Abstract: The present invention provides an elastic fiber dry spinning mechanism and a maintenance control method for a spinning assembly. The elastic fiber dry spinning mechanism includes: a spinning assembly (1) including a temperature control portion (13) and a spinneret portion (14), which are detachably overlapped with each other; and a rotary movement control portion used for driving the spinning assembly to ascend and descend, translate and rotate around a translation direction so as to change the orientation of the spinning assembly into an orientation facilitating the maintenance of the spinneret portion. By adoption of the spinning mechanism and the maintenance control method therefore, online replacement and other maintenance of the spinneret portion are convenient and quick, and the efficiency is high.