Abstract: An encoder includes circuitry and memory coupled to the circuitry. In operation, the circuitry determines one or more tiles included in a picture and one or more subpictures included in the picture, according to a constraint condition that each tile of the one or more tiles includes at least one subpicture of the one or more subpictures entirely and the each tile does not include another subpicture of the one or more subpictures partially.

Abstract: A work system includes a mounting system which mounts a component on a board and an unmanned conveyance system having an unmanned conveyance vehicle. The unmanned conveyance system includes a first notifier which notifies the mounting system of an arrival notification indicating that the unmanned conveyance vehicle transfers the feeder carriage to a position where an operation of connecting the feeder carriage to the base starts, and a first processor which causes the unmanned conveyance vehicle to travel in a direction away from the base upon receiving, from the mounting system, a connection completion indicating that a connection of the feeder carriage is completed. The mounting system includes a second processor which causes the connection mechanism to connect the feeder carriage upon receiving the arrival notification, and a second notifier which notifies the unmanned conveyance system of the connection completion upon being informed of completion of the connection.

Abstract: A loudspeaker arrangement for a seat within a motor vehicle utilizes one or more localized sound output ports for low frequency sound reproduction. A housing, such as an enclosure, substantially surrounds a loudspeaker. One or more audio transmission line channels acoustically interconnect the interior of the enclosure to one or more sound output ports. The enclosure is situated below, behind, or in some fixed location around or within a vehicle seat. The sound outputs ports are situated at or near a headrest such that the output ports are located substantially less than a wavelength of sound at the highest operating frequency from either ear of the seat's occupant. The acoustic response and resonances of a 1) rear enclosure, 2) a front vented enclosure, 3) a loudspeaker, and 4) an audio transmission path from the enclosure to one or more output ports are used to provide localized low frequency sound reproduction.

Abstract: A transmission method is performed by a transmitter including antenna elements.

Abstract: This base station is provided with: a control circuit that generates information relating to a terminal group among a plurality of terminals, said terminal group being a target of transmission by non-orthogonal multiple access; and a transmission circuit that transmits the information relating to the terminal group during a period in which control information addressed to the plurality of terminals is transmitted.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides communication apparatus and communication method for control signaling.

Abstract: A production data creation device includes an input unit and a setting unit. The input unit receives an input of one application from among a plurality of applications displayed on a screen. The setting unit sets one or more operation parameters used by a component mounter to mount a component on a board, on the basis of the input application.

Abstract: In a base station, a signal allocating unit allocates downlink control signals (DCI) to a control channel region (CORESET) constituted by a plurality of control channel elements (CCEs), and a transmitting unit transmits the downlink control signals. In this case, the number of resource element groups (REGs) that constitute the CCE is a power of 2, and a bundling size indicating the number of REGs included in the REGs that constitute the CCE and arranged in adjacent resource blocks is a power of 2.

Abstract: A decoder, encoder, and a recording medium causes a processor to generate a prediction image by an inter prediction process by i) obtaining first information from a bitstream associated with a variable number of feature points of a current block usable in performing an affine prediction, ii) obtaining a flag from the bitstream indicating a first or second value, iii) obtaining second information from the bitstream specifying first points in response to the flag indicating the first value, iv) determining third information provided the first points based on the second information and indicating a difference between coordinate values of a first point and a corresponding second point included in a reference picture, v) generating a prediction image of the current block according to the determined third information, and vi) refraining from obtaining the second information from the bitstream, in response to the flag indicating the second value.

Abstract: A cylindrical secondary battery comprises an outer package can with a cylindrical cylinder part and an electrode body arranged within the cylinder part. A ratio of the minimum value of the outer diameters in the cylinder central part of the outer package can, the cylinder central part being positioned in the center in the axial direction, to the average value of the outer diameters in the cylinder bottom end part is 99.89% or more; and the ratio of the maximum value of the outer diameters in the cylinder central part to the average value of the outer diameters in the cylinder bottom end part is 100.80% or less. The outer diameters in the cylinder central part periodically change with respect to the angle of circumference; and the period in which the outer diameters in the cylinder central part change with respect to the angle of circumference is 0.4? to 1.0?.

Abstract: In a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that is one example of an embodiment of the present invention, a positive electrode has a positive electrode core material and a positive electrode mixture layer that is formed on a surface of the positive electrode core material. As a positive electrode active material, the positive electrode mixture layer contains: first lithium metal composite oxide particles that are non-agglomerated particles having a volume-based median diameter of 2 to 10 ?m; and second lithium metal composite oxide particles that are secondary particles which result from agglomeration of primary particles having an average particle diameter of 50 nm to 2 ?m, and which have a volume-based median diameter of 10 to 30 ?m. The first lithium metal composite oxide particles are included more in a first region than in a second region. A non-aqueous electrolyte contains a silane compound having a carbon-carbon unsaturated bond.

Abstract: An inductor includes a magnetic core obtained by pressure-molding a mixture of a magnetic material powder and a binding agent, and coil elements buried in the magnetic core. The coil elements include two tabular coils that are a first coil element and a second coil element provided overlappingly in stated order from a first side face side to a second side face side. End portions of the coil elements protrude from the bottom face and are bent along the bottom face to configure external electrodes. One of first external electrodes extends toward a first end face and an other one of the first external electrodes extends toward the second end face, and second external electrodes extend toward a second side face.

Abstract: A character recognition device includes a recognizer that recognizes at least one character string from a plurality of character strings in an image including a trailer captured by an imaging device, and a selector. The selectors selects one of the at least one character string as the trailer ID/container ID based on the at least one character string having a similarity to a master data of a previously held trailer ID/container ID equal to or larger than a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: An electrode (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a core member (11) and a mixture sheet (12) joined to the surface of the core member (11). The mixture sheet (12) includes an active material (21) and a fibrous binder (22) having been fibrillated. The crystalline size of the binder (22), which is obtained by X-ray diffraction measurement, is 20-32 nm.

Abstract: An electrochemical device includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator and a lithium ion-conductive electrolyte. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode active material into which anions are reversibly doped. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode current collector, and a negative electrode mixture layer supported on the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode mixture layer includes a negative electrode active material into which lithium ions are reversibly doped, and the negative electrode active material includes hardly graphitized carbon. The negative electrode mixture layer has a specific surface area of 10 m2/g or more, and 70 m2/g or less. The separator includes an olefin-based resin.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus comprising: a body to and from which an optical system is configured to be attachable and detachable; an imaging sensor configured to capture a subject image via the optical system to generate image data; an input interface configured to acquire a zoom amount indicating a degree of a zoom operation by a user for the optical system; and a controller configured to scale a cropped image from the image data so as to implement a hybrid zoom operation which changes, from a first focal length, a second focal length, according to the zoom amount acquired by the input interface, the first focal length being formed by the optical system and the second focal length corresponding to an angle of view of the subject image in the image data. The controller is configured to maintain a characteristic of the second focal length with respect to the zoom amount before and after the optical system is changed.

Abstract: A cosmetic material ink that is a blue cosmetic material ink containing a blue pigment (A1), acrylic particles (B), an alcohol-based solvent (C), and water (D), in which a content of the blue pigment (A1) is 0.5% by mass or more and 4.5% by mass or less with respect to a total amount of the blue pigment (A1), acrylic particles (B), alcohol-based solvent (C), and water (D), the alcohol-based solvent (C) includes a dihydric alcohol-based solvent (C1) and a trihydric alcohol-based solvent (C2), and a total content of the dihydric alcohol-based solvent (C1) and trihydric alcohol-based solvent (C2) is 30% by mass or more and 85% by mass or less with respect to the total amount of the blue pigment (A1), acrylic particles (B), alcohol-based solvent (C), and water (D).

Abstract: A parking assistance method according to the present disclosure is a method of performing autonomous travel of a vehicle based on a travel route generated using teaching travel by a driver. The parking assistance method includes: acquiring a position of the vehicle and an azimuth in a travel direction of the vehicle; outputting, based on the position and the azimuth in the travel direction, when the vehicle is located and oriented with a prescribed azimuth in a prescribed position, a notification to a user to prompt an operation to start parking assistance; and receiving the operation by the user to start the parking assistance. The prescribed position is located within a range of a prescribed distance from a start position of the travel route.

Abstract: A charging system supplies a charge current from a power supply to a power storing apparatus. A shunt resistor is connected to a charging path through which the charge current flows. An amplifier is configured to amplify a voltage across the shunt resistor. A controller is configured to control the charging circuit on a basis of an output from the amplifier. A power supplying circuit is configured to supply a drive voltage to the amplifier. The power supplying circuit includes a first feed path including a diode connected between an input terminal and a power supply terminal of the amplifier and a second feed path including a switch connected between the power storing apparatus and the power supply terminal of the amplifier. The switch is configured to be turned on when a charge voltage of the power storing apparatus exceeds a threshold voltage.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transmission device, a reception device, a transmission method, and a reception method that implement an appropriate random access procedure in accordance with a propagation delay between a terminal and a base station. A terminal (100) is provided with a wireless transmission unit (103) which transmits a random access channel signal, and a control unit (107) which sets, from among a plurality of preamble sequence candidates, a preamble sequence for use in the random access channel signal. At least one of the plurality of preamble sequence candidates is composed of two or more mutually different code sequences.

Abstract: This electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has a band-like core and a first active substance layer formed on at least a first surface of the core. A current-collecting lead is connected to an exposed section at which a portion of the first surface of the core is exposed in the longitudinal direction. The electrode plate for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has a second active substance layer which is more electroconductive than the first active substance layer and which is disposed on a portion of the first surface such that it adjoins with the exposed section.

Abstract: An encoder that encodes a video includes circuitry and memory connected to the circuitry. In operation, the circuitry: generates a prediction image on a per sub-block basis; and when a sub-block size is 4×4, applies a boundary smoothing process only to sub-block boundaries having boundary positions that are integer multiples of 8.

Abstract: A battery module includes: a plurality of batteries stacked together; and a busbar that electrically connects the plurality of batteries with each other. The busbar has: a main body that extends along axis X along which the batteries are stacked together; and a plurality of connectors that protrude from the main body along an axis that intersects with the axis along which the batteries are stacked together, and are electrically connected with terminals of the batteries, respectively. The plurality of batteries are divided into a plurality of battery units. Each of the plurality of battery units includes at least two of the plurality of batteries. The busbar connects the at least two of the plurality of batteries of each of the battery units with each other in parallel. The busbar connects the battery units with each other in series.

Abstract: A lens barrel 10 comprises a substantially cylindrical first lens group unit 11 that holds a lens L1, and a substantially cylindrical front frame unit 12 that is disposed in a state of being close to the outer peripheral surface side of the substantially cylindrical first lens group unit 11. The first lens group unit 11 has a rectilinear key 11c that protrudes outward in the radial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the lens L1 on the image plane side in the optical axis direction. The front frame unit 12 has an inside diameter that is smaller than the outside diameter of the first lens group unit 11 in the portion where the rectilinear key 11c is provided. The first lens group unit 11 and the front frame unit 12 are formed so that a gap is formed between the outside diameter of the first lens group unit 11 and the inside diameter of the front frame unit 12 at a position opposite the rectilinear key 11c in the radial direction.

Abstract: A recording system for a motor vehicle includes a communication interface receiving an audio feed from a telephone. A voice recognition module is communicatively coupled to the communication interface and responds to a command from a human user by converting at least a portion of the audio feed from the telephone into text data, and storing the text data in a memory device.

Abstract: A method for processing image data according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes obtaining first image data indicating a hyperspectral image of a target captured in first background light, generating, on a basis of the first image data, first spectral data indicating an estimated spectrum of the first background light, and generating, from the first image data, at least one piece of second image data indicating at least one image of the target in at least one type of second background light, which is different from the first background light, using at least one piece of second spectral data indicating at least one spectrum of the at least one type of second background light and the first spectral data.

Abstract: A fiber assembly includes a support sheet, a warp yarn group in which warp yarns including a polymer material are arranged, and a weft yarn group in which weft yarns including a polymer material are arranged. A surface of the support sheet has been subjected to a release treatment. The warp yarn group and the weft yarn group are on the surface of the support sheet. The warp yarn group and the weft yarn group define contact portion regions and non-contact portion regions. In each of the contact portion regions, one of the warp yarns is integrated with one of the weft yarns. Each of the warp yarns and the weft yarns has a line width of 1 ?m to 10 ?m, inclusive. One of the contact portion regions has a fiber density which is higher than a fiber density of one of the non-contact portion regions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transmitter which can suitably perform a transmission power control in a PT-RS port. In this transmitter (100), a control unit (101) determines a transmission power for transmitting a reference signal (PT-RS) for phase tracking and a data signal within a range in which the maximum transmission power for each antenna port is not exceeded. In addition, a transmission unit (105) transmits the reference signal for phase tracking and the data signal at the transmission power determined by the control unit (101).

Abstract: An encoder encodes a video, and includes: circuitry; and memory coupled to the circuitry. Using the memory, the circuitry: obtains at least two items of prediction information for a first partition included in the video; derives at least one template from neighboring samples which neighbor the first partition; calculates at least two costs, using the at least one template and the at least two items of prediction information; using the at least two costs, (i) determines at least one splitting direction for the first partition or (ii) assigns one of the at least two items of prediction information to a second partition split from the first partition according to the splitting direction, and another thereof to a third partition split from the first partition according to the splitting direction; and encodes the first partition according to the splitting direction and the at least two items of prediction information.

Abstract: The present invention provides a highly reliable and safe heating device that can uniformly heat an object to be heated and provides a refrigerator having a storage space in which frozen products as storage products can be easily thawed to a high-quality state. A heating device of the present invention includes an oscillation electrode disposed on one hand of the heating space and having an electrode surface on which an electric field concentration region is formed, a counter electrode disposed on the other hand of the heating space and having an electrode surface that faces the electrode surface of the oscillation electrode, and a high-frequency electric field forming unit for forming a high-frequency electric field applied to between the oscillation electrode and the counter electrode.

Abstract: An encoder that encodes a video includes a processor and memory. Using the memory, the processor: derives a prediction error of an image included in the video, by subtracting a prediction image of the image from the image; determines a secondary transform basis based on a primary transform basis, the primary transform basis being a transform basis for a primary transform to be performed on the prediction error, the secondary transform basis being a transform basis for a secondary transform to be performed on a result of the primary transform; performs the primary transform on the prediction error using the primary transform basis; performs the secondary transform on a result of the primary transform using the secondary transform basis; performs quantization on a result of the secondary transform; and encodes a result of the quantization as data of the image.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a control device for a secondary battery, and the control device includes a controller configured to correct battery characteristics on an open circuit voltage to a remaining capacity of the secondary battery. In the control device for the secondary battery, the controller acquires data of a plurality of open circuit voltages in the battery characteristics during charging the secondary battery. When the secondary battery is fully charged, the controller corrects the open circuit voltages between respective pairs selected and combined from at least one part of the data of the plurality of open circuit voltages. The controller weighted-averages and corrects full charge capacities, which are calculated by the correction of the open circuit voltages between the respective data pairs, with differences each between respective remaining capacities each corresponding between the respective data pairs.

Abstract: In various embodiments, alignment systems for laser resonators generate near-field and/or far-field images of input beams produced by the laser resonators to enable the alignment of the input beams.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a transportation vehicle. One method includes determining ambient light baseline for the flight by measuring a first light intensity by a plurality of light sensors located within a plurality of physical zones of an aircraft cabin, before a flight and transforming the measured first light intensity based on sensor locations within each physical zone of the aircraft cabin; adjusting brightness level of seat display device at passenger seats located in the aircraft cabin based on the ambient light baseline; continuing to measure in-flight light intensity by the plurality of sensors; and automatically adjusting the brightness level of one or more seat display devices in response to the in-flight light intensity varying from the ambient light baseline by a first threshold value.

Abstract: A biometric information acquisition device includes a camera configured to capture an image of a hand of a user inserted into an imaging space, an illumination configured to illuminate inside of the imaging space from above, a housing configured to accommodate the camera and the illumination, and a first opening formed by cutting out a part of the housing and provided in a rectangular shape in a front view to form the imaging space.

Abstract: A position analysis device includes: an input interface that acquires the captured image obtained by the camera; a processor that calculates coordinate transformation from a first coordinate system to a second coordinate system with respect to the target position in the acquired captured image; and a memory that stores a correction model to generate a correction amount of a position in the second coordinate system, wherein the processor corrects a transformed position from the target position, based on the correction model including weight functions corresponding to reference positions, the transformed position being a position obtained by the coordinate transformation on the target position in the first coordinate system to the second coordinate system, the weight functions each producing a larger weighting in the correction amount as the transformed position is closer to a corresponding reference position, the reference positions being different from each other in the second coordinate system.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein relate to providing path information of a vehicle to vehicle passengers, and the provided path information may be configured according to passenger-related constraints. In one embodiment, a method for providing passenger-oriented path information via an in-flight entertainment system is described. The method includes making a determination that a graphical display of an estimated first path of the commercial passenger vehicle traveling via a route between an origin and a destination intersects a constrained area. The estimated first path is estimated as a straight-line path between consecutive waypoints along the route. The method further includes, based on the determination that the estimated first path intersects the constrained area, determining a second path for display that does not intersect the constrained area. The method further includes causing a display of the second path on an IFE display associated with a passenger.

Abstract: Provided is a composite member, including: an inorganic layer that contains an inorganic substance containing at least one of a metal oxide or a metal oxide hydroxide. The composite member includes a resin layer that is provided on a surface of the inorganic layer and contains a resin and inorganic particles that are dispersed in the resin and some of which adhere directly to the inorganic substance of the inorganic layer. A porosity in a cross section of the inorganic layer is 20% or less, and a peak derived from a hydroxyl group is detected for the inorganic layer when measurement is performed using infrared spectroscopy or X-ray diffraction.

Abstract: A driving assistance apparatus is provided in which the detection range of a left-front-corner sonar (12a) located at the vehicle's left front corner is included in the field of view of a second imaging means (14) located at the vehicle's left front corner. When the left-front-corner sonar (12a) detects a three-dimensional object at the vehicle's left front corner, an image processing means (3) synthesizes an image of the image created using a second imaging means (14) and the images created with four cameras (7a-7d) for imaging the complete periphery of the vehicle, and creates a bird's-eye-view image (40b). The detection range of the left-front-corner sonar (12a) is included within a region of the bird's-eye image (40b) on the basis of the image created with the second imaging means (14).

Abstract: A positive electrode for a secondary battery including a positive electrode current collector, and a positive electrode active material layer supported on the positive electrode current collector. The positive electrode active material layer contains active material particles, a binder, and a thermal decomposable additive. The thermal decomposable additive includes a sulfamic acid. The binder includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a fluorocarbon resin and a hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber.

Abstract: A control method used in a shipping system including a display device includes: obtaining a first product ID identifying a first product, based on sensing data obtained from a sensor; obtaining a first bottom image showing a shape of a bottom of the first product, based on (i) a first database that associates and manages product IDs and images each of which shows a shape of a bottom surface of the product corresponding to the product ID, and (ii) the obtained first product ID; and controlling the display device to display the first bottom image in a placement area for placing the first product.

Abstract: A cylindrical secondary battery comprises an external can that has a cylindrical tube part and an electrode body that is provided inside the tube part. The electrode body is obtained by winding a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate with a separator therebetween. In the external can, the ratio of the average value of the outer diameter of the middle of the tube part in the axial direction of the external can to the average value of the outer diameter of the bottom-side end of the tube part is 100.10-100.50%, and the standard deviation of the outer diameter of the middle of the tube part is 0.020-0.050 mm.

Abstract: A cylindrical lithium secondary battery including a battery case of a bottomed cylindrical shape having an opening, a wound electrode group and a nonaqueous electrolyte which are housed in the battery case, and a sealing member sealing the opening. The wound electrode group includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. At the negative electrode, lithium metal deposits during charging and dissolves in the nonaqueous electrolyte during discharging. The nonaqueous electrolyte contains an electrolyte salt, and a solvent. The solvent contains an ether compound as a major component. The amount of the nonaqueous electrolyte per 1 mAh of discharge capacity of the lithium secondary battery is 2.5 ?L or more and 6.5 ?L or less.

Abstract: The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide a slurry for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell capable of obtaining an electrode mixture layer showing excellent adhesion with a current collector. The slurry for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell, which is one mode of the present disclosure, contains: an electrode mixture containing an electrode active material, lithium carbonate, and carboxymethylcellulose or a salt thereof; and water. The lithium carbonate content is in the range of 33 to 300 ppm with respect to the total mass of the electrode mixture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a positive electrode active material which has high capacity and improved initial charge and discharge efficiency. This positive electrode active material, which is contained in nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries, contains a lithium-containing composite oxide that has a layered rock salt structure and a sulfonic acid compound that is present on the surface of the lithium-containing composite oxide; the lithium-containing composite oxide contains 50% by mole or more of Ni, 0% by mole to 15% by mole of Co and 0% by mole to 4% by mole of Al relative to the total number of moles of metal elements other than Li; and the sulfonic acid compound is represented by general formula I. (In the formula, A represents a group 1 element or a group 2 element; R represents a hydrocarbon group; and n represents 1 or 2.

Abstract: A composition according to the present disclosure includes a perovskite compound precursor, a first solvent, and a second solvent. The first solvent has a boiling point of 50° C. or more and a dipole moment of 3.0 D or less, and does not dissolve a perovskite compound formed from the perovskite compound precursor. The second solvent has a dipole moment of more than 3.0 D, and dissolves the perovskite compound.

Abstract: The positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary cell according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is characterized in having a Ni-containing lithium transition metal oxide having a layered structure; the proportion of Ni in the lithium transition metal oxide being 91 to 96 mol % relative to the total number of moles of metal elements excluding Li; a transition metal being present in the Li layer of the layered structure at an amount of 1 to 2.5 mol % relative to the total number of moles of transition metals in the Ni-containing lithium transition metal oxide; and the Ni-containing lithium transition metal oxide being such that the half width n of the diffraction peak for the (208) plane in an X-ray diffraction pattern obtained by X-ray diffraction is 0.30°?n?0.50°.

Abstract: A negative electrode of this non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery has a negative electrode electric current collector, an inner winding side negative electrode mix layer, and an outer winding side negative electrode mix layer. The inner winding side negative electrode mix layer and the outer winding side negative electrode mix layer each has a first negative electrode mix layer facing the negative electrode electric current collector, and a second negative electrode mix layer facing the positive electrode. The first negative electrode mix layer includes graphite particles having an internal porosity of 6-20% and the second negative electrode mix layer includes graphite particles having an internal porosity of 5% or less. In the inner winding side negative electrode mix layer, the thickness t1 of the first negative electrode mix layer and the thickness t2 of the second negative electrode mix layer satisfy the relationship t1/t2<1.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an in-vehicle electronic device (in-vehicle device) includes a case, a plate-like heat sink (heat dissipation member) that abuts on a top surface of an SoC (electronic component) to dissipate heat generated by the SoC, a cooling fin that removably abuts on an area on a top side of the heat sink including at least an area on the top surface of the SoC to promote heat dissipation of the heat sink, and a centrifugal fan (cooling fan) configured to blow cooling air along the heat sink between a plurality of fins that make up the cooling fin. The heat sink, the cooling fin, and the centrifugal fan are included inside the case.

Abstract: Provided is a positive electrode active material having high capacity and reduced reaction resistance of a battery. This positive electrode active material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a lithium-containing composite oxide that has a layered rock salt structure and a sulfonic acid compound present on the surface of the lithium-containing composite oxide, wherein: the lithium-containing composite oxide contains at least 85 mol % of Ni, at least 4 mol % of Al, and 0-1.5 mol % of Co relative to the total mole number of metal elements excepting Li; and the sulfonic acid compound is represented by general formula I. (In the formula, A is a group 1 element or a group 2 element, R is a hydrocarbon group, and n is 1 or 2.