Abstract: A computer-controlled graphics display system providing improved means for selecting objects for joint action. The invention helps the user of a graphical user interface more easily select a group of objects that are meaningfully related to each other. Objects are usually created serially in time by a user, but they are typically selected by spatial grouping in graphical user interfaces. The invention shows that such a spatial grouping can be refined by considering the temporal grouping of objects. Algorithms are proposed which combine both spatial and temporal grouping to produce the most appropriate grouping of objects, i.e., groupings that most likely conform to the user's intentions.

Abstract: A laser diode assembly is disclosed which utilizes a feedback system which substantially reduces the dependency of the optical output power of the laser diode on laser junction temperature which is dependent on the pixel pattern. The feedback system of this invention utilizes a low pass filter to detect the low frequencies of the train of pixel information which cause a certain droop. The low pass filter generates a signal based on the detected frequencies which after being scaled will be used as a feedback signal. The feedback signal will be applied to the driver of the laser diode to adjust the driving current of the laser diode for the detected patterns to substantially reduce the droop and the cross talk.

Abstract: A process for treating a predetermined portion of a coating on a photoreceptor to remove at least part of the coating involves directing a source of high energy irradiation at the coating in the presence of at least one fluid medium to remove at least part of the coating from the predetermined portion of the coating. The source of high energy irradiation is preferably a laser beam, ultrasonic energy, or a source of high intensity heat. The at least one fluid medium is preferably at least one gas jet, liquid jet or a liquid solvent.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a precise method of registering images on a photoreceptor belt. At least one coded charge pattern is formed in the photoreceptor belt, outside the image area. A charge sensor is positioned above the belt and in the process direction alignment with the pattern. The sensor has an identical pattern formed on the sensing surface. As the coded pattern advances beneath the charge sensor, a correlation signal is generated when the two patterns are exactly aligned. This correlation signal is used to generate a precisely timed line sync signal which is reproducible through each of the imaging stations to produce registration of the first scan line of each image sequence with a very high degree of accuracy. When two coded patterns and two sensors are used, image skew correction signals are generated and used to correct for skew registration errors.

Abstract: A full-color image printing method and apparatus operate to form mono-color toned images of individual color components using multiple, e.g., four, mono-color imaging units provided in correspondence to the color components and single-lined screen processors provided in correspondence to the imaging units, and overlap the mono-color toned images sequentially to produce a full-color image on a sheet of print paper. The screen angle is made different among the mono-color toned images and the line pitch of the screen is made virtually equal for all mono-color toned images with the intention of retaining a high-grade color quality and preventing the degradation of picture quality such as a degraded tone quality.

Abstract: In an optical communication network is disclosed. In the, a pair of optical fibers are coupled to each of a plurality nodes. Each node has two signal routes each including a transmit path and receive path. The paired optical fibers are connected to both terminals of a star coupler. The network includes a first branching filter for supplying a signal from the transmit path of the first signal route to one (first optical fiber) of the paired optical fibers, and for supplying a signal from the first optical fiber to the receive path of the second signal route, and a second branching filter for supplying a signal from the transmit path of the second signal route to the other (second optical fiber) of the paired optical fibers, and for supplying a signal from the second optical fiber to the receive path of the first signal route.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of toner compositions with controlled particle size comprising:(i) preparing a pigment dispersion in water, which dispersion is comprised of a pigment, an ionic surfactant in amounts of from about 0.

Abstract: A method for determining a termination time of the step of dispersing a coating composition for a photosensitive layer, containing a binder resin, a powdery charge generating material and a solvent, is disclosed, which comprises (i) providing coating (I) on a substrate by coating the coating composition, following by drying, (ii) providing coating (II) on a substrate by dispersing the coating composition using a dispersion medium to fine the powdery charge generating material, followed by drying, (iii) measuring absorbances of coating (I) at two wavelengths within a short wavelength region and a long wavelength region, respectively, of the spectral absorption wavelength of the charge generating material, (iv) measuring absorbances of coating (II) at the two wavelengthes within the short wavelength region and the long wavelength region, respectively, and (v) calculating spectral absorbance ratios of coatings (I) and (II), respectively, from the following equation: ##EQU1## wherein the dispersing of the coating

Abstract: To remove ferromagnetic carrier beads from the surface of a photoreceptor leaving a development station in an electrophotographic machine, the carrier beads are magnetically attracted to the surfaced of an elongated, rotating cylinder. The cylinder surface is provided with a raised spiral thread to create a material conveying auger operating to axially convey the attracted beads to a cylinder end portion beyond a side edge of the photoreceptor, where the carrier beads fall into a sump.

Abstract: A developer unit for developing a latent image recorded on an image receiving member with marking particles, to form a developed image. The unit includes a donor member spaced from the image receiving member and adapted to transport marking particles to a development zone adjacent the image receiving member and an electrode positioned in the development zone between the image receiving member and the donor member. The developer unit also includes a biaser for electrically biasing the electrode with an alternating current having a frequency varying with time, so as to minimize natural frequency resonant vibrations of the electrode and to detach marking particles from the donor member forming a cloud of marking particles in the development zone with detached marking particles from the cloud of marking particles developing the latent image.

Abstract: Improvements in bit-image quality in printing systems is achieved by providing several different pattern matching processors. Each pattern matching processor comprises a lookup table of patterns and corresponding replacement image patterns. A source image is modified by replacing areas in the source image that match patterns with the corresponding image patterns. Pattern matching processors are chosen depending on: the type of image being processed, input from the operator (user), feedback from the xerographic processor, and the color of the image. A user interface is provided which allows a user to download template and pattern data for each pattern matching processor. Pattern matching can be used to correct single-bit, half-bit, line-growth, xerographic effects and aliasing errors, and to provide control of print quality to the user.

Abstract: A maintenance station for an ink jet printer having a printhead with nozzles in a nozzle face and an ink supply cartridge is mounted on a translatable carriage for concurrent movement therewith. When the printer is in a non-printing mode, the carriage is translated to the maintenance station located outside and to one side of a printing zone, where various maintenance functions are provided depending upon the location of the carriage mounted printhead within the maintenance station. The printhead nozzle face is cleaned by at least one wiper blade as the printhead enters and leaves the maintenance station. Adjacent the wiper blade is a location for collecting nozzle-clearing ink droplets, followed by a capping location where a carriage actuatable cap moves into sealing engagement with the printhead nozzle face and surrounds the nozzle to provide a controllable environment therefor. A vacuum pump is interconnected to the cap by flexible hose with an ink separator therebetween.

Abstract: A toner comprised of resin, pigment, and a polyester with amine functionality.

Abstract: A photosensor for measuring the reflectivity of a surface is calibrated for consistent gain and offset. The reflectivities of a plurality of regions of a test surface are measured. An average of the measured reflectivities is calculated, and a threshold value related to the average is derived therefrom. A revised average of the measured reflectivities is then calculated, the revised average being an average of measured reflectivities only of regions having reflectivities of a predetermined relationship to the threshold value. Subsequent signals from the photosensor are then revised according to a function related to the revised average.

Abstract: An automatic recovery apparatus reduces the number of shut downs due to fuser misstrips in an electrophoto-graphic device. A fuser misstrip occurs if the lead edge of a copy sheet does not emerge from the fuser nip. The fuser roller and the photoreceptor drive roller are stopped. These rollers are driven in the reverse direction until the copy sheet is released from the fuser. The rollers are then driven in the forward direction so that the copy sheet is re-fused. This automatic recovery apparatus is used for a photoreceptor misstrip. If the copy sheet remains attached to the photoreceptor belt after passing the stripping zone, it will jam in the cleaner module. If a sensor detects the copy sheet is still attached to the belt after the stripping zone, then the photoreceptor belt is reversed and the stripping procedure is repeated.

Abstract: A method for forming images including the steps of: developing an electrostatic latent image formed on a latent image carrying member with a liquid developer including a carrier liquid; and bringing a toner image thus formed into contact with an oil absorbent selected from the group consisting of a network-forming oil-absorbent material and a gel-swelling oil-absorbent material, to remove the carrier liquid.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a high chargeability and a low dark decay is disclosed, which comprises an electrically conductive support having formed thereon a light-sensitive layer containing as a charge generating material a pigment which has been subjected to an acid washing treatment to lower the content of metal impurities below 500 ppm or less.

Abstract: In the channel layer of a thin film transistor (TFT), a channel and its drain meet at a transition within a transition region. The channel extends in a first, or horizontal, dimension away from the drain and extends in a second, or vertical, dimension from a side away from the gate to a side toward the gate. The charge carrier densities in the transition region vary in the second dimension in a way that reduces leakage current, because the position of the maximum electric field is moved away from the gate and its magnitude is reduced. Variation of densities in the second dimension can be produced by high angle implantation of a dopant and a counterdopant, providing a transition region between the drain and the channel underneath the gate.

Abstract: A single semiconductor diode laser array with multiple laser beams is used in a laser printer. The single diode laser array is formed by joining two semiconductor diode lasers. Each diode laser emits multiple laser beams that can have a different wavelength than the multiple laser beams of the other diode laser. The diode lasers can be made from different materials, such as GaAs/AlGaAs and GaInP/AlGaInP. The polarization of one diode laser can be orthogonal to the polarization of the other diode laser. The first diode laser has the dimensions of a long width and a short length. The second diode laser has the dimensions of a short width and a long length. The lasing elements are formed centrally to the width of each diode laser. The diode lasers are mounted on separate heatsink mounts. When the diode laser array is assembled, an insulator separates the lasing elements of each diode laser. Contact wires are attached to bonding pads located near the exposed ends or sides of each diode laser.

Abstract: An electrophotographic imaging member fabricated by forming on a charge generating layer a first coating including charge transporting molecules dispersed in a solution of a first polymer binder dissolved in a first solvent, drying the coating to remove the solvent to form a substantially dry charge transport layer, forming on the charge transport layer a second coating including charge transporting molecules and a chemical stabilizer additive selected from the group consisting of a nitrone, isobenzofuran, hydroxyaromatic compound and mixtures thereof molecularly dispersed in an electrically inactive second polymer binder in a solution of a second polymer binder dissolved in a second solvent, the first polymer binder being insoluble in the second solvent, and drying the second coating to remove the second solvent to form a substantially dry overcoat layer. This electrophotographic imaging member may be utilized in an electrophotographic imaging process.