Abstract: A method for forming a layered anode material includes contacting a precursor material and a first electrolyte. The precursor material is a layered ionic compound represented by MX2, where M is one of calcium and magnesium and X is one of silicon, germanium, and boron. The method further includes applying a first bias and/or current as the precursor material contacts the first electrolyte to remove cations from the precursor material to create a two-dimensional structure that defines the layered anode material. In certain variations, the method further includes contacting the two-dimensional structure and a second electrolyte and applying a second bias and/or current as the two-dimensional structure contacts the second electrolyte so as to cause lithium ions to move into interlayer spaces or voids created in the two-dimensional structure by the removal of the cations thereby forming the layered anode material.

Abstract: A method for displaying lane information on an augmented reality display includes receiving roadway data. The roadway data includes information about a roadway along a route of a vehicle. The roadway includes a plurality of lanes. The roadway data includes lane information about at least one of the plurality of lanes along the route of the vehicle. The method further includes receiving vehicle-location data. The vehicle-location data indicates a location of the vehicle. The method further includes determining that that the vehicle is approaching a road junction using the vehicle-location data and the roadway data. The method further includes, in response to determining that the vehicle is approaching the road junction, transmitting a command signal to a dual-focal plane augmented reality display to display at least one virtual image that is indicative of the lane information.

Abstract: A scan aggregator and filter for an autonomous vehicle includes a plurality of radar sensors, where each radar sensor performs a plurality of individual scans of a surrounding environment to obtain data in the form of a radar point cloud including a plurality of detection points. The scan aggregator and filter also includes an automated driving controller in electronic communication with the plurality of radar sensors. The automated driving controller is instructed to filter each of the individual scans to define a spatial region of interest and to remove the detection points of the radar point cloud that represent moving objects based on a first outlier-robust model estimation algorithm. The automated driving controller aggregates a predefined number of individual scans together based on a motion compensated aggregation technique to create an aggregated data scan and applies a plurality of density-based clustering algorithms to filter the aggregated data scan.

Abstract: A method of using a system for generating a centrally located floating image display includes displaying a first map image with a first display, receiving the first map image with a first reflector, reflecting the first map image with the first reflector, displaying, a second map image with a second display, receiving the second map image with a second reflector, reflecting the second map image with the second reflector, displaying first private information to the first passenger and second private information to the second passenger with a transparent display positioned between the first passenger and the first reflector and between the second passenger and the second reflector, receiving input from the first and second passengers with the system controller, and collecting images with an external scene camera.

Abstract: Method of detecting and overcoming degradation of image quality during a weather event and activation of windshield wipers. The method takes a high-contrast region of interest (ROI) of an image captured by a camera of a vehicle vision system, applies a Laplacian Operator that focuses on the pixel level in the ROI, and calculates a variance of the Laplacian. Images having an ROI below a predetermined variance threshold are classified or flagged as a low-quality image. Once a low-quality image is flagged, the camera settings can be readjusted in a feedback loop to compensate for the loss in quality of the captured image. This method may be stored as a software routine and implemented by a vision control module of the vision system.

Abstract: A vehicle system for recommending driving automation based on occupant behavior and emotion includes one or more input devices. The input devices generate an input signal associated with sensor data indicative of a current emotion and a current driving pattern of an occupant. The vehicle system further includes a computer having a processor and a non-transitory computer readable storage medium (CRM). The CRM stores multiple occupant behavior profiles, with each occupant behavior profile including a unique occupant identification and multiple historical driving patterns. Each driving pattern has an associated historical emotion for the unique occupant identification. The processor is programmed to determine a deviation of the current driving pattern from the historical driving patterns, compare the deviation to a threshold, and generate a notification signal. The notification device provides the notification to recommend that the occupant actuate the vehicle system.

Abstract: A vehicle seat includes a seat cushion, a seat back pivotally moveable between an upright position and a reclined position, and at least one upper arm support selectively moveable between a stowed position and an extended position, the at least one upper arm support adapted to provide support for an upper arm of an occupant when the seat back of the vehicle seat is in the reclined position and the at least one upper arm support is in the extended position.

Abstract: Presented are embedded control systems with logic for computation and data sharing, methods for making/using such systems, and vehicles with distributed sensors and embedded processing hardware for provisioning automated driving functionality. A method for operating embedded controllers connected with distributed sensors includes receiving a first data stream from a first sensor via a first embedded controller, and storing the first data stream with a first timestamp and data lifespan via a shared data buffer in a memory device. A second data stream is received from a second sensor via a second embedded controller. A timing impact of the second data stream is calculated based on the corresponding timestamp and data lifespan. Upon determining that the timing impact does not violate a timing constraint, the first data stream is purged from memory and the second data stream is stored with a second timestamp and data lifespan in the memory device.

Abstract: Examples described herein provide a computer-implemented method that includes calculating, by a processing device, a motor acceleration error based at least in part on a motor torque and a motor speed. The method further includes calculating, by the processing device, a regression fit line based at least in part on the motor acceleration error. The method further includes identifying, by the processing device, a zero point using the regression fit line. The method further includes comparing, by the processing device, the zero point to a datum reference to determine a difference. The method further includes integrating, by the processing device, the difference to determine the lash angle. The method further includes controlling, by the processing device, the motor based at least in part on the lash angle.

Abstract: An example of a vehicle electrical system includes a rechargeable energy storage system (RESS) having a first voltage and a power inverter electrically connected to the RESS. The system further includes an electric motor having a plurality of machine windings with each of the machine windings including a polyphase terminal electrically connected to the power inverter. The electric motor further includes a neutral terminal separate from the polyphase terminals. The system further includes an accessory load electrically connected to the power inverter and the neutral terminal of the electric motor, with the accessory load requiring a second voltage that is below the first voltage. A current flows through the machine windings to step down the first voltage to the second voltage. The power inverter is configured to cycle between first and second operational states, such that the power inverter steps down the first voltage to the second voltage.

Abstract: A mixed chemistry battery is provided. The mixed chemistry battery includes a reference module having a first chemistry and a battery module having a second chemistry that is different that the first chemistry, the battery module is connected to the reference module in series. The mixed chemistry battery also includes a battery monitoring system configured to monitor an open circuit voltage of the reference module, an open circuit voltage of the battery module, and a current flow through the reference module and the battery module. The battery monitoring system is further configured to calculate a state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-health (SOH) of the battery module based at least in part on a SOC of the reference module.

Abstract: A dual deflection ring system includes a pair of components that rotate relative to one another about an axis of rotation. One or more deflection rings are disposed between the components. The deflection ring(s) include two sets of pockets configured to provide two levels of compressibility in-series between the components. The two sets of pockets project radially relative to the axis of rotation and are compressible between the components.

Abstract: Methods, systems and a vehicle control system for a vehicle is provided. The vehicle control system includes an Electric Power Steering System (EPS), and a sensor system including a vehicle dynamics sensor configured to provide vehicle dynamics data and a temperature sensor configured to provide measured outside temperature. A processor is in operable communication with the EPS and the sensor system. The processor is configured to execute program instructions. The program instructions are configured to cause the processor to: execute an automated lateral control algorithm based on the vehicle dynamics data to generate a steering command, adapt the automated lateral control algorithm based on the measured outside temperature so that the steering command compensates for changing lateral response of the vehicle as a result of changing environmental temperature; and provide the steering command to the EPS, wherein the EPS is configured to laterally control the vehicle based on the steering command.

Abstract: A system in a vehicle includes memory to store values obtained for a battery that supplies current to one or more loads. The values include battery state of charge. A processor obtains a measured battery current from a battery current sensor and a measured total current from a current sensor at a battery center that supplies the current directly to the one or more loads, obtain a generator current or a direct current-to-direct current (DC-DC) converter current from the measured total current and the battery current, determine a maximum available current as a sum of a maximum available battery current and either the generator current or the DC-DC converter current, and stop a supply of the current to one or more of the one or more loads based on a result of a comparison of the maximum available current with current draw by the one or more loads.

Abstract: A hybrid augmented reality head-up display system for displaying graphics upon a windscreen of a vehicle includes a windscreen having a transparent substrate including light emitting particles dispersed within, a primary graphic projection device for generating a first set of images upon the windscreen of the vehicle based on visible light, and a secondary graphic projection device for generating a second set of images upon a secondary area the windscreen of the vehicle based on an excitation light. The first set of images are displayed upon a primary area of the windscreen. The light emitting particles in the windscreen emit visible light in response to absorbing the excitation light. The first set of images displayed upon the primary area of the windscreen cooperate with the second set of images displayed upon the secondary area of the windscreen to create an edge-to-edge augmented reality view.

Abstract: A system includes a first most probable cause (MPC) module, a second MPC module, and an integrated MPC module. The first MPC module is configured to determine a first most probable cause of an issue on a vehicle based on at least one service procedure for the vehicle. The second MPC module is configured to determine a second most probable cause of the issue based on repair data for other vehicles. The integrated MPC module is configured to determine an integrated most probable cause of the issue based on the first and second most probable causes.

Abstract: A control system for a vehicle includes wheel slip control loop including a wheel slip controller configured to control wheel slip based on wheel speed measured at one or more wheels of the vehicle. A wheel flare control loop includes a wheel flare controller configured to control wheel flare based on transmission output speed at an output of a transmission of the vehicle. A controller is configured to select one of the wheel slip controller to control the wheel slip and the wheel flare controller to control the wheel flare during operation of the vehicle.

Abstract: A reference electrode assembly for an electrochemical cell of a secondary lithium ion battery and methods of manufacturing the same. The reference electrode assembly includes a porous membrane having a major surface and a porous reference structure deposited on the major surface of the porous membrane. The porous reference structure includes a porous carbon layer and a porous reference electrode layer that at least partially overlaps the porous carbon layer on the major surface of the porous membrane.

Abstract: A hybrid electrochemical device including at least two electrically connected solid-state electrochemical cells is provided. Each electrochemical cell includes a first outer electrode having a first current collector and a first electroactive layer, a second outer electrode having a second current collector and a second electroactive layer, and one or more intervening electrodes disposed between the electroactive layers. At least one of the intervening electrodes includes one or more capacitor additives. The first outer electrode is electrically connected to at least one of the intervening electrodes in a first electrical configuration. The second outer electrode is electrically connected to at least one of the intervening electrodes in a second electrical configuration. The at least two electrochemical cells are electrically connected in a third electrical configuration.

Abstract: One general aspect includes a system having a memory configured to include one or more executable instructions and a processor configured to execute the executable instructions, where the executable instructions enable the processor to estimate a rate of change of a hitch angle between a trailer and vehicle, the estimated rate of change of the hitch angle being based on a turn angle for a plurality of rear wheels of the vehicle as well as a speed of the vehicle.

Abstract: A propulsion control system has an electric motor configured to generate an axle torque in response to a final torque command, and has a motor constraint that specifies a maximum torque. A motor controller is configured to generate the final torque command in response to an intermediate torque command and a distributed power limit command. An open-loop function in supervisory controller is configured to calculate an initial torque command vector in response to a driver torque command, calculate an intended operating vector by mapping the initial torque command vector into a multidimensional power space, generate the intermediate torque command by clipping the intended operating vector in response to the motor constraint, generate a constrained command vector by clipping the intended operating vector in response to the motor constraint and a plurality of energy storage constraints, and generate the distributed power limit command in response to the constrained command vector.

Abstract: A compressor system includes a compressor housing including an inlet opening and a diffuser outlet, the compressor housing includes a first recirculation passage extending from the diffuser outlet to a mounting face of the compressor housing. The compressor housing defines a cavity that receives a compressor wheel. An inlet adapter is mounted to the mounting face of the compressor housing and the inlet adapter includes a second recirculation passage in communication with the first recirculation passage in the compressor housing and with a compressor air inlet passage of the inlet adapter. A recirculation valve is mounted to the inlet adapter and is disposed in communication with the second recirculation passage for providing a selective connection of the first recirculation passage to the compressor air inlet passage.

Abstract: A method for detecting a contaminant in a vehicle coolant system during service includes contacting a chromophore impregnated strip and a heat transfer fluid sample, where the chromophore impregnated strip includes a complexing agent selected to form a complex with the contaminant that causes a color change in the chromophore impregnated strip and thereby indicates the presence of the contaminant in the heat transfer fluid sample.

Abstract: A method of notifying an owner of a lost item in a vehicle having a vehicle compartment is provided. The method comprises providing at least one sensor to sense the lost item in the vehicle compartment. The method further comprises sensing the lost item on a point relative to a spherical coordinate system to define a sensed item data and determining a position of the lost item in cartesian coordinates based on the sensed item data to define a position data. The method further comprises translating the sensed item data and the position data for visualization of the lost item to define an item image of the lost item relative to the vehicle compartment, and updating an inventory list of lost objects to include the lost item with the item image. The method further comprises identifying the owner of the lost item by way of a perception algorithm, providing notification to the owner of the lost item, and providing viewable access of the item image such that the image is viewed by the owner of the lost item.

Abstract: A battery cathode includes: a current collector; and a coating applied to the current collector, the coating including: conductive carbon; polyvinylidene fluoride binder polymer; acid-functionalized dispersant polymer; and electrochemically active layered metal oxide.

Abstract: A method for adapting a usage level of a battery pack includes measuring cell sense data for each respective battery cell using a cell sense circuit, the cell sense data including a cell voltage, current, and temperature. The method includes processing the cell sense data, for each respective battery cell, through multiple battery state functions of a controller to generate numeric cell degradation values (CDVs). The battery state functions are calibrated relationships of the cell sense data to predetermined battery fault conditions. Thereafter, the method includes automatically adapting the usage level of the battery pack during operation of the battery pack, via the controller, based on the numeric CDVs. An electric powertrain system includes the battery pack, cell sense circuit, a rotary electric machine, and a controller configured to execute the above method.

Abstract: A battery includes positive and negative current collectors and a plurality of bipolar electrodes arranged in a stack between the positive and negative current collectors. The positive and negative current collectors and the stack of the plurality of bipolar electrodes are folded in an S-shape.

Abstract: A calibration pipeline for 6DoF alignment parameters for an autonomous vehicle includes an automated driving controller instructed to receive inertial measurement unit (IMU) poses and final radar poses and determine smoothened IMU poses from the IMU poses and smoothened final radar poses from the final radar poses. The automated driving controller aligns the smoothened IMU poses and the smoothened final radar poses with one another to create a plurality of radar-IMU A, B relative pose pairs. The automated riving controller determines a solution yielding a threshold number of inliers of further filtered radar-IMU A, B relative pose pairs, randomly samples the further filtered radar-IMU A, B relative pose pairs with replacements several times to determine a stream of filtered radar-IMU A, B relative pose pairs, and solves for a solution X for the stream of filtered radar-IMU A, B relative pose pairs.

Abstract: An antenna system operates in a hybrid coplanar waveguide and rectangular waveguide mode. A slot array with a conductive layer is disposed on a substrate and defines a coplanar waveguide joining a number of side slots arranged in a line forming the slot array. Another substrate is spaced apart from the substrate and a ground plane is defined thereon. A defined volume waveguide is disposed between the substrates. The array is configured to radiate a radiation pattern in a hybrid mode that results from a combination of the slot array and the defined volume waveguide. The side slots may be elliptical in shape for side lobe level reduction.

Abstract: A cabinet includes a locking system having a cabinet body including a bottom wall, a top wall, a first side wall, a second, opposing side wall, and a third side wall connected to the bottom wall, the top wall, and between the first side wall and the second side wall. At least one door is pivotally mounted to the cabinet body. The at least one door, bottom wall, top wall, first side wall, second side wall, and third side wall define a storage volume. A lock mechanism including a latch and release element is pivotally mounted inside the storage volume. The latch and release element is accessible only in the storage volume. A lock opening extends through the cabinet body at the lock mechanism. A lock element is insertable through the lock opening. The lock element includes a latch receiver that is selectively engageable by the latch and release element.

Abstract: A vehicle, and a system and method for operating the vehicle. The system includes a sensor and a processor. The sensor obtains a detection set related to an object at a range from the vehicle. The processor is configured to select a convolution path for the detection set based on a range of the object, wherein the convolution path includes one or more convolutional layers and a number of the one or more convolutional layers is dependent on the range of the object, apply the one or more convolutional layers of the selected convolution path to the detection set to generate a filtered data set, and operate the vehicle with respect to the object using the filtered data set.

Abstract: A system for use with a direct current fast-charging (DCFC) station includes a controller and battery system. The battery system includes first and second battery packs, and first, second, and third switches. The switches have ON/OFF conductive states commanded by the controller to connect the battery packs in a parallel-connected (P-connected) or series-connected (S-connected) configuration. An electric powertrain with one or more electric machines is powered via the battery system. First and second charge ports of the system are connectable to the station via a corresponding charging cable. The first charge port receives a low or high charging voltage from the station. The second charge port receives a low charging voltage. When the station can supply the high charging voltage to the first charge port, the controller establishes the S-connected configuration via the switches, and thereafter charges the battery system solely via the first charge port.

Abstract: A system for managing vehicle body and wheel motion control with a dual clutch differential includes sensors and actuators disposed on the vehicle, the sensors measuring real-time static and dynamic data and the actuators altering static and dynamic behavior of the motor vehicle. A control module executes program code portions stored in memory. The program code portions receive the real-time static and dynamic data; selectively prioritize torque output from a prime mover of the vehicle through the differential to driven wheels of the vehicle to control a body and the driven wheels; model and estimate clutch torque for each clutch of the dual clutch differential; model and estimate a joint clutch torque, a tire force, and corner torque; and generate a torque output for each clutch of the dual clutch differential that is selected to maintain one or more of body control, wheel control, and stability of the motor vehicle.