Abstract: Presented herein are systems, methods, and architectures related to functionalization of the metallic gates of field-effect transistors (FETs) and the use of the functionalized FETs as biochemical sensors in liquid samples. The functionalization can either be a molecularly imprinted polymer or a probe material. The functionalized FETs can be used in devices for analyte detection/quantification. In particular, the functionalized FETs are used in devices for the detection and/or quantification of cytokines (e.g. interleukin) and/or cholesterol (LDL or HDL).

Abstract: Presented herein are systems, methods for collecting fluid from a surface (e.g., skin) and analyzing the fluid (e.g., to measure chemical, physical and/or biological properties of the fluid). For example, a system for fluid collection on a surface (e.g., skin) and fluid analysis includes at least one of the following modules: (i) a collection and delivery module to collect a fluid over a wet or partially wet surface and deliver it to (ii) a main sensing module to perform chemical, physical and/or biological analysis on the fluid. The system also includes (iii) a flow regulation module, for controlling fluid flow (e.g., transport) through the system and (iv) a waste module to collect and/or dispose of the fluid after analysis is complete.

Abstract: Presented herein are devices for collecting and/or channeling a biofluid (e.g., sweat, tears, saliva) and detecting and/or quantifying one or more biomarkers in the biofluid. The one or more biomarkers may include, for example, ions, salts thereof, hormones and/or steroids, proteins, metabolites and organic compounds. In certain embodiments, the devices described herein include a specially designed interface and a zero-energy micro pump that allow the device to be comfortably affixed directly to the skin of a user while biofluid is efficiently and non-invasively collected from the skin of the user. In certain embodiments, the biofluid collection and sensing device is housed on or in another wearable device, such as a wrist band or a smart watch. In certain embodiments, the devices described herein are disposable (e.g., after a certain period of use and/or wear the device can be disposed and replaced with a low-cost replacement).