Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes a housing, a light source module, and a heat dissipation structure including heat sink fins, a shutter structure, and a variable element. The housing provides a bottom and an outlet disposed at one side of the bottom. The heat sink fins are disposed in the housing and thermal conductivity connected with the light source module. The shutter structure is disposed on the outlet and includes guiding plates, a connecting rod, and an operating element. Each of guiding plates is connected to the connecting rod. The operating element is disposed at one end of the connecting rod and provides an operating force for the connecting rod. The variable element is near the heat sink fins and connected with the connecting rod, the variable element is deformed to exert a force on the connecting rod when the variable element is heated.

Abstract: A flow field plate module for a fuel cell system includes at least one flow field plate defining a fuel transporting channel thereon. The fuel transporting channel is divided into a middle converging zone having a group of first flow guiding plates arranged therein, and two diverging zones located at two lateral sides of the middle converging zone and each having a group of second flow guiding plates arranged therein. The second flow guiding plates are symmetrically arranged in the two diverging zones and are directed at respective inner end toward a space between two adjacent first flow guiding plates in the middle converging zone to thereby offset from each of the two adjacent first flow guiding plates by a predetermined distance in a fuel flowing direction, so that a fluid path is formed between any two adjacent first and second flow guiding plates.

Abstract: A fuel cell apparatus including a fuel cell module, a heat exchanging assembly, and an airflow producing element is provided. The fuel cell module is used to perform chemical reactions of a fuel cell. The heat exchanging assembly includes a first heat exchanging part, a second heat exchanging part, and a connection part. The connection part connects the first heat exchanging part and the second heat exchanging part respectively. The airflow producing element is adapted to produce an airflow, and the airflow flows through the first heat exchanging part, the fuel cell module, and the second heat exchanging part sequentially.

Abstract: A hydrogen generation device adapted to a fuel cell is provided. The hydrogen generation device includes a containing tank and a buffer layer. The buffer layer is disposed in the containing tank and divides the containing tank into a first containing space and a second containing space. The first containing space is capable of containing a liquid reactant. The second containing space is capable of containing a first solid fuel. The liquid reactant is capable of entering the second containing space through the buffer layer and reacts with the first solid fuel to generate hydrogen.

Abstract: A hydrogen generating apparatus and a fuel cell using the same is provided. The hydrogen generating apparatus is adapted to a fuel cell, and includes a main body, an electromagnet, a magnetic element, a containing tank and a sliding element. The electromagnet is fixed on the main body. The magnetic element is movably disposed on the main body. The containing tank is fixed on the main body and is used for containing liquid water. The sliding element is slidiably disposed on the main body, wherein a solid fuel is fixed on the sliding element. When the electromagnet is electrified to generate magnetic force to drive a motion of the magnetic element, the magnetic element drives the sliding element to slide towards the containing tank, so that the solid fuel reacts with the liquid water in the containing tank to generate hydrogen.

Abstract: A hydrogen generation device and a fuel cell using the same are provided. The hydrogen generation device includes a first containing groove, a cover, a second containing groove, and a rotating device. The first containing groove contains liquid water. The cover is fixed on the first containing groove and covers the liquid water. The cover has an opening for exposing the liquid water. The second containing groove is stacked on the cover and divided into a plurality of containing compartments, wherein each containing compartment contains a solid fuel. The opening is aligned with one containing compartment so that the corresponding solid fuel reacts with the liquid water generate hydrogen. The rotating device is connected with the first or the second containing groove. The opening is moved and aligned with another containing compartment when the rotating device drives the first containing groove and the second containing groove to relatively rotate.

Abstract: A fuel cell system including a hydrogen supply module, a fuel cell module, and a control module is provided. The fuel cell module receives a hydrogen from the hydrogen supply module. The fuel cell module includes a fuel cell unit and a hydrogen storage unit, wherein the hydrogen storage unit and the fuel cell unit are connected with each other. The control module is electrically connected to the fuel cell module for controlling the hydrogen storage unit to store or release the hydrogen.

Abstract: A humidification unit and a fuel cartridge are provided, wherein the fuel cartridge is capable of supplying hydrogen gas to a fuel cell (FC) stack. The fuel cartridge includes a hydrogen supply unit and a humidification unit. The hydrogen supply unit is capable of generating the hydrogen gas. The humidification unit is connected with the hydrogen supply unit. The humidification unit includes a first chamber, a second chamber, a membrane, and at least one membrane destructor. The first chamber contains water, and the second chamber contains a water absorbing material. The membrane is disposed between the first chamber and the second chamber. The membrane destructor is connected to the membrane. The water in the first chamber flows into the second chamber and is absorbed by the water absorbing material when a hole is formed on the membrane by the membrane destructor.

Abstract: The hydrogen gas generation apparatus is adapted for a fuel cell. The hydrogen gas generation apparatus includes a main body, a bimetallic switch, a reserve tank, and a sliding member. The bimetallic switch has one end connected to the main body. The reserve tank is fixed to the main body and adapted to reserve liquid water. The sliding member is slidably disposed on the main body. A solid fuel is fixed to the sliding member. When the bimetallic switch is heated to bend, another end of the bimetallic switch pushes the sliding member toward the reserve tank and the solid fuel reacts with the liquid water in the reserve tank to form hydrogen gas.

Abstract: A hydrogen generating apparatus and a fuel cell using the same are provided, the hydrogen generating apparatus is adapted to the fuel cell, and includes a sleeve, a sliding element, and a withdrawing mechanism. A first end of the sleeve is used for containing liquid water. The sliding element is slidably disposed at a second end of the sleeve, wherein a solid fuel is connected to the sliding element. The withdrawing mechanism is disposed in the sleeve. The solid fuel is apart from the liquid water when the sliding element is fixed to a first position by the withdrawing mechanism, and the solid fuel reacts with the liquid water to generate hydrogen when the sliding element is fixed to a second position by the withdrawing mechanism.

Abstract: A method of controlling a fuel generating reaction of a fuel cell includes: a. providing a first reactant; b. activating the first reactant to generate fuel to the fuel cell; c. when a characteristic value of the fuel cell reaches a first reference value during the activation, adding a quantity of a second reactant to the first reactant to determine a monitoring time; d. after the monitoring time, detecting the characteristic value of the fuel cell to acquire a first characteristic value; e. if the first characteristic value is lower than the first reference value, performing step d.; f. if the first characteristic value is higher than the first reference value, detecting the characteristic value of the fuel cell to acquire a second characteristic value after a delay time; and g. if the second characteristic value is lower than the first reference value, proceeding to step d.

Abstract: A fuel cell system including a fuel cell power generator, a first state detecting unit, an electronic load circuit, an external load power supply circuit, a secondary battery, a charge module, and a control unit is provided. The first state detecting unit detects an output voltage and an output power of the fuel cell power generator. The electronic load circuit performs a current-sinking operation on the fuel cell power generator. The external load power supply circuit receives a power from the fuel cell power generator and supplies the power to an external load. The control unit controls the current-sinking operation of the electronic load circuit according to the detection result of the first state detecting unit, so as to adjust the output voltage of the fuel cell power generator and enable at least one of the electronic load circuit, the charge module, and the external load power supply circuit.

Abstract: A fuel cell system including a fuel cell power-generating part, a state detector, a charging circuit, a secondary cell, a control unit, a first internal load power supply circuit, a second internal load power supply circuit, a path selection circuit, an internal load, and an external load power supply circuit is provided. The first internal load power supply circuit and the charging circuit are coupled to the fuel cell power-generating part. The secondary cell is coupled between the charging circuit and the second internal load power supply circuit. The path selection circuit determines whether the first internal load power supply circuit or the second internal load power supply circuit provides power to the internal load according to a first electric power of the fuel cell power-generating part that is detected by the state detector, so as to reduce energy consumption.

Abstract: A powering method of a fuel cell includes following steps. A fuel cartridge including a plurality of fuel units and an accumulator is provided. An under-load electric quantity of the accumulator is detected. If the under-load electric quantity is less than a threshold, power is supplied by the accumulator to a load. If the under-load electric quantity is greater than the threshold, a first fuel unit of the fuel units is selected and triggered to provide fuel which converted into the power. If the fuel of the first fuel unit is not enough to supply the power to the load, a second fuel unit of the fuel units is selected and triggered to provide the fuel. If the load is removed, the other fuel units which are not yet triggered are not triggered, and the accumulator is charged with the power converted from the fuel.

Abstract: A fuel cartridge of a fuel cell and a method for operating the fuel cartridge are provided. The fuel cartridge has a plurality of fuel units. At least one first fuel unit is selected form the fuel units and the first fuel unit is triggered to provide a fuel to the fuel cell. If the fuel produced by the first fuel unit is insufficient to provide for the fuel cell, at least a second fuel unit is selected from the fuel units. A temperature of the second fuel unit is detected, and if the temperature of the second fuel unit is lower than an upper-limit operating temperature, the second fuel unit is triggered to provide the fuel to the fuel cell.

Abstract: A hydrogen generation device includes a draft tube, containing grooves, water absorbing structures, capillary structures, and a water supply device. The wall of the draft tube has openings. The containing grooves are disposed below the draft tube and respectively aligned with the openings. Each containing groove is capable of containing a solid fuel. The water absorbing structures are respectively disposed in the containing grooves. Each water absorbing structure is located between the corresponding opening and corresponding solid fuel. The capillary structures are alternatively disposed on the internal wall of the draft tube. Each capillary structure is located between the two adjacent openings. The water supply device is disposed at one end of the draft tube. The water supply device supplies a liquid fuel into the draft tube, and the liquid fuel sequentially enters the containing grooves through the openings to sequentially react with the solid fuels and produce hydrogen.

Abstract: A hydrogen gas generator suitable for a fuel cell is provided. The hydrogen gas generator includes a container and a capillary structure. The capillary structure is disposed between the container and a flexible solid fuel, wherein the container is capable of accommodating liquid water, and the liquid water accommodated in the container is capable of being transferred to the flexible solid fuel by the capillary structure so as to react with the flexible solid fuel to generate hydrogen gas.

Abstract: A fuel cartridge and a hydrogen storage method are provided. The fuel cartridge includes a plurality of reaction units. Each of the reaction units includes a first reactant, a second reactant, and a heating apparatus. The first reactant and the second reactant are separated from each other. The heating apparatus is capable of making the first reactant and the second reactant separated from each other contact with each other to generate hydrogen gas.

Abstract: A fuel cell unit includes a proton exchange membrane, a first catalyst layer, a second catalyst layer, a first gas diffusion layer (GDL) disposed on the first catalyst layer, a second GDL disposed on the second catalyst layer, a flow channel of hydrogen gas disposed on the first GDL for guiding a hydrogen gas to the first GDL, and a flow channel of excess hydrogen gas disposed on the second GDL and communicated with the channel of hydrogen gas. The first and the second catalyst layers are respectively disposed at both sides of the proton exchange membrane. The hydrogen gas in the flow channel of excess hydrogen gas and an oxygen gas outside the flow channel of excess hydrogen gas are capable of mixing with each other in the second GDL and contacting the second catalyst layer to generate a chemical combustion reaction.

Abstract: A projector includes a light source, a fan and a guiding passage. The fan is disposed beside a first side of the light source. The guiding passage has a guiding inlet and a guiding outlet. The guiding passage extends from a section near the fan to a section near a second side of the light source. The fan is capable of generating a first airflow and a second airflow. The first airflow is capable of being mixed with the second airflow near the second side of the light source. The second airflow is guided by the guiding passage so that the second airflow is mixed with the first airflow near the second side of the light source.