Abstract: A small-sized vehicle is capable of cooling an electric motor of a power steering apparatus that supplies a steering shaft with an assisting steering force. The electric motor is arranged so as to receive cooling air from a cooling fan disposed on the rear side of a radiator that cools the engine cooling water with outside air.

Abstract: A coolant pump for an engine includes a pump case main body and a pump drive shaft journaled therein. The pump drive shaft has a plurality of blades mounted thereon and is rotatable about a pump drive shaft axis. The coolant pump also includes a partition member and a lid. The partition member and the pump case main body define a pump chamber configured to house the blades. The partition member also defines a pump chamber inlet port. A fluid inlet chamber is defined by the partition member and the lid. The fluid inlet chamber provides fluid communication between a fluid inlet port and the pump chamber inlet port.

Abstract: Several embodiments of induction systems for motor vehicles that improve running at low speeds. A plenum chamber is provided which communicates with the intake passage downstream of the throttle valve so as to improve flow dynamics particularly at these running conditions. The plenum chamber is supported by the vehicle chassis independently of the engine and communicates with the induction passage via a flexible conduit.

Abstract: A valve train for an internal combustion engine embodying an improved valve spring arrangement that permits a compact valve placement. The valve springs are disposed so that they are non-circular in planes perpendicular to the axis of the associated valve stem and are disposed with a long axis and a short axis. The long axes of the respective springs extend parallel to each other so as to facilitate the close placement of the valves.

Abstract: Controls for induction systems of fuel injection supplied internal combustion engines in which the induction system flows from an air amount detection means to combustion cylinders, through a main or principal intake passage and a sub-intake or shunt passage. Fuel injection means discharges fuel into the main intake passage in amounts determined by the detection means. The sub-intake passage directs air in a jet stream into the combustion chamber to cause turbulence therein. The sub-intake passage discharges into the combustion cylinders at a substantially different angle from the main intake passage and intersects the discharge from the fuel injection means to improve the fuel air mixture entering the combustion cylinders.

Abstract: An induction system for an internal combustion engine that improves efficiency through increasing flame propagation at low and medium speeds and loads. This is accomplished through the use of a relatively small cross sectional area auxiliary induction system through which at least a portion of the charge requirements are supplied. The small cross sectional area causes the charging to be introduced at a high velocity, thus increasing turbulence in the intake charge to promote rapid flame propagation when the spark plug is fired. At least a portion of the idle charge is also delivered through the main induction passage so as to reduce the velocity of the intake charge. The charge delivered through the main induction system flows at an angle to that discharged from the auxiliary induction system so that the two flow paths will create internal turbulence due to their different directions.

Abstract: Several embodiments of fuel injected internal combustion engines having improved injection and induction systems for improving performance, particularly at low speeds. In each embodiment, the injection nozzle is disposed in a position so as to have its discharge spray directed against a throttle valve of the engine so as to improve fuel vaporization at low engine speeds. In each embodiment, an auxiliary induction system is also provided having a relatively small cross sectional area. The idle and low load charge requirements of the engine are supplied through this auxiliary induction system to further improve vaporization and also to promote turbulence in the chamber at the time of combustion. The fuel injection nozzles of the embodiment are disposed so that their discharge spray either intercepts the inlet opening to the auxiliary induction system or is diverted by the throttle valve toward this opening. In one embodiment of the invention, two fuel injection nozzles are employed which discharge alternately.

Abstract: An induction system for an internal combustion engine consisting of a relatively large main induction system and a relatively small sub or auxiliary induction system. A throttle valve arrangement is provided so that a charge, issuing from a charge forming device, is delivered to the engine combustion chambers through the small auxiliary induction system during idle and light load operation. This increases the velocity of the charge entering the combustion chambers and the turbulence in the chamber at the time of ignition. As a result, combustion propagation is increased and both fuel economy and cleanness of running are improved. In higher loads, an increasing proportion of the charge is delivered to the combustion chambers through the main induction passage so as to provide good volumetric efficiency and insure against the loss of performance.

Abstract: An induction system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine that improves fuel efficiency and reduces the emission of unwanted exhaust gas constituents, particularly at the low and medium load conditions. The engine induction system comprises a plurality of separate carburetor barrels which, at least under some running conditions, serve cylinders separately from each other through main induction passages. One carburetor barrel is provided with a different fuel discharge system than the other carburetor barrels for accomodating a certain engine operating condition. A separate sub-intake system connects this carburetor barrel with other cylinders not normally served by the particular carburetor barrel in question. This sub-intake system has a substantially smaller cross-sectional area in the main intake system so that the charge drawn into the cylinders through the sub-intake system enters at a substantially higher velocity.

Abstract: An induction system for an internal combustion engine having both main and auxiliary induction passages serving a given cylinder. The auxiliary induction passage has a substantially smaller sectional area so that a charge delivered to the cylinder through this passage will enter the cylinder at a substantially higher velocity to improve combustion and efficiency. The flow ratio between the respective passages is controlled by a throttle valve arrangement. In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the throttle valve arrangement consists of a pair of throttle valves positioned in a common passage and rotatable in opposite directions relative to each other. This opposite rotation increases turbulence and further aids in improving combustion. In accordance with another disclosed feature, a hot spot is provided for heating both the main and auxiliary induction passages.

Abstract: An induction system for an internal combustion engine having a relatively large main intake passage that supplies the cylinders under medium and high load conditions and a relatively small auxiliary induction passage that feeds the cylinders under idle and low load conditions. The flow through the induction passages is controlled by a main and an auxiliary throttle valve which are interconnected by a linkage system that improves induction efficiency throughout the engine speed and load ranges.

Abstract: Two embodiments of induction systems for internal combustion engines having, in addition to the normal main induction passages, smaller cross-sectional area sub induction passages. The intake charge during idle and low load conditions is delivered to the engine cylinders through the sub induction passage to promote turbulence and improve combustion efficiency under these running conditions. The high load requirements of the engine are supplied through the main induction passage so as to improve volumetric efficiency and reduce pumping losses. Throttle valves control the proportion of the flow through the respective induction passages. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, the throttle valve which controls the flow through the sub induction passage is positioned as close as possible to the chambers so as to improve intake efficiency.

Abstract: An induction system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine that improves fuel efficiency and reduces the emission of unwanted exhaust gas constituents, particularly at the low and medium load conditions. The engine induction system comprises a plurality of separate carburetor barrels which, at least under some running conditions, serve cylinders separately from each other through main induction passages. One carburetor barrel is provided with a different fuel discharge system than the other carburetor barrels for accomodating a certain engine operating condition. A separate sub-intake system connects this carburetor barrel with other cylinders not normally served by the particular carburetor barrel in question. This sub-intake system has a substantially smaller cross-sectional area in the main intake system so that the charge drawn into the cylinders through the sub-intake system enters at a substantially higher velocity.

Abstract: An induction system for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine that improves fuel efficiency and reduces the emission of unwanted exhaust gas constituents, particularly at the low and medium load conditions. The engine induction system comprises a plurality of separate carburetor barrels which, at least under some running conditions, serve cylinders separately from each other through main induction passages. One carburetor barrel is provided with a different fuel discharge system than the other carburetor barrels for accomodating a certain engine operating condition. A separate sub-intake system connects this carburetor barrel with other cylinders not normally served by the particular carburetor barrel in question. This sub-intake system has a substantially smaller cross-sectional area in the main intake system so that the charge drawn into the cylinders through the sub-intake system enters at a substantially higher velocity.

Abstract: Two embodiments of internal combustion engine induction systems that provide for more efficient operation at low speed and low temperature. The induction system in each embodiment comprise a relatively large main induction passage and a relatively small sub-induction passage, each of which discharges into the combustion chamber of the engine. A throttle valve arrangement is provided so that at low temperatures and low load substantially all of the intake charge is delivered to the combustion chamber through the relatively small sub-induction passage. In this way the intake charge is drawn into the chamber at a high velocity and, if desired, swirling pattern to increase turbulence in the combustion chamber. This has the effect of accelerating combustion and promoting rapid flame propagation so as to improve running under these conditions and also so as to improve fuel economy under these conditions.

Abstract: An induction system for an internal combustion engine that is provided with a relatively small auxiliary intake passage that delivers the intake charge to the combustion chamber at a high velocity and high degree of turbulence. Throttle valve means are provided for directing a substantial portion of the idle and low-speed intake into the chamber through this auxiliary intake passage so as to improve flame propagation and engine performance under these running conditions. The intake for the auxiliary induction passage is disposed so that it will be exposed to atmospheric pressure under at least some low-speed running characteristics so as to improve the amount of charge drawn through the auxiliary induction passage during these conditions.

Abstract: Several embodiments of induction systems for internal combustion engines including a relatively large main induction passage and a relatively small sub or auxiliary induction passage. The sub-intake passage is sized so that the charge issuing from it into the combustion chamber enters the chamber at a high velocity to improve flame propagation and combustion. Throttle valves are provided for diverting substantially all of the engines idle and low-speed charge requirements into the chamber through the sub-intake passage. In accordance with each embodiment of the invention, means are provided for causing a small amount of the charge flow during these idle and low-speed conditions also to pass through the main induction passage to minimize the effects of fuel condensation during transition from off-idle to high-speed operation. This arrangement also minimizes the likelihood of lean running during idle and low-speed operation as might also be caused by fuel condensation.