Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to fabrication methods and resulting structures having a back-end-of-line (BEOL) single damascene (SD) top via spacer defined by pillar mandrels. In a non-limiting embodiment of the invention, a first conductive line is formed in a first dielectric layer. A mandrel is formed over the first conductive line and a spacer is formed on a sidewall of the mandrel. A portion of a second dielectric layer is recessed to expose a top surface of the spacer and a top surface of the mandrel and the mandrel is removed. The spacer prevents damage to the second dielectric layer while removing the mandrel. The mandrel is replaced with a conductive material. A first portion of the conductive material defines a via and a second portion of the conductive material defines a second conductive line. The via couples the first conductive line to the second conductive line.

Abstract: Various approaches for managing one or more computational commodities in a virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI) include receiving a collection of utilization records for a user utilizing a desktop resource supported by the computational commodity in a desktop pool, each utilization record corresponding to a utilization rate of the computational commodity by the user; and augmenting or reducing allocation of the computational commodity to the desktop resource utilized by the user based at least in part on the utilization rates.

Abstract: An example operation may include one or more of connecting, by a lead peer, to a blockchain network of an organization configured to store assets, receiving, by the lead peer, a block from an ordering server, that contains a plurality of chaincode transactions belonging to a plurality of peers of the blockchain, applying, by the lead peer, a filter to the block, determining, by the lead peer, a recipient peer of the block in response to the application of the filter, and receiving, by the lead peer, a notification of validation and commitment of the block to the blockchain by the recipient peer.

Abstract: A stacked field effect transistor device is provided. The stacked field effect transistor device includes a lower semiconductor channel segment between a first pair of source/drains, and an upper semiconductor channel segment between a second pair of source/drains. The stacked device further includes a gate dielectric layer on the upper and lower semiconductor channel segments, and a first work function material layer on the gate dielectric layer on the lower semiconductor channel segment. The stacked device further includes a first conductive gate fill on the first work function material layer, and a replacement work function material layer on the gate dielectric layer on the upper semiconductor channel segment and the first conductive gate fill, wherein the replacement work function material layer is a different work function material from the first work function material layer. The device further includes a replacement conductive gate fill on the replacement work function material layer.

Abstract: A computer system, computer program product, and computer-implemented method are provided for facility evacuation. The method includes determining one or more environmental conditions adverse to one or more occupants within a structure at least partially enclosing a ventilation system and one or more passageways therein. The method also includes predicting movement patterns of the one or more adverse environmental conditions within the at least a portion of the structure. The method further includes creating, through the ventilation system, at least partially subject to the predicting, one or more evacuation routes including at least a first portion of the one or more passageways comprising reducing, at least partially, the one or more adverse environmental conditions within the one or more evacuation routes.

Abstract: A computational device of a virtual reality system receives a volumetric video in an uncompressed form. A first portion of the volumetric video that is less than an entirety of the volumetric video is compressed, wherein a second portion of the volumetric video that is less than the entirety of the volumetric video is maintained in the uncompressed form.

Abstract: A method of using a computing device using natural language software to respond to a Boolean question is presented. The method includes receiving, by a computing device, a question and at least one passage. The computing device classifies the question as a Boolean type question. The computing device generates evidence from the at least one passage to the Boolean question. The computing device generates a response to the Boolean question using the generated evidence. The computing device provides the generated evidence that supports the response to the Boolean question.

Abstract: Methods, computer program products, and systems are presented. The methods include customer specific information exchange and an adjustment of the privacy level of this information. For this purpose an abstraction layer and an obfuscation module are introduced. Using a “fraud vector” a risk assessment is performed on the obfuscated transaction data.

Abstract: A computer receives one or more security alerts. The computer selects a subset of the one or more security alerts for processing. The computer executes one or more queries automatically, based on the subset of the one or more security alerts. The computer identifies one or more related processes, wherein the one or more related processes are related to information contained within the subset of the one or more security alerts. The computer displays a full flow of a malware attack, wherein the full flow includes the information contained within the subset of the one or more security alerts and the one or more related processes.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method, computer system, and computer program product for selecting methods of interfacing between a smart headset and a user based on privacy risk is provided. The present invention may include determining a privacy context of the smart headset based on the location, surrounding environment, and content associated with a smart headset, selecting at least one output method and at least one input method compatible with the smart headset based on the security of the output method and the input method within the privacy context, and operating the smart headset to interface with a user using the at least one output method and the at least one input method.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for transferring a data signal including receiving a digital data signal by a first input of a multiplexer of a transmitter operably coupled to a data link; transmitting, by a digital data signal output of the multiplexer, the digital data signal to a receiver that is operably coupled to the data link; receiving, by a selection signal input of the multiplexer, a first selection signal that indicates an idle mode for the transmitter; receiving, by a second input of the multiplexer, a patterned data signal; and transmitting, by the digital data signal output and in response to the first selection signal, the patterned data signal to the receiver.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a method, system, and computer program product for efficient execution of a decision tree. According to the method, respective target values of a plurality of attributes of a target entity are obtained. Representations of a plurality of leaf nodes of a decision tree are obtained. Each of the representations indicates respective statistic values of a plurality of attributes of historical entities and a statistic prediction result determined from historical prediction results output at a respective one of the plurality of leaf nodes for the historical entities. Distance measures between the target entity and the plurality of leaf nodes are determined based on the target values and the statistic values indicated by the representations of the plurality of leaf nodes. A target prediction result for the target entity is determined based on the distance measures and the statistic prediction results of the historical entities.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for testing a data removal from a trained machine learning model trained with a training data set are provided. A new machine learning model is trained by using an altered data set that includes training data from the training data set. The altered data set is without removal data. A first forgetting mechanism is applied to the trained machine learning model to form a first revised machine learning model. The applying includes removing the removal data from the trained machine learning model. A first membership leakage quantification on the first revised machine learning model is performed to quantify a first membership leakage of the removal data and that uses the new machine learning model for comparison. A first leakage score is determined from the first membership leakage quantification to test the forgetting mechanism.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method, computer system, and computer program product for converting traffic noises is provided. The embodiment may include capturing audio input relating to traffic conditions or environmental conditions surrounding a user or a vehicle containing a user. The embodiment may also identifying undesirable noises from within the captured audio. The embodiment may further include generating mood-improving sounds for a user based on the identified noises. The embodiment may also playing the generated sounds for the user. The embodiment may further include alerting the user or a second user of relevant traffic conditions or relevant environmental conditions including conditions that correspond to the identified noises.

Abstract: A variable solar panel assembly includes a conventional solar panel, a mirror panel, and a transparent solar panel. The variable solar panel assembly is configured to reflect, by the mirror panel, light passing through the transparent solar panel towards the conventional solar panel. A method for managing an angle between the mirror panel and the conventional solar panel includes determining a position of a light source relative to a position of the variable solar panel assembly and adjusting the mirror panel to reflect light from the light source towards the conventional solar panel of the variable solar panel assembly.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide computer-implemented methods, computer program products and computer systems. For example, embodiments of the present invention can, in response to receiving a request, analyze one or more components of a network. Embodiments of the present invention can predict an optimal migration path for the one or more components of the network based, at least in part on an opportunity rating for each respective component of the network. Embodiments of the present invention can then generate one or more recommendations based on the predicted optimal migration path of the one or more components.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure relate to haptic effect management. A haptic effect that is captured using a vibration sensor can be obtained, the haptic effect defined by a waveform. The haptic effect can be saved to a haptic effect library, the haptic effect library containing a plurality of captured haptic effects. The haptic effect can be mapped to at least one software feature, wherein the haptic effect is generated in response to the at least one software feature being activated.

Abstract: Systems, computer-implemented methods, and computer program products to facilitate translation of a quantum design across multiple applications are provided. According to an embodiment, a system can comprise a memory that stores computer executable components and a processor that executes the computer executable components stored in the memory. The computer executable components can comprise a quantum library component that stores a data structure representing a quantum geometry that is a physical representation of a quantum element in a quantum component. The computer executable components can further comprise a quantum renderer component that translates the quantum geometry into a defined format of an application based on the data structure.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products for automated domain-specific constrained decoding from speech inputs to structured resources are provided herein.

Abstract: An entity learning recognition method, system, and computer program product include learning (i.e., in a training phase) from at least one entity to produce augments entities such that an augmented entity is still recognizable as the original entity but differs sufficiently to produce a different feature representation of the entity to create a database for use (i.e., in an implementation phase).

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, computer system, and computer program product for measuring a quality of a chatbot response. The present invention may include receiving one or more classifications, receiving a set of questions in a chatbot to be analyzed, filtering any question from the received set of questions that is not related to an area of expertise of the chatbot, matching at least two questions from the received set of questions to each other, and applying at least one of the one or more classifications to the at least two matched questions. The one or more classifications may be based on a similarity of words and synonyms used in the at least two matched questions. The one or more classifications may be based on a similarity of intents of the at least two matched questions.

Abstract: Techniques that can facilitate high-transparency semiconductor-metal interfaces are provided. In one example, a method can comprise forming a silicon on insulator (SOI) over a wafer. The method can further comprise depositing a metal on the SOI. The method can further comprise forming a structure by dry-etching the metal and dry-etching the SOI. The method can further comprise forming a template over the structure. The method can further comprise etching a portion of the SOI for removal under the metal. The method can further comprise growing a semiconductor where the portion of SOI was removed.

Abstract: A method for geolocating a mobile computing device within an indoor environment. One embodiment may comprise generating a geolocation request audio signal by a speaker of a first device starting at a first point in time, receiving, by a microphone of the first device, a reply audio signal from a second device, and extracting, by one or more processors of the first device, information encoded in the reply audio signal. The method may further comprise estimating, by the one or more processors, a receipt time by the first device for the reply audio signal and calculating a first time of flight (TOF) using the first point in time and the estimated receipt time for a second audio signal. The first device may comprise a smartphone and the second device may comprise a beacon located at a known location in an indoor environment.

Abstract: A quantum computer includes a quantum processor that includes a first plurality of qubits arranged in a hexagonal lattice pattern such that each is substantially located at a hexagon apex, and a second plurality of qubits each arranged substantially along a hexagon edge. Each of the first plurality of qubits is coupled to three nearest-neighbor qubits of the second plurality of qubits, and each of the second plurality of qubits is coupled to two nearest-neighbor qubits of the first plurality of qubits. Each of the second plurality of qubits is a control qubit at a control frequency. Each of the first plurality of qubits is a target qubit at one of a first target frequency or a second target frequency. The quantum computer includes an error correction device configured to operate on the hexagonal lattice pattern of the plurality of qubits so as to detect and correct data errors.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention may include a method, computer program product and system for digital indoor navigation. An embodiment may include determining an area type for each distinct area depicted within the digital indoor mapping image based on an identified color used as a fill for each distinct area. In response to receiving a request for indoor navigation comprising a starting point and a destination point within the image, an embodiment may include determining a navigation path from the starting point to the destination point based on analysis of the request and the determined area types, wherein the navigation path traverses one or more distinct areas depicted within the image based on the identified color.

Abstract: Track transformations of mature digital twins from time of creation to decommissioning of the physical asset. As physical assets evolve, changes, repairs, maintenance and services relevant to the physical assets originally provided, can be applied or deemed inapplicable in the current state. Mature digital twins are leveraged to identify proposed changes to physical assets and compare original digital twins of the base asset to determine whether deviations over time render the proposed changes irrelevant. Irrelevant changes, due to deviations from the original digital twin, are further analyzed to determine whether the irrelevancy is due to a previous action performed on the physical asset and update to the mature digital twin. Previous updates to physical assets, reflected in the mature digital twin, can be eligible for rebates and incentives where the asset owners performed actions that render proposed updates irrelevant, while relevant changes are approved and permeated to mature digital twins.

Abstract: In an approach for reducing economic loss due to traffic events, a processor receives a set of transportation operation information from one or more transportation service providers about a traffic event. A processor analyzes the set of transportation operation information to identify an area affected by the traffic event and one or more users affected by the traffic event. A processor gathers a set of information about each user of the one or more users affected by the traffic event. A processor prioritizes the one or more users affected by the traffic event. A processor determines an alternative plan for each user of the one or more users affected by the traffic event based on the set of information and a priority number given to each user. A processor proposes the alternative plan to each user of the one or more users affected by the traffic event.

Abstract: Devices, systems, methods, computer-implemented methods, apparatus, and/or computer program products that can facilitate an epitaxial Josephson junction transmon device are provided. According to an embodiment, a device can comprise a substrate. The device can further comprise an epitaxial Josephson junction transmon device coupled to the substrate. According to an embodiment, a device can comprise an epitaxial Josephson junction transmon device coupled to a substrate. The device can further comprise a tuning gate coupled to the substrate and formed across the epitaxial Josephson junction transmon device. According to an embodiment, a device can comprise a first superconducting region and a second superconducting region formed on a substrate. The device can further comprise an epitaxial Josephson junction tunneling channel coupled to the first superconducting region and the second superconducting region.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to an intelligent computer platform to build a federated learning framework including creating a hierarchy of machine learning models (MLMs). The hierarchy of MLMs has a primary MLM in a primary layer. Training the primary MLM includes capturing contributing model updates across at least one communication channel. A secondary MLM is created and logically positioned in a secondary layer of the hierarchy. The secondary MLM is operatively coupled to the primary MLM across the at least one communication channel. The created secondary MLM is initialized, including cloning weights and framework of the primary MLM into the secondary MLM, and populated with secondary data. The populated data has model updates local to the created secondary MLM. The secondary MLM is logically stored local to the secondary layer, and limits access to the secondary MLM to the secondary layer.

Abstract: A method can include obtaining device data for a set of edge devices. The method can further include obtaining a predicted travel path of a focal entity. The method can further include determining, for a first edge device of the set of edge devices and based on the device data, a first proximity of the first edge device to the predicted travel path. The method can further include selecting the first edge device based, at least in part, on the first proximity. The method can further include transmitting, in response to the selecting the first edge device, a workload to the first edge device. The method can further include receiving, in response to the transmitting the workload, first captured data obtained by the first edge device. The method can further include transmitting the first captured data to an electronic user device.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for predicting an effect of an intervention on managed computing resources using a first system automation management system, comprising an automated operations controller and at least one automation agent is disclosed. The method comprises sending initial state data of the first system automation management system to a second system automation management system which is a functional duplicate of the first system automation management system, sending a status change command and a related expected response vector, equivalent to a result of the intervention to the second system automation management system, determining, by the second system automation management system, a predicted response vector of the managed computing resources in response to the received status change command, and responding, by the second system automation management system, with the determined response vector and a set of predicted actions derived therefrom.

Abstract: A computer implemented method manages connections. A number of processor units monitor connection requests to access a set of backend resources. The number of processor units identify request groups for the connection requests based on authentication data in the connection requests. The number of processor units analyze the connection requests to identify a usage trend for connections by the request groups. The number of processor units predict the usage trend of the connections for a period of time to form a predicted usage trend for connections in the period of time. The number of processor units manage a connection pool based on the predicted usage trend for the connections in the period of time.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a computer-implemented method for linking identity information of a physical identifier to a digital identifier. The identity information comprises a plurality of symbols. The method comprises cryptographically obfuscating one or more symbols of the identity information separately into an obfuscated symbol such that a separate deobfuscation information is needed for each obfuscated symbol to deobfuscate it and storing the obfuscated symbols within the digital identifier.

Abstract: A container specification is received. The container specification includes a definition of an image. The image definition specifies the running of one or more prestart runtime commands. The image definition is inspected to identify whether the image definition includes specifying the running of one or more prestart runtime commands. The image is started on a host system, wherein in response to identifying that the image definition includes running one or more prestart runtime commands, the starting of the image includes running the one or more prestart runtime commands prior to the container entering a running state.

Abstract: A method for improving computing efficiency of a computing device for temporal directed cycle detection in a transaction graph includes preparing the transaction graph based on a plurality of transactions, the transaction graph including nodes indicating transaction origination points and transaction destination points, and edges indicating interactions between the nodes. Irrelevant nodes in the transaction graph are identified and pruned to provide a pruned, preprocessed transaction graph which can be partitioning into sections, where each section includes selected nodes that are linked to other linked nodes therein. Each of the sections having non-cyclic nodes can be trimmed prior to performing cycle detection on the resulting pruned transaction graph. Postprocessing pruning can be performed to further reduce the number of detected cycles that may be of interest to a particular application, such as in anti-money laundering.

Abstract: An example system includes a processor to pre-train a transformer-based language model on a general domain. The processor can inter-train the pre-trained transformer-based language model using partitioning and classification to generate an inter-trained transformer-based pre-trained language model. The processor can then fine-tune the inter-trained transformer-based pre-trained language model on a target task to generate a fine-tuned transformer-based language model.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, system and computer program product for recommending join operations of relational data among different tables. Relationships between one or more pairs of columns of relational data for one or more pairs of tables are identified by determining the semantic similarity between each pair of columns of relational data. The data content join converge for each of the identified relationships in connection with joining the tables involved in such identified relationships is determined. Furthermore, a join strength (indication of the degree that the relational data in the paired columns match) is calculated for each of the identified relationships based on the semantic similarity and the data content join coverage for such identified relationships. Based on the calculated join strength as well as other factors, a combination optimization algorithm identifies the best join combinations of relational data of the tables among a set of tables.

Abstract: An example operation may include one or more of receiving, by a processing node, a plurality of documents reflecting at least one action performed on supply-chain assets at a location of an asset supply-chain node, translating, by the processing node, the plurality of the documents into a plurality of entry and exit events of the supply-chain assets, and generating incomplete or non-chronological supply chain assets-related data based on the plurality of the entry and the exit events.

Abstract: A token is transmitted to a certification computing system, and a piece of information is received in association with the token from a source computing system. The piece of information is accepted according to the token, which provides a certification relating to the piece of information being granted by a transmission of the token from the certification computing system to the source computing system.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method, computer system, and computer program product for manual driving of an autonomous vehicle via a virtual steering wheel. The embodiment may include identifying a user request to manually drive an autonomous vehicle. In response to determining that driving credentials of the user are validated, the embodiment may include displaying a virtual steering wheel to the user within the autonomous vehicle. The embodiment may include providing haptic feedback to the user in response to hand-based interaction with the displayed virtual steering wheel. The embodiment may include enabling manual drive of the autonomous vehicle by the user via the displayed virtual steering wheel.

Abstract: Techniques for integrated authentication for a container-based environment are described herein. An aspect includes accessing, by an application that is running in a container in a container environment that is hosted by a hypervisor on a host system, an authentication module that is located in the container environment. Another aspect includes invoking an authentication handler in the container environment based on the accessing of the authentication module. Another aspect includes passing control to the hypervisor from the authentication handler. Another aspect includes retrieving a security artifact from a security database of the host system by the hypervisor. Another aspect includes providing the retrieved security artifact to the application via the authentication handler. Another aspect includes performing an authentication operation by the application using the security artifact.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention include a semiconductor device having a fin-shaped channel with a bottom surface, sidewalls and a top surface. A first source or drain (S/D) region is communicatively coupled to the fin-shaped channel, and a sub-channel region is between the bottom surface of the fin-shaped channel and a substrate. A U-shaped dielectric region within a first portion of the sub-channel region, wherein the U-shaped dielectric region includes a bottom isolation layer and a first inner spacer region. A wrap-around gate structure extends around the bottom surface, the sidewalls and the top surface of the fin-shaped channel, wherein a bottom region of the wrap-around gate structure is within a second portion of the sub-channel region.

Abstract: An approach to identifying the use of deprecated source code in software repositories and recommending a replacement. Parsing one or more software repositories for software source code, identified as deprecated, by a machine learning model. Responsive to identifying the deprecated software source code, alerting a first one or more software developers responsible for maintaining a software source code module using the deprecated software source code; and recommending an alternative software source code for use in the software source code module to replace the deprecated software source code to the first one or more software developers.

Abstract: Described are systems for electronic heatsink safety including a system comprising a thermoelectric generator integrated into a heatsink, where the thermoelectric generator includes a first portion exposed to ambient temperature and a second portion contacting the heatsink, and where the thermoelectric generator is configured to produce a current based on a temperature difference between the first portion and the second portion. The system further comprises a first Light Emitting Diode (LED) electrically connected to the thermoelectric generator, where the current is configured to activate the first LED.

Abstract: Using a model executing on a classical processor, a set of classical features is scored. The scored set of classical features is divided into a set of feature groups, a number of classical features in a group determined according to a qubit capability of a quantum processor. Using a model executing on the quantum processor and a group of the scored set of classical features, a set of quantum features is scored. The score of a quantum feature is adjusted according to an accuracy of the quantum data model. The scored set of classical features and the scored set of quantum features are combined according to a measure of differences between the scored set of classical features and the scored set of quantum features. Using the combined set of scored features and a first set of input data of a resource, a valuation of a resource is calculated.

Abstract: Adaptive content masking is provided. Content visibility customizations are applied to a view of shared information by respective participants during screen sharing in a web conferencing meeting using content visibility control settings. Content visibility is adjusted via adaptive learning based on frequency and type of screen sharing previously completed between a content presenter and respective participants of the web conferencing meeting. Content masking is applied adaptively based on monitoring the shared information and correlating the shared information with respective participants by retrieving meeting information prior to the web conferencing meeting and retrieving screen capture attributes from metadata of the web conferencing meeting that are mapped to the shared information being displayed on screens corresponding to respective participants.

Abstract: An interconnection layer carrying structure for transferring an interconnection layer onto a substrate is disclosed. The interconnection layer carrying structure includes a support substrate, a release layer on the support substrate; and an interconnection layer on the release layer. The interconnection layer includes an organic insulating material and a set of pads embedded in the organic insulating material. The set of the pads is configured to face towards the support substrate. The support substrate has a base part where the interconnection layer is formed and an extended part extending outside the base part.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method according to one approach includes receiving behavior data associated with a user's behavior on at least one device. The behavior data is based on one or more of an email account, a browser history, password usage and online behavior history. Risk levels associated with the behavior data are generated and role-based risk events are predicted based on the behavior data. The method further includes simulating the role-based risk events based on the risk levels, and adjusting role-based access control of the user based on results of the simulating. A computer program product for adjusting role-based access control according to another approach includes a computer readable storage medium having program instructions embodied therewith. The program instructions are readable and/or executable by a computer to cause the computer to perform the foregoing method.

Abstract: One embodiment provides a method, including: receiving, within a conversational agent creation framework used to create conversational agents that perform negotiations on behalf of users, (i) a selection of one of a plurality of conversational agent roles (ii) negotiation constraints for the selected role, and (iii) an object for the negotiation; creating a conversational agent (i) having the selected role and (ii) programmed with the negotiation constraints; identifying at least one other conversational agent (i) having an opposing role with respect to the object and (ii) being programmed with opposing role negotiation constraints; and conducting a conversational session between the conversational agent and the at least one other conversational agent, wherein the conversational session comprises the negotiation for the object and wherein the conversational agent and the at least one other conversational agent perform the negotiation in view of the negotiation constraints and the opposing role negotiation con

Abstract: An apparatus comprises one or more A-type resistance segments, wherein each A-type resistance segment comprises one or more A-type switches, at least one A-type linear resistor coupled to the one or more A-type switches, at least one A-type tunable header unit coupled to the one or more A-type switches, and at least one A-type tunable footer unit coupled to the one or more A-type switches; one or more B-type resistance segments, wherein each B-type resistance segment comprises one or more B-type switches, at least one B-type linear resistor coupled to at least a proper subset of the one or more B-type switches, at least one B-type tunable header unit coupled to the one or more B-type switches, and at least one B-type tunable footer unit coupled to the one or more B-type switches; and wherein second terminals of the A-type linear resistors and the B-type linear resistors are coupled together.