Abstract: A vertical transistor that includes a gate structure containing a work function metal liner that is wing-free is provided. The wing-free work function metal liner is provided by recessing a sacrificial material layer portion that is located adjacent to a work function metal liner having a winged surface near the channel and fin ends. The recessed sacrificial material layer portion allows for multi-directional etching of the winged surface of the work function metal liner and thus the wing surface can be removed forming a wing-free work function metal liner. The vertical transistor of the present application has reduced parasitic capacitance and a reduced tendency of electrical shorting between a top source/drain structure and the gate structure. The method of the present application can improve device yield.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device comprises forming a bottom source/drain region on a semiconductor substrate, forming a channel region extending vertically from the bottom source/drain region, growing a top source/drain region from an upper portion of the channel region, and growing a gate region from a lower portion of the channel region under the upper portion, wherein the gate region is on more than one side of the channel region.

Abstract: A technique relates to a semiconductor device. A bipolar transistor includes an emitter layer and a base layer, where the emitter layer and the base layer are doped with an impurity, the impurity being a same for the emitter and base layers. The bipolar transistor includes a collector layer.

Abstract: Methods and systems for generating an identifier includes testing an operational characteristic for each device in an array of pairs of devices. Each pair of devices includes a first device and a second device. The first device of each pair has a higher inter-device uniformity for the operational characteristic than the second device of the pair. The operational characteristic between the first device and the second device is compared for each pair of devices to generate a respective identifier bit for each pair of devices. An identifier is generated from the identifier bits.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for interconnecting two components. The first component includes a first substrate and a set of structured metal pads arranged on a main surface. Each of the pads includes one or more channels, extending in-plane with an average plane of the pad, so as to form at least two raised structures. The second interconnect component includes a second substrate and a set of metal pillars arranged on a main surface. The structured metal pads are bonded to a respective, opposite one of the metal pillars, using metal paste. The paste is sintered to form porous metal joints at the level of the channels. Metal interconnects are obtained between the substrates. During the bonding, the metal paste is sintered by exposing the structured metal pads and metal pillars to a reducing agent. The channels and raised structures improve the penetration of the reducing agent.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products for systematic browsing of automated conversation exchange program knowledge bases are provided herein. A computer-implemented method includes generating one or more initial questions to be submitted to an automated conversation exchange program; generating one or more natural language variants of the initial questions; submitting the one or more natural language variants of the initial questions to the automated conversation exchange program; identifying one or more valid responses returned by the automated conversation exchange program in response to the submitted natural language variants of the initial questions; deriving one or more items of data from the identified valid responses; storing the derived items of data in an automated conversation exchange program knowledge base; and systematically browsing the automated conversation exchange program knowledge base in connection with one or more application tasks.

Abstract: Providing real-time awareness of an audience to a presenter during the presentation. In response to presenting a presentation to an audience, information is automatically collected about the audience from sensors positioned amongst the audience. The collected information about the audience is analyzed and, during the presentation, recommendations are made to the presenter for improving the presentation based on the collected information.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for improving social media network actions is provided. The present invention may include determining a proposed action by a user and predicting a predicted influence score for the proposed action. The present invention may include identifying a prior related action in the user's social media network. The present invention may include retrieving a previously calculated average influence score for the type and user of the prior related action and applying a decay profile to the average influence score from the time of the action to a current time. The present invention may include comparing the predicted influence score with the decayed average influence score at the current time. The present invention may include posting the proposed action on the social media network at a time when the predicted influence score is greater than the decayed average influence score.

Abstract: Managing cooperative computer software applications by applying a link analysis algorithm to a data set including identifiers representing a plurality of computer software applications and including indicators of operational relationships between the computer software applications, thereby associating a cooperation value with each of the computer software applications represented within the data set, and notifying a computer software application manager of the computer software applications and their associated cooperation values.

Abstract: Content interaction data associated with content is received and analyzed to determine a sentiment associated with the content. The content interaction data is associated with a first geographical location. Trending of the content to a predetermined level is predicted in at least one other geographical location based upon the sentiment. A recommendation is determined for delivery of the content in a second geographical location of the at least one other geographical location.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and computer program product for synchronously starting programs on multiple devices connected to a server is provided. A synchronous point of a program to be synchronously started for each of the multiple devices is identified. A wait function is dynamically injected into the synchronous point for each of the multiple devices. A start time from the server is received in response to the multiple devices entering a waiting state. The programs are synchronously started in response to the start time arriving for each of the multiple devices.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method for building an object index used for retrieving an object matching a given query is disclosed. In the method, the computer system initializes a set of clusters, each of which represents at least one base object of a collection. The computer system also enumerates one or more additional clusters by combining multiple clusters from among the set. Each additional cluster represents at least one combinatorial object that has two or more base objects of the collection. The computer system further selects a new set of new clusters by clustering the set of the clusters and the one or more additional clusters, in which each new cluster represents at least one base or combinatorial object. Then, the computer system builds an object index based on the centers of the new clusters such that the object index covers the combinatorial object as a target of retrieval.

Abstract: A baseline virtual machine (VM) instance is created within a protected secure environment from a production VM image. The baseline VM instance is a protected clone of a production VM instance created within a deployed environment from the production VM image. VM instance information of the baseline VM instance is collected during a startup process of the baseline VM instance within the protected secure environment. First baseline validity code is generated from the collected VM instance information of the baseline VM instance. VM instance information of the production VM instance is collected during a startup process of the production VM instance within the deployed environment. First production validity code is generated from the collected VM information of the production VM instance. A determination is made as to whether there is an error in the production VM instance by comparing the first baseline validity code and the first production validity code.

Abstract: A method for forming an embedded mirror structure is disclosed. The method includes preparing a structure that has a substrate and a waveguide layer on the substrate. The waveguide layer includes a core. Also, the waveguide has a top surface and a cavity side surface that defines a cavity opened at the top surface and aligned to the core. The method further includes coating metal particles on the cavity side surface inside the cavity of the waveguide layer to form a metal particle film on the cavity side surface.

Abstract: Cognitively detecting cloud services and their associated status of a Virtual Machine and/or Container in a cloud platform to predict availability of cloud services preferably including the status of the services, a service object health map, and a service health status. The outputs are preferably sent to a user for feedback, which is sent back to the cognitive service.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include a semiconductor structure comprising a gate layer with an associated gate dielectric thereon, and a region comprising at least one fin structure in contact with the gate layer, wherein the fin structure includes at least two distinct materials, and wherein one of the two distinct materials is a Zn based material.

Abstract: A method and system for improving location detection and presentation is provided. The method includes receiving a request for access to a secure Website and retrieving an automated challenge response test for determining that a user is a living being. A location of the user is detected and analyzed with respect to images of the automated challenge response test. Local entities associated with the images are determined and correct images and incorrect images are identified for executing the automated challenge response test. First actions for enabling the user to execute functions associated with the correct images with respect to the local entities are added to the correct images. Second actions for enabling the user to execute functions associated with the incorrect images with respect to the local entities are added to the correct images and a resulting modified automated challenge response test is presented to the user.

Abstract: Disclosed aspects relate to address space management with respect to a Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI) architecture. A shared CAPI component may be established to access a plurality of address spaces of a plurality of assets. The plurality of assets may include both a first asset which corresponds to a first address space of the plurality of address spaces and a second asset which corresponds to a second address space of the plurality of address spaces. A request may be detected to process a set of data and route a set of processed data from the first asset to the second asset. The set of data may be processed to form the set of processed data. The set of processed data may be routed from the first address space to the second address space to fulfill the request.

Abstract: A method for assembling a waveguide connector includes positioning a polymer waveguide in one or more insertion structures within an inner portion of a cap where the polymer waveguide has alignment features. The method also includes inserting a ferrule into the inner portion of the cap such that an inner wall of the cap seals around the assembled connector and heating the polymer waveguide and the ferrule to a first temperature with the ferrule comprising alignment features and having a different coefficient of thermal expansion from the polymer waveguide. The alignment features of the polymer waveguide align with the alignment features of the ferrule when the polymer waveguide and the ferrule are heated to the first temperature.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and computer program products are provided for eliminating run-time errors in a stream processing environment. Processing devices receive tuples in a distributed stream processing environment. Each respective processing device checks the received tuples to determine whether a pattern of the received tuples matches one or more pattern profiles that cause run-time errors. When the pattern of the received tuples matches the one or more pattern profiles that cause run-time errors, the respective processing device performs an action to adjust a processing order of the received tuple to reduce an impact of the run-time errors. When the pattern of the received tuples does not match the one or more pattern profiles that cause run-time errors, the respective processing device performs a function on the received tuples. The functions are performed by an operator residing in the respective processing device.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device includes forming a first silicon germanium layer on a semiconductor substrate, forming a silicon layer on the first silicon germanium layer, and a forming second silicon germanium layer on the silicon layer. The method further includes patterning the first and second silicon germanium layers and the silicon layer into at least one fin. In the method, a germanium oxide layer is formed on the substrate and the at least one fin, and annealing is performed to convert the germanium oxide layer formed on the first and second silicon germanium layers into silicon oxide. Remaining portions of the germanium oxide layer are removed, and a width of the silicon layer is reduced.

Abstract: A disaster-recovery system contains a networked array of synchronous-to-asynchronous converter (SATC) modules that connect source databases to target backup databases. During backup, the system replicates each source-database transaction through a chain of these SATCs to a corresponding target, storing a local copy of the transaction on each SATC along the way. Each transaction's path between its source-target pair is identified by a set of tracking entries, where each entry identifies one SATC in the path. Every backup transfer between two SATCs in a chain is performed synchronously, such that a successor SATC confirms a successful transfer to a predecessor SATC only after the successor can confirm a successful transfer to the next SATC in the chain. During a subsequent recovery operation, tracking entries are regenerated to locate locally stored transactions that had not time to be fully replicated before a catastrophic failure had occurred.

Abstract: An example system includes a processor that can generate a first lineage graph based on a first set of monitored assets and processes used to produce a data asset. The processor can detect a data quality issue at the data asset. The processor can also generate a second lineage graph including a second set of monitored assets and processes that produced the data asset with the data quality issue. The processor can further compare the second lineage graph with the first lineage graph to detect a potential root cause of the data quality issue. The processor can also further modify an asset or process corresponding to the potential root cause of the data quality issue.

Abstract: A system and method for providing quality of service during live migration includes determining one or more quality of service (QoS) specifications for one or more virtual machines (VMs) to be live migrated. Based on the one or more QoS specifications, a QoS is applied to a live migration of the one or more VMs by controlling; resources including at least one of live migration network characteristics and VM execution parameters.

Abstract: Modifying image templates based on recognition of fields (zones). A template is created based on a first form and, upon application of the template to a second form, fields of the template are modified to align with fields of the second form.

Abstract: An apparatus for bypassing an invalidate search of a lookaside buffer includes a filter circuit that directs an invalidate command to a LPID/PID filter of an MMU of a processor and searches for an identifier targeted by the invalidate command. The MMU is external to cores of the processor. The apparatus includes an LPID/PID miss circuit that bypasses searching the lookaside buffer for addresses targeted by the invalidate command and returns a notification that the invalidate command did not identify the identifier targeted by the invalidate command in response to the filter circuit determining that the identifier targeted by the invalidate command is not stored in the LPID/PID filter.

Abstract: A method for managing user information streams associated with recommendation systems based on cognitively counter-matched mined content is provided. The method may include determining and extracting first concepts from mined content. The method may further include determining second concepts associated with the determined and extracted, wherein the second concepts comprise one or more different interpretations of the first concepts. The method may further include determining relationships between the second concepts by analyzing the second concepts using data mining analysis techniques. The method may further include, based on the determined one or more relationships between the sub-concepts, counter-matching the plurality of mined content associated with each second concept. The method may also include providing alternative content to the information streams based on the counter-matched plurality of mined content.

Abstract: A virtual reality (VR) system for VR desk application that allows a user to move in a VR environment while sitting in front of a working desk is provided. The VR system receives sensor data from a mobile device. The VR system generates a set of sitting motion data by interpreting the received sensor data as a motion of a limb of a person in a sitting posture. The VR system maps the set of sitting motion data into a set of movements in the VR environment. The VR system renders the VR environment and presents the rendered VR environment.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus includes a chamber and a pressure-relief element. The chamber includes a coolant in a liquid phase disposed near a heat-generation object. The coolant in the liquid phase dissipates heat from the heat-generation object and is converted from the liquid phase to a vapor phase upon the coolant in the liquid phase reaching a boiling temperature. The pressure-relief element has a conduit. A first end of the conduit is submerged in the coolant in the liquid phase internal to the chamber and a second end of the conduit is connected to atmosphere external to the chamber.

Abstract: In an approach to identifying users by real time contextual data, one or more processors may receive a registration information for a first user and a first biometric data for the first user. One or more processors may determine a first user behavior based on the first biometric data and the registration information for the first user. Additionally, one or more processors may store the registration information, the first biometric data, and the first user behavior in a first user profile for identification of the first user.

Abstract: Unstructured message escalation may include, responsive to detecting an unanswered message from a sending mobile device of a sender to a receiving mobile device of a recipient, determining a sender-recipient relationship and a last known location of the receiving mobile device, determining a first contact of the recipient from a contact data storage device according to the sender-recipient relationship, a relationship between the recipient and the first contact, proximity, and an escalation plan for the recipient, and sending a first escalation message to the first contact. Responsive to determining that the message is unanswered subsequent to sending the first escalation message, selecting a second contact of the recipient according to the sender-recipient relationship, a relationship between the second contact and the recipient, proximity, and the escalation plan and sending a second escalation message to the second contact.

Abstract: An integrated circuit includes transistor devices, each having a back gate. A controller is connected to the back gate to apply voltages to the back gate, wherein a first mode includes a first voltage for operational threshold voltages for the transistor devices, and a second mode includes a second voltage that enhances threshold voltage variability of the plurality of transistor devices to provide a physically unclonable function (PUF) for chip identification.

Abstract: A method includes grouping nodes into a first level clusters. For each first level cluster, a leader node is promoted. For each first level cluster that has a size exceeding a predetermined threshold, nodes of the cluster are grouped into second level clusters. For each second level cluster, a leader node is promoted. If no single node is trusted to patch its cluster, a fragmentation scheme is applied to enable nodes to check validity of the receiving patch. This grouping scheme is applied in a hierarchical manner until the size of all clusters are found to be under the predetermined threshold. A software patch is transmitted to the leader nodes of the first level clusters, which then transmit the software patch to next level leaders (if any) or to all other nodes within the same cluster. The patch transmission is done in a hierarchical manner for subsequent levels.

Abstract: One embodiment provides for a method that includes performing, by a processor, active learning of large scale entity resolution using a distributed compute memoing cache to eliminate redundant computation. Link feature vector tables are determined for intermediate results of the active learning of large scale entity resolution. The link feature vector tables are managed by a two-level cache hierarchy.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for recommending responses to emergent conditions is provided. The present invention may include receiving a query from a user. The present invention may also include retrieving a plurality of recommended responses for the received query from a plurality of entities and a plurality of relations stored in a graph-based knowledge resource. The present invention may further include presenting the retrieved plurality of recommended responses to the user.

Abstract: Operating a message queue cluster having multiple nodes. A messaging request from a client is obtained by one or more processors, the messaging request to be routed to one of multiple nodes in a cluster. The one or more processors parse the messaging request to determine whether the messaging request should be routed to an other node. A messaging request is obtained from a client by one or more processors, the messaging request to be routed to one of multiple nodes in a cluster. The messaging request is parsed by one or more processors to determine whether the messaging request should be routed to an other of the multiple nodes in the cluster. The messaging request is routed by one or more processors in response to a determination that the messaging request should be routed to the other one of the multiple nodes in the cluster.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, computer program product, and system are provided. The method includes generating, by a password management system using a set of Hardware Random Number Generators (HRNGs), at least one salt based on statistics of a set of random numbers with given distributions generated by the set of HRNGs. The method further includes forming, by a processor, a hashed password based on the at least one salt.

Abstract: A method and associated system. Before allowing a user to use a secured resource, a first security check may be performed with respect to the user and/or the secured resource to determine whether a first security condition is satisfied. In response to a first security condition being satisfied, allowing the user to use the secured resource. In response to failing to satisfy the at least one first security condition, performing a second security check on the user with a second security condition. In response to passing a second security condition, allowing the user to use the secured resource. The first security condition may include a dynamic evaluation of at least one available data point to calculate a projected security risk of the user using the secured resource and the level of complexity of the second security condition may be set based on the calculated projected security risk.

Abstract: A method for an enhanced vehicle monitoring system that utilizes cameras and other sensors to determine the state of the interior and/or exterior of a vehicle is provided. The method comprises detecting that a driver has exited a vehicle. The method further comprises monitoring a state of the vehicle. The method further comprises determining based, at least in part, on the monitoring, if an object has been left in the vehicle unintentionally or if the vehicle has been left running unattended. The method further comprises, upon determining that the object has been left in the vehicle or the vehicle has been left running unattended, sending a notification to the driver.

Abstract: Technical solutions are described herein for fabrication of a chip with optimized chip design during the logical synthesis phase of the fabrication. An example method includes optimizing, by a physical synthesis system, a chip design for a chip to be fabricated, the optimization performed according to a first performance metric for the entire chip. The method further includes receiving, by the physical synthesis system, a feedback input comprising a region of the chip and a second performance metric associated with the region. The method further includes modifying, by the physical synthesis system, the chip design by optimizing the region of the chip according to the second performance metric. The method further includes sending, by the physical synthesis system, the modified chip design for fabrication of the chip.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for avoiding out-of-space conditions in an asynchronous data replication environment. In one embodiment, such a method creates a consistency group on a primary storage system of an asynchronous data replication environment. The method determines a number of additional extents that will be needed on a secondary storage system to accommodate the consistency group. The number of additional extents is compared to a number of free extents on the secondary storage system. In the event the number of additional extents does not exceed the number of free extents, the method transfers the data from the primary storage system to the secondary storage system. In the event the number of additional extents exceeds the number of free extents, the method automatically takes actions on the secondary storage system to provide the number of additional extents. A corresponding system and computer program product are also disclosed.

Abstract: Detecting data anomalies by receiving a first data set related to a first variable metric, determining data anomaly detection scores for data points of the first data set according to a plurality of data anomaly detection techniques, generating an adaptive ground-truth window according to the data anomaly detection scores, assigning a weighting value to each data point within the adaptive ground-truth window, training a machine learning system using the set of data anomaly detection scores and weighting values, and providing a trained machine learning system for evaluating a second data set.

Abstract: A method and system for improving an automated mobile device detection system is provided. The method includes automatically detecting Web pages being accessed by a user via a mobile hardware device. Movement based attributes, biological parameters, and a geographical location of the user are detected via hardware sensors of the mobile device. The Webpages are modified such that a modified plurality of Webpages is generated based on the analysis. The modified plurality of Webpages is presented to the user.

Abstract: A data portion of a data set utilized in a computerized visualization is analyzed to identify one or more areas of interest each including data values representing distinguishable features relative to the data set. An explanation for the data values of each of the one or more areas of interest is determined. Each explanation is based on other data portions of the data set contributing to the distinguishable features. At least one display layer including labels describing the one or more areas of interest is generated. The labels include the explanation for each of the one or more areas of interest. The at least one display layer is disposed over the computerized visualization to produce an annotated visualization with the labels positioned proximate the one or more areas of interest.

Abstract: A method includes configuring worker services to operate in a stateless manner and providing support services that enable the worker services to operate in the stateless manner. The support services include (i) a management service for providing notifications of server removal and addition, (ii) a state maintenance service for maintaining state information in a central location, and (iii) a load balancer service for distributing requests among worker services. The method includes altering a number of servers allocated to at least one worker service, responsive to a notification from the management service. A private protocol is used between the worker services and load balancer service (a) to send, from the worker services to the load balancer service, a respective pointer to the state information associated with the requests, and (b) to include the respective pointer in the requests when any of the requests are forwarded to any worker service.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and a computer program product for integrated failure indication is provided. The present invention may include receiving a plurality of sensor data from a plurality of sensors mounted within the tape system. The present invention may then include determining that the received plurality of sensor data is abnormal. The present invention may then include generating an alert based on determining that the received plurality of sensor data is abnormal. The present invention may lastly include sending the generated alert to a program manager.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method, a computer program product, and a computer system for journaling on an appendable non-volatile memory module. A kernel receives a request for a write operation of a file on a disk. The kernel instructs a memory management unit to perform an access control list verification. The memory management unit determines whether a user associated with the write operation is permitted to write a filesystem journal onto a non-volatile dual in-line memory module, by performing the access control list verification. The memory management unit writes the filesystem journal onto the non-volatile dual in-line memory module, in response to that the user associated with the write operation is permitted to write the filesystem journal. The kernel writes the file onto the disk.

Abstract: A method, computer system, and computer program product. Input element layout data based on a layout of input elements of an input device is retrieved in response to a received password input request. A positioning marker and a visualized overlay input device including an altered layout of input elements is generated based on the retrieved input element layout data. The visualized overlay input device and the positioning marker are rendered for display by a see-through display device for viewing of the visualized overlay input device in superposition with respect to the input device. An effective input configuration of the layout of input elements of the input device is generated to correspond to the altered layout of input elements for entry of the password input.

Abstract: A validation and testing method is provided. The validation and testing method is executable by a processor coupled to a memory. The validation and testing method includes inserting intermediary save points within an instruction stream. The method includes executing the instruction stream including the intermediary save points. The method includes executing a save operation for data in one or more registers at each of the one or more intermediary save points.

Abstract: For each intent associated with a feature in a discordant conversation, one or more preceding discordant user utterances and one or more following discordant user utterances are collected. A discordant distribution over terms of the one or more preceding discordant user utterances and the one or more following discordant user utterances is created. For each intent associated with a feature in a non-discordant conversation, one or more preceding non-discordant user utterances and one or more following non-discordant user utterances are collected. A non-discordant distribution over terms of the one or more preceding non-discordant user utterances and the one or more following non-discordant user utterances is created. The discordant and non-discordant distributions are compared and the top-k terms that are most specific to user utterances associated with the corresponding discordance feature using Kullback-Leibler divergence are determined.