Abstract: A multi-material structure includes: a structural member that includes an isotropic material and at least one open-cell void formed in the isotropic material; and a skin that includes a polymetric material and is disposed on a surface of the structural member and within the at least one open-cell void.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for generating a forward-kinematics machine-learning (ML) model for controlling a machine includes: based on a target state for the machine, determining an ideal roto-translation for an end effector associated with the machine; using a first version of the forward-kinematics ML model, determining a predicted roto-translation for the end effector based on the target state; determining a predicted location for at least one calibration point on the end effector based on the predicted roto-translation for the end effector; determining a difference between the predicted location for the at least one calibration point and a measured location for the at least one calibration point; and generating a second version of the forward-kinematics ML model based on the difference.