Abstract: An apparatus for preparing a medium for use in a printing process supports the medium (2) for rotation about an axis. A head (6) is mounted for movement parallel to the axis and includes means to direct a laser beam onto the surface of the medium. The laser beam engraves or exposes the series of cell sites (c) around the medium and an acousto-optic modulator (12) positioned in the path of the laser beam deflects the beam substantially in the direction of rotation of the medium (2). In a preferred example the beam tracks the surface of the medium at a speed matched to that of the medium so as to keep the beam stationary on the cell site while that site is being engraved or exposed. The beam may also be deflected to skip backwards or forwards over immediately adjacent cell sites.

Abstract: When laser engraving flexographic and rotary screen printing cylinders half-tones are generated by providing a series of regularly spaced cells (1) including dots or pits (3) which collectively are referred to as a screen. By varying the ratio between the areas of the dots or pits (3) and the cells (1) the intensity of the half-tone is varied. A laser engraving machine for engraving such printing cylinders includes variable timing means (37, 38) which are triggered by their engraving head (13) crossing into each cell (1) and which generate a variable time delay (D) to determine the start time of the laser engraving in each pass of each cell (1) and also to determine the duration (P) of the time for which the laser is turned ON to engrave material during each pass of each cell.

Abstract: A copying process for producing a seamless copy from an unjointed original mounted on a carrier cylinder utilizes electronic control circuitry to "stretch" the copy of the artwork to exactly 360.degree. on a printing cylinder, to produce matched endless joints. The circumferential length of the original is first determined and then the original is scanned by a "read" scanner, the output of which is digitized and temporarily stored in memory. The contents of the memory are used to modulate a power laser during scanning to "write" on the printing cylinder but readout from the memory is adjusted in accordance with the circumferential length determined to produce the required jointing. The system may be varied to produce flexographic rollers, gravure cylinders or general copying.

Abstract: A copying system has an artwork carrier cylinder and a printing cylinder, and electronic control means "stretches" the copy to exactly 360.degree. on the printing cylinder, to produce matched endless joints. The circumferential length of the original is first determined and then the original is scanned by a "read" scanner, the output of which is digitized and temporarily stored in memory. The contents of the memory are used to modulate a power laser during scanning to "write" on the printing cylinder but readout from the memory is adjusted in accordance with the circumferential length determined to produce the required jointing. The system may be varied to produce flexographic rollers, gravure cylinders or general copying.

Abstract: The invention concerns apparatus for indicating the position of a light beam relative to a target, comprising an optical system, as many linear arrays of photoelectric elements as the number of coordinates in which the position indication is sought, and an electronic circuit arrangement for processing the video output signals of the arrays, wherein the optical system forms a virtual source of the beam and special lenses form a narrow, band-like image of the virtual source on each array, and the circuit arrangement uses an integration technique for detecting the center of the distribution of the video output signals.