemic and chiral compounds expressed by common formula 1 and formula 2: wherein the lateral substituents X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7 and X8 in the benzene rings represent independently hydrogen and fluorine atoms, bridge group Z represent independently the single bond or COO, CH2CH2, CH2O and OCH2 group, substituent Y represents CH3, or CH2F, CHF2, CF3, C2H5 group, symbols n, m, r and t are independently integers of 1 to 8; symbols p and s signify independently number of 0 to 1 and its orthoconic antiferroelectric long helical pitch mixtures prepared by the methods 1) to the racemic components selected from compounds 1 are added chiral components selected from the compound of formula 1 and/or chiral components selected from the compounds of formula 2 and/or another optically active compounds with high helical twisting power, 2) to chiral compound 1 which helical pitches increases with the temperature increase is added chiral compound 1 which helical pitch decreases with temperature increase.

Abstract: New complex salts of hematoporphyrin and of its derivatives have the general Formula 1 (FIG. 1). The method of preparation of new complex salts of Formula 1 consists of reacting, with a basic amino acid, hematoporphyrin derivatives of general Formula 4 (FIG. 4). The new complex salts are used as a therapeutic agent for detection and treatment of neoplasms.

Abstract: Liquid crystalline ethane derivatives by the described method in order to form liquid crystalline compositions with known liquid crystalline compounds have a general formula I: ##STR1## wherein, if ring A idicates a 1,4-substituted benzene ring, then ring B indicates 1.4-substituted benzene ring or 1.4-trans-substituted cyclohexane ring or 1.4-substituted bicyclo[2,2,2]octane ring or 2.5-substituted pyrimidine ring or 2.5-substituted 1.3- dioxane ring, or if ring B indicates a 1.4-substituted benzene ring, then A indicates 1.4-trans-substituted cyclohexane ring or 1.4-substituted bicylo[2,2,2]octane ring or 2.5-substituted pyrimidine ring or 2.5-substituted 1.3-dioxane ring, and R indicates a normal alkyl chain C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 or a non-branched alkoxy group C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 O or an alkylcarboxylic group C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 COO or an alkyl carbonato group C.sub.n H.sub.2n+1 OCOO or a branched alkyl chain CH.sub.3 --CH.sub.2 --CH(CH.sub.3)--(CH.sub.2).sub.k -- or a branched alkoxy group CH.sub.3 --CH.sub.

Abstract: New compounds of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein the symbols X stand for carbon atom bonded with two hydrogen atoms /--CH.sub.2 -- group/ and the symbols Z stand for oxygen atom or the symbols X stand for oxygen atom and the symbols Z stand for carbon atom bonded with two hydrogen atoms /--CH.sub.2 -- group/, m is an integer of 1 to 2, R represents an alkyl /H.sub.2n+1 C.sub.n / or an 4-alkylphenyl /H.sub.2n+1 C.sub.n --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 / or an alkylbiphenyl /H.sub.2n+1 C.sub.n --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 / or an alkylcyclohexylphenyl group /H.sub.2n+1 C.sub.n --C.sub.6 H.sub.10 --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 /, the term alkyl group signifies an alkyl chain containing 1 to 15 carbon atoms or it also signifies a branched-chain alkyl group C.sub.2 H.sub.5 --CH/CH.sub.3 /--/CH.sub.2 /.sub.k where k in an integer of 1 to 3, have utility as liquid crystals. A process for manufacture of compounds of the general formula I.

Abstract: Novel 4-/trans-4'-n-alkylcyclohexyl/-1-isothiocyanatobenzenes expressed by the general formula ##STR1## where n is an integer number from 1 to 12, method of their preparation and liquid crystal composition containing these novel compounds revealing a wide nematic phase range and low viscosity.