Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer readable media can define a communication item associated with a social networking system, including a plurality of parameters that are each associated with one or more possible values. A plurality of variants of the communication item can be determined based on values associated with the plurality of parameters. A first set of weights associated with the plurality of variants can be determined. Each weight in the first set of weights can be associated with a variant of the plurality of variants. Each variant of the plurality of variants can be provided to a proportion of a first group of users that corresponds to a weight in the first set of weights associated with the variant.

Abstract: One or more embodiments described herein include methods and systems of providing message status notifications. The status notifications can comprise one or more of sent, delivered, or accessed/read notifications. In one or more embodiments a status notification is persistently displayed in a thread for each participant in a conversation. Each time the participant accesses a new message, the system can move the status notification adjacent to the new message.

Abstract: The disclosed system may include (1) a light source, (2) a first diffractive optical element (DOE), optically coupled with the light source, that produces a first diffracted light pattern, (3) at least one additional DOE, optically coupled with the light source in series with the first DOE, that produces at least one additional diffracted light pattern, (4) an actuator that moves, in response to a first actuator control signal, the first DOE in a first plane perpendicular to an optical axis of the system, and (5) a lens, optically coupled with the first DOE and the at least one additional DOE, that projects structured light onto a local area based on the first diffracted light pattern and the at least one additional diffracted light pattern. Various other systems and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: An online system selects advertisements for presentation in various advertisement slots to maximize the total value to the online system for advertisement presentation. Candidate advertisements for presentation to a user are identified and types of advertisements are associated with various advertisement slots. For example, types of advertisements are associated with advertisement slots based on values for presenting various types of advertisements in different advertisement slots and one or more ad placement rules. Candidate advertisements having an advertisement type associated with each advertisement slot are identified, and an expected value of various placements of the candidate advertisements having a type corresponding to advertisement slots is determined. Based on the expected values, a placement of candidate advertisements in advertisement slots is selected and presented to a user.

Abstract: Some embodiments of this disclosure operate a network device in conjunction with a social networking system. The operations can include establishing a network island by providing network connectivity in a local region via the network device; connecting the network device to an intermittent network channel that is not continuously active; when the intermittent network channel is active, receiving a content item via the intermittent network channel, wherein the content items is not destined for a specific device in the network island; and caching the content item in a cache storage of the network device such that the content item is available to be accessed by any computing device within the network island.

Abstract: Some embodiments include a method of detecting memes, as “key terms,” in a chatter aggregation in a social networking system. The method can include aggregating user-generated content objects within the social networking system into the chatter aggregation according to a set of filters. A meme analysis engine can define a target group within the chatter aggregation to compare against a background group. The meme analysis engine can extract key terms from textual content of the target group. The meme analysis engine can determine a relevancy rank of a term in the key terms based on an accounting of the term in the textual content of the target group and a linguistic relevance score of the term according to a linguistic model.

Abstract: A method and system for human computer interaction using hand gestures is presented. The system permits a person to precisely control a computer system without wearing an instrumented glove or any other tracking device. In one embodiment, two cameras observe and record images of a user's hands. The hand images are processed by querying a database relating hand image features to the 3D configuration of the hands and fingers (i.e. the 3D hand poses). The 3D hand poses are interpreted as gestures. Each gesture can be interpreted as a command by the computer system. Uses for such a system include, but are not limited to, computer aided design for architecture, mechanical engineering and scientific visualization. Computer-generated 3D virtual objects can be efficiently explored, modeled and assembled using direct 3D manipulation by the user's hands.

Abstract: An online system matches a user across multiple online systems based on image data for the user (e.g., profile photo) regardless whether the image data is from the online system, a different but related online system or a third party system. For example, to match the user across a social networking system and INSTAGRAM™ system, the online system compares the similarity between images of the user from both systems in addition to similarity of textual information in the user profiles on both systems. The similarity of image data and the similarity of textual information associated with the user are used by the online system as indicators of matched user accounts belonging to the same user across both systems. The online system applies models trained using deep learning techniques to match a user across multiple online systems based on the image data and textual information associated with the user.

Abstract: A graphical user interface on a display device of a computer enables communications using a computer service. The graphical user interface includes a list of potential message recipients selected by a user as significant to the user. The graphical user interface also includes a mobile device identifier associated with one or more of the listed potential message recipients and a user account identifier associated with one or more of the listed potential message recipients. At least one of the listed potential recipients includes a mobile device identifier as the only available conduit for data delivery to the potential message recipient using the computer service.

Abstract: Several embodiments perform battery backup unit (BBU) degradation testing. For example, a BBU testing system can be coupled to or part of a BBU. The BBU testing system can discharge the BBU by engaging a variable load to the BBU. The BBU testing system can monitor a discharge energy consumption over time as the BBU discharges until the discharge energy consumption reaches a specified amount of energy. The BBU testing system can determine a discharge time for the discharge energy consumption to reach the specified amount of energy. The BBU testing system can then compute a degradation state of the BBU based on the discharge time.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a computing system may access a training image and a reference image of a person and an incomplete image. A generate may generate an in-painted image based on the incomplete image, and a discriminator may be used to determine whether each of the in-painted image, the training image, and the reference image is likely generated by the generator. The system may compute losses based on the determinations and update the discriminator accordingly. Using the updated discriminator, the system may determine whether a second in-painted image generated by the generator is likely generated by the generator. The system may compute a loss based on the determination and update the generator accordingly. Once training is complete, the generator may be used to generate a modified version of a given image, such as making the eyes of a person appear open even if they were closed in the input image.

Abstract: An online system receives a video-presentation request from a third party system. The video-presentation request comprises a video and a target audience specification for the video. The online system selects a plurality of users as the target audience of the video based on the target audience specification. From the target audience, the online system generates a sample subset of users and determines a sampled video reach count for the subset of users. A sample user who, as determined by the online system, would have viewed the view for at least a threshold duration, is included in the sampled video view count. The online system estimates a total video reach count for target audience by extrapolating the sampled video reach count for the subset of users to the target audience. The total video reach count can be used to determine a parameter for presenting the video on an online system.

Abstract: One or more embodiments of the disclosure provide systems and methods for providing content presentations to users of a content presentation system. A content presentation generally includes a plurality of content items provided by one or more users of the content presentation system. In one or more embodiments, the content presentation system may enable a user to modify multiple content attributes using a simple gesture. In another embodiment, the content presentation system can provide dynamic and interactive notifications to the user corresponding to content items and/or other co-users.

Abstract: Systems and methods for displaying an image across a plurality of displays are described herein. Pixel intensity values in the multifocal display are determined using correlation values and numerical iterations. An eye tracking system measures eye tracking information about a position of a user's eye, and the pixel intensity values are modified based on the eye tracking information. An image is displayed on the plurality of displays based on the determined pixel intensity values. The plurality of displays may be within an HMD, and address vergence accommodation conflict by simulating retinal defocus blur.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for implementing an extensible, light-weight, flexible (ELF) processing platform that can efficiently capture state information from multiple threads during execution of instructions (e.g., an instance of a game). The ELF processing platform supports execution of multiple threads in a single process for parallel execution of multiple instances of the same or different program code or games. Upon capturing the state information, one or more threads may be executed in the ELF platform to compute one or more actions to perform at any state of execution by each of those threads. The threads can easily access the state information from a shared memory space and use the state information to implement rule-based and/or learning-based techniques for determining subsequent actions for execution for the threads.

Abstract: An online system receives posts that include links to various external pages and presents those posts to users of the online system. When the online system determines an opportunity to present a post to a particular viewing user of the online system, the online system determines a quality metric and an associated value score for the post. The quality metric is determined as a likelihood that the viewing user will view the external page for less than a threshold time period, and is used to adjust the associated value score. The online system compares the value score of the post to the value scores of other posts and selects one or more of the compared posts for presentation to the viewing user of the online system.

Abstract: Managing a plurality of communication devices in an access network by successively establishing a layer two point-to-point layer two connection from an access unit to each of the communication devices of the plurality of communication devices during a management phase and establishing a cross-connection for the layer two point-to-point connection to a permanent layer two connection between the access unit and a management server.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving text query that includes n-grams. A vector representation of each n-gram is determined using a deep-learning model. A nonlinear combination of the vector representations of the n-grams is determined, and an embedding of the text query is determined based on the nonlinear combination. The embedding of the text query corresponds to a point in an embedding space, and the embedding space includes a plurality of points corresponding to a plurality of label embeddings. Each label embedding is based on a vector representation of a respective label determined using the deep-learning model. Label embeddings are identified as being relevant to the text query by applying a search algorithm to the embedding space. Points corresponding to the identified label embeddings are within a threshold distance of the point corresponding to the embedding of the text query in the embedding space.

Abstract: A depth camera assembly (DCA) for depth sensing of a local area. The DCA includes a structured light generator, an imaging device, and a controller. The structured light generator illuminates the local area with structured light. The structured light generator includes an acousto-optic deflector (AOD) and a liquid crystal device (LCD). The AOD functions as one or more dynamic diffraction gratings that diffract one or more optical beams to form diffracted scanning beams. The LCD includes one or more liquid crystal gratings (LCGs) that diffract the diffracted scanning beams to form the structured light projected into the local area. The imaging device captures portions of the structured light reflected from one or more objects in the local area. The controller determines depth information for the one or more objects based on the captured portions of the reflected structured light.

Abstract: One or more chips are transferred from one substrate to another by using one or more polymer layers to secure the one or more chips to an intermediate carrier substrate. While secured to the intermediate carrier substrate, the one or more chips may be transported or put through further processing or fabrication steps. To release the one or more chips, the adhesion strength of the one or more polymer layers is gradually reduced to minimize potential damage to the one or more chips.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving, an input from a client device corresponding to n-grams; accessing a media-item index that indexes a plurality of media items with their respective keywords, each keyword being extracted from communications made by users of an online social network; identifying media items from the media-item index, each media item being identified based on its associated keywords matching the n-grams corresponding to the input; calculating a media-item score for each of the identified media items based on a number of occurrences in which the media item has been used in communications on the online social network in connection with its matched keywords; and sending, to the client device, data corresponding to the identified media items having a media-item score greater than a threshold media-item score.

Abstract: Technology is disclosed for retrieving data from a specific storage layer of a storage system (“the technology”). A query application programming interface (API) is provided that allows an application to specify a storage layer on which the query should be executed. The query API can be used in a multi-threaded environment which employs a combination of fast threads and slow threads to serve read/write requests from applications. The fast threads are configured to query on a first set of storage layers, e.g., storage layers in a primary storage, while the slow threads are configured to query on a second set of storage layers, e.g., storage layers in a secondary storage. If a fast thread does not find the requested data in the first set, the request is transferred to a slow thread and the fast thread is allocated to another request while the slow thread is serving the current request.

Abstract: Embodiments of a notification framework for smart objects (e.g., smart televisions) to deliver notifications to user devices are described. In one embodiment, a method includes a server receiving an event-registration request from a smart object. The event-registration request may include event information associated with an event associated with the smart object. In response to the request, the server may generate a code, associate the code with the event information, and send the code to the smart object. The smart object may then broadcast the code to the user device through, e.g., short-range wireless communication. The server may receive an information request from a user device that includes the code, and in response send the event information associated with the code to the user device.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are techniques for adjusting the interpupillary distance (IPD) of an optical device. A system for IPD adjustment includes a first nonmoving component, a sliding assembly comprising a button, and a pair of magnets, wherein a first magnet of the pair of magnets is coupled to the sliding assembly. The pair of magnets is configured to exert a magnetic force on the sliding assembly in a first direction to press the sliding assembly against the first nonmoving component to lock the sliding assembly to the first nonmoving component. The sliding assembly is configured to, when the button of the sliding assembly is pushed by a force in a second direction opposite the first direction of the magnetic force, disengage with the first nonmoving component and become slidable with respect to the first nonmoving component.

Abstract: A haptic communication device includes one or more cutaneous actuators to generate haptic vibrations corresponding to actuator signals received by the one or more cutaneous actuators. A dampening member, proximate to a body of a user wearing the haptic communication device, focuses the haptic vibrations at one or more distinct locations on the body. The dampening member has one or more first openings, wherein the one or more cutaneous actuators transmit the haptic vibrations to the one or more distinct locations through the one or more first openings. A spacing member contacts the dampening member and is separated from the body by the dampening member. The spacing member has one or more second openings dimensioned to receive and secure the one or more cutaneous actuators.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media can identify a set of participants in a group video call, wherein each participant is associated with an uplink capacity and a downlink capacity, and the set of participants includes a set of sender participants and a set of subscriber participants. For a first sender participant of the set of sender participants, one or more video stream layers to be uploaded by the first sender participant are determined based on downlink capacities of one or more subscriber participants of the set of subscriber participants. Each subscriber participant of the one or more subscriber participants is assigned to receive one video stream layer of the one or more video stream layers to be uploaded by the first sender participant.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media can acquire a first map that represents a particular geographical region. The first map can be associated with an image map. A first vector map can be generated based on the image map with which the first map is associated. A second map that represents the particular geographical region can be acquired. The second map can be different from the first map and can be associated with a second vector map. One or more quantitative evaluations for at least one of the first map or the second map can be provided based on the first vector map and the second vector map.

Abstract: A method of posting ephemeral posts is disclosed. The method starts with receiving, from a user of a social network, a request to post an ephemeral post, the request including an ephemeral variable associated with a threshold event. The ephemeral post is posted on behalf of the user. Then an occurrence of the threshold event is monitored. When the threshold event has not occurred, the post is allowed to be accessible to at least one viewer other than the user. When the threshold event has occurred, the post is blocked from being accessible by the at least one view other than the user.

Abstract: An online system receives information describing a target group of online system users from a third party system and stores the information describing the target group. The online system subsequently uses the target group to select content for presentation to one or more users. For example, users included in the target group are identified as eligible to be presented with content items. Content items are associated with objectives satisfied when a specified interaction with the content item, or with an object associated with the content item, is received. Based on revenue obtained by the online system from presenting content based on the target group as well as interactions satisfying objectives associated with various presented content, the online system determines a monetization value for the target group. Based on the monetization value, the online system determines whether to continue storing the information describing the target group.

Abstract: Handheld controllers are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the controller includes a main body and a sensor assembly at least partially disposed in the main body. The sensor assembly can include a control surface (e.g., a button) configured to receive at least a portion of a user's finger. A sensor portion can be disposed between the control surface and a rear member. The sensor portion can comprise a foam layer, a backing layer and a sensor layer between the foam layer and the backing layer. The foam layer can be compressed toward the control surface to minimize an air gap between the sensor layer and the control surface.

Abstract: An online system presents a video from a third party system based on a video view value generate by the online system. Based on a target audience specification from the third party system, the online system selects a plurality of online system users as the audience of the video. The online system presents the video the selected users in a duration of time equal to a video presentation period received from the third party system. A play of the video by a selected user constitutes a historical view. The online system generates a video view value for the video based on historical views of the video by the selected users. The online system further applies the generated video view value for pacing delivery of the video by the online system.

Abstract: Applications in social networks support interaction between members through various types of channels such as notifications, newsfeed, and so forth. For each channel, applications are ranked based on their user affinity measures. User affinity is based on measuring positive and negative interactions by users as both senders and recipients of messages generated by applications. Metrics are computed for the different types of messages and interactions provided by applications. For each channel, an application receives user affinity score based on specific weighted combination of the metrics. Applications use channel resources to send messages to increase their user base. Given the large number of applications that are available, the extent to which applications are allowed to use channels is controlled, limiting their resource consumption. User affinity scores of applications calculated for a channel are used to decide the allocation of channel resources for an application.

Abstract: The disclosed system may include (1) a plurality of monitoring devices, where each of the plurality of monitoring devices is located at a different location along a powerline conductor and may include (a) at least one detection component that detects at least one physical characteristic at the location of the monitoring device along the powerline conductor, and (b) a transmitter that wirelessly transmits data indicating the at least one physical characteristic, and (2) a data injection device that (a) wirelessly receives the data indicating the at least one physical characteristic detected by the plurality of monitoring devices at the different locations along the powerline conductor, (b) transforms the data into an optical signal, and (c) injects the optical signal onto a fiber optic cable for transmission to a data collection subsystem. Various other systems and methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: Electronic messages may be processed using a stamp authority by receiving an electronic message, identifying a stamp associated the message, determining if the stamp is valid, and, if the stamp is determined to be valid, distinguishing the message from messages with which a valid stamp is not identified.

Abstract: A lens configured for transmitting light in a first medium to a first reference pupil includes an optically transparent substrate having a plurality of Fresnel structures. A draft angle of a respective Fresnel structure is based on a distance of the respective Fresnel structure from a reference axis of the lens. The draft angle of the respective Fresnel structure is between a first angle and a second angle. The first angle corresponds to a direction of a ray, in the first medium, transmitted from a reference off-axis position through the respective Fresnel structure toward a second reference pupil located further away from the substrate than the first reference pupil. The second angle corresponds to a direction of the ray, in the optically transparent substrate, transmitted from the reference off-axis position through the respective Fresnel structure toward the second reference pupil.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and non-transitory computer-readable media can acquire a set of media content items. A mood indication can be acquired. A soundtrack can be identified based on the mood indication. A video content item can be dynamically generated in real-time based on the set of media content items and the mood indication. The video content item can include the soundtrack.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and systems for beamforming to multiple users using switched passive time-delay structures are disclosed. One method includes an input switch that receives a plurality of input signals for transmission. Further, the apparatus includes a plurality of passive time-delay structures, wherein the input switch selectively connects the plurality of input signals to at least one of the plurality of passive time-delay structures, and wherein each of the passive time-delay structures is preconfigured to provide a plurality of delayed signals wherein each of the plurality of delayed signals is a delayed version of a one of the plurality of input signals. The apparatus further includes an antenna array, wherein the antenna array receives the plurality of delayed signals of the passive time-delay structures, and generates a beamforming pattern corresponding with a selected one of the passive time-delay structures.

Abstract: A head-mounted display (HMD) includes a hybrid fan, a printed circuit board (PCB) with one or more electronic components and a heat pipe to dissipate heat. The hybrid fan has a center axis extending from a rear side of the HMD to a front side of the HMD. The hybrid fan pulls air from a rear side of the HMD. The heat pipe has an end coupled to the PCB. The heat pipe partially surrounds a periphery of the hybrid fan and transfers heat away from at least the PCB. The HMD further includes a side cover and a front cover. The side cover encloses the hybrid fan, the PCB and the heat pipe. The front cover is attached to the side cover with a slit between an outer edge of the front cover and an outer edge of the side cover to discharge air from the hybrid fan.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a social networking system provides people look up service and establish anonymous communication session between users; creates contact association for future communication between users; and configures one or more privacy settings for users. The method may comprise receiving from an initiating user a request for information of a target user, determining location information associated with the initiating user, accessing one or more privacy settings of the target user to determine if the initiating user fulfills a requirement based on one or more social, spatiotemporal, geographic or temporal conditions associated with the target user and the location information associated with the initiating user, and in response to determining that the initiating user fulfills the requirement, providing the requested information of the target user to the initiating user.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes determining by a computing device a set of videos that a user may watch. For each video, a coefficient value is determined for each of one or more coefficient factors. At least one of the coefficient factors has a value that would be coincident with the user watching the video. A video coefficient for each video is calculated based on the coefficient values of its coefficient factors, and the videos are ranked based on their video coefficients. The rankings are then provided for presentation to the user.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes determining a sequence of image elements. For each image element in the sequence, a position in an array of contiguous image elements is determined. The position may be based on several factors, including at least: a size of the image element (large or small), an order of the image element in the sequence, and dimensions of the display array. The array of image elements may be rendered for display to the user such that the layout of the image elements is contiguous. If the user provides input re-sizing an image element or re-ordering the sequence of image elements, the array may be re-rendered.

Abstract: A varifocal block includes, in optical series, a switchable half waveplate (SHWP) and a plurality of liquid crystal (LC) lenses. The SHWP outputs circularly polarized light, and a handedness of the circularly polarized light is controlled by the SHWP being in an active state or a non-active state. Each LC lens of the plurality of LC lenses has a plurality of optical states, the plurality of optical states including an additive state that adds optical power to the LC lens and a subtractive state that removes optical power from the LC lens. The plurality of optical states of each of the plurality of the LC lenses compounded in optical series provides a range of adjustment of optical power for the varifocal block.

Abstract: A lens includes an optically transparent substrate having a first lens surface and a second lens surface opposite to the first lens surface. The first lens surface includes a plurality of Fresnel structures. A respective Fresnel structure of the plurality of Fresnel structures includes a slope facet and a draft facet. The draft facet is characterized by a draft angle which is based on a distance of the respective Fresnel structure from a reference axis of the lens. The draft angle is between a first angle and a second angle, the first angle corresponding to a direction of a ray, in a first medium, transmitted from a reference off-axis position through the respective Fresnel structure toward a reference pupil. The second angle corresponding to a direction of the ray, in the optically transparent substrate, transmitted from the reference off-axis position through the respective Fresnel structure toward the reference pupil.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a technique including receiving, from a client system of a user, a first location of the client system. The technique further including receiving, from the client system, an ID of an access point detected by the client system. The technique also including accessing, by the one or more computing devices, an index to determine a second location of the access point based on the ID. The technique further including determining, by the one or more computing devices, a refined location of the client system based on the first location and the second location. The technique also including generating, by the one or more computing devices, a prioritized list of regions based on the refined location and user data. The technique further including transmitting, by the one or more computing devices, information associated with the prioritized list of regions to the client system.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to, for a scene comprising a representation of at least one object and at least one sound source: obtaining a decomposition of the at least one object, the decomposition comprising at least one geometric component; modelling at least one interaction of the at least one object and the at least one sound source using the at least one geometric component; and, in dependence on the modelling of the at least one interaction, processing an audio input associated with the at least one sound source to obtain an audio output.

Abstract: A lens defined by a first lens surface and a second lens surface opposite to the first lens surface is disclosed. The lens includes a first portion; and a second portion that is distinct from the first portion and is located around the first portion. The first lens surface for the first portion of the lens is defined by a Fresnel surface profile. The second lens surface for the first portion of the lens is defined by a smooth surface profile. The first lens surface for a second portion of the lens is defined by a Fresnel surface profile. The second lens surface for the second portion of the lens is defined by a Fresnel surface profile.

Abstract: There is herein described light generating electronic components with improved light extraction and a method of manufacturing said electronic components. More particularly, there is described LEDs having improved light extraction and a method of manufacturing said LEDs.