Abstract: A control system by which, the lobing and thermal-damage on a component surface will be eliminated and a component of a circular cross-section is capable of being ground with ultra-precision and high quality surface finish. The system includes (i) an automatic controlled supporting device, by which the periphery support of circular component of any size is auto-formed in a most stable work-holding condition; (ii) a flexible rear-shoe with active filtering mechanism, by which the high frequency lobing will be removed and the heat generated in the contact area between the workpiece and rear-shoe will be reduced by the self-lubrication of rear-shoe; (iii) an on-line vision-based temperature monitoring and control device, by which the overheat on the workpiece is controlled; (iv) an on-line phase precession lobing control algorithm, by which the lobing will be effectively suppressed in a rounding process.