Abstract: A disclosure is provided for methods to prepare high-strength and high-toughness partially stabilized zirconia (PSZ) materials by incorporating a starting ceramic powder in which the stabilizing oxide agent is pre-alloyed with the zirconia material powder. The ceramic powder is pre-stabilized so there is little or no remaining free stabilizing oxide, thereby resulting in an improved material that is more convenient to process using conventional ceramic processing techniques.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods to produce Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) products using materials recycled from TBC waste. These methods include ways to produce zirconium and rare earth chemicals and raw materials appropriate for producing TBC materials.

Abstract: A method is presented for recovery, in reusable form, of rare earth minerals and zirconia from waste materials containing them. The method includes: mixing an ammonium sulfate powder and a powder containing the oxide waste material; heating the mixture to decompose the waste into a residue; dissolving the residue in water; separating rare earth constituents from the solution; and subsequently using the separated rare earth constituent (salt or solution) as a raw material. Moreover, the reactants used in the recovery may be recovered by appropriate precipitation and concentration operations.