Abstract: A microfluidic liquid stream configuration system is provided including providing a substrate; forming a first co-planar electrode and a second co-planar electrode on the substrate; applying a dielectric layer, with a controlled surface energy, on the first co-planar electrode and the second co-planar electrode; forming an input reservoir on the first co-planar electrode and a second co-planar electrode; supplying a liquid in the input reservoir for analysis; and imposing an electric field, an electric field gradient, or a combination thereof on the liquid for respectively driving surface charge or dipole moments in the liquid for configuring a liquid stream.

Abstract: A qualitative and quantitative hydrolase detection method includes providing a caged coelenterazine molecule having a detection molecule bonded between a first bonding site or a second bonding site of a coelenterazine molecule and a steric caging group; activating an uncaged coelenterazine molecule by cleaving the detection molecule in the caged coelenterazine molecule with a hydrolase enzyme; determining a light emission from a coelenterazine-activated bioluminescent enzyme reacting with the uncaged coelenterazine molecule activated in the presence of the hydrolase enzyme; and correlating the light emission for quantitatively and qualitatively determining the presence of the hydrolase enzyme.

Abstract: An enzyme detection method includes forming a caged substrate; releasing an uncaged substrate by cleaving a caging molecule from the caged substrate; and emitting a light emission from a Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer luminescent nanocrystal conjugate reacting with the uncaged substrate.

Abstract: An assay method includes providing a luminescent nanocrystal; combining a solution having an adenosine triphosphate molecule; and displaying a light emission by the luminescent nanocrystal and the solution combined.

Abstract: An assay system (300) comprising providing a platform (102) having a contact surface (104); immobilizing an amino acid group (108), having an amine side group (109), on the contact surface (104); transforming the amine side group (109), in the amino acid group (108) to a ketone group (120); and reacting an indicator (122) with the ketone group (120) for displaying a light emission (128) from the indicator (122).

Abstract: An enzyme detection method includes forming a caged substrate; releasing an uncaged substrate by cleaving a caging molecules from the caged substrate; and emitting a light emission from a Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer luminescent nanocrystal conjugate reacting with the uncaged substrate.

Abstract: An electrically controlled microfluidic system (1300) is provided including: providing a probe fluid (128) extending longitudinally; restricting a longitudinal movement of the probe fluid (128) by capillary effects; moving the probe fluid (128) longitudinally using an electric field, an electric field gradient, or a combination thereof; reacting a fluid under test (130) with the probe fluid (128) to start a reacting mixture; and measuring the reacting mixture over distance, time, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A microfluidic liquid stream configuration system is provided including providing a substrate; forming a first co-planar electrode and a second co-planar electrode on the substrate; applying a dielectric layer, with a controlled surface energy, on the first co-planar electrode and the second co-planar electrode; forming an input reservoir on the first co-planar electrode and a second co-planar electrode; supplying a liquid in the input reservoir for analysis; and imposing an electric field, an electric field gradient, or a combination thereof on the liquid for respectively driving surface charge or dipole moments in the liquid for configuring a liquid stream.