Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a display, a communication circuit, a memory, and a processor operatively connected to the display, the communication circuit, and the memory, wherein the processor is configured to detect a pen event for the display to obtain a frequency, to establish a communication connection with an electronic pen using the communication circuit to obtain switch information and a device identification (ID), to obtain an electronic pen connection record from the memory, to determine a type of the electronic pen based on the device ID, to determine an operation mode of the electronic pen based on the switch information when the switch information is obtained, and to perform a predetermined function based on at least one of the frequency, the electronic pen connection record, the type of the electronic pen, or the operation mode.

Abstract: An input sensing unit including a plurality of first electrodes, each of which including a plurality of first main patterns and a plurality of connection patterns disposed between the first main patterns to connect two first main patterns adjacent to each other, a plurality of second electrodes each of which including a plurality of second main patterns and a plurality of connection patterns disposed between the second main patterns to connect two second main patterns adjacent to each other, and a plurality of third electrodes receiving an electrical signal that is different from that received by the second electrode. Each of the third electrodes includes a plurality of third main patterns spaced apart from the second sensing patterns in a plan view and a plurality of third connection patterns disposed between the third main patterns to connect two third main patterns adjacent to each other and spaced apart from the first connection patterns in a plan view.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5G communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4G system with a technology for IoT. The disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. A method of operating a BS includes monitoring a channel for a plurality of subbands, based on a first contention window configured in each of the plurality of subbands; transmitting a downlink signal to a terminal, based on a result of the monitoring; obtaining, from the terminal, a transmission result of the downlink signal for a reference duration; and determining a second contention window for monitoring a next channel for the plurality of subbands, based on the obtained transmission result.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a communication method and system for converging a 5th-Generation (5G) communication system for supporting higher data rates beyond a 4th-Generation (4G) system with a technology for Internet of Things (IoT). The present disclosure may be applied to intelligent services based on the 5G communication technology and the IoT-related technology, such as smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car, connected car, health care, digital education, smart retail, security and safety services. The method includes identifying whether a medium access control (MAC) entity of the terminal is configured with a logical channel (LCH)-based prioritization, identifying whether a first uplink grant is associated with a random access, determining the first uplink grant to be a prioritized uplink grant, and transmitting an uplink signal based on the prioritized uplink grant.

Abstract: A method for 2-step RA (2-step random access) performed by a terminal (UE) is provided. The method comprises receiving, from a base station, first random access channel (RACH) configuration for 4-step RA (4-step random access), second RACH configuration for the 2-step RA, and physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) configuration, the first RACH configuration including information on RA occasions for the 4-step RA; in case that an index indicating a subset of the RA occasions is included in the second RACH configuration, identifying at least one RA occasion for the 2-step RA based on the subset; identifying at least one PUSCH resource based on the PUSCH configuration and the at least one RA occasion; and transmitting, to the base station, a random access preamble in the at least one RA occasion and a PUSCH in the at least one PUSCH resource.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for determining spatial settings during a random access procedure. A method for operating a user equipment includes determining a first physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble for transmission in a first PRACH occasion (RO) using a first spatial setting and determining a second PRACH preamble for transmission in a second RO using a second spatial setting. The method further includes transmitting the first PRACH preamble in the first RO using the first spatial setting and transmitting the second PRACH preamble in the second RO using the second spatial setting. The method further includes receiving a first physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) scheduling a reception of a first physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) using a third spatial setting associated with the first spatial setting, or a second PDCCH scheduling a reception of a second PDSCH using a fourth spatial setting associated with the second spatial setting.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices are provided. A semiconductor device includes a substrate and a stacked structure in which a plurality of insulating layers and a plurality of electrode layers are alternately stacked on the substrate. The semiconductor device includes a plurality of dummy channel structures that pass through the stacked structure. Moreover, the semiconductor device includes a contact structure in contact with at least one of the plurality of dummy channel structures adjacent thereto, and in contact with one of the plurality of electrode layers.

Abstract: An electronic apparatus includes a window, a display module that includes a module hole, an optical member disposed between the window and the display module and in which a first opening that overlaps the module hole is formed, and a cover pattern disposed on an inner surface of the first opening of the optical member.

Abstract: A display panel includes a substrate, two pixels arranged on the substrate and spaced from each other with a transmission area therebetween, and a blocking layer between the substrate and the two pixels, the blocking layer including an opening corresponding to the transmission area. An edge of the opening includes a plurality of convex portions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an air conditioner capable of guiding air in a desired direction with an adjusted speed without marring the appearance to solve the above-described problems. An air conditioner comprising a ceiling-embedded type indoor unit configured to discharge air into an indoor room through an air outlet simultaneously sucking indoor air through an air inlet, wherein a air conditioner comprises, a main flap configured to guide a direction of air discharged from a air outlet in a preset direction, and a sub-flap configured to guide the direction of air between the main flap and the sub-flap in the preset direction, wherein a length of a main flap in a direction where air flows is longer than that of the sub-flap in the direction where air flows.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes a source layer, a semiconductor layer including a semiconductor protrusion structure, and a drain layer arranged in a first horizontal direction on a substrate, a cell capacitor extending in the first horizontal direction on the substrate and including a lower electrode layer, a capacitor dielectric film, and an upper electrode layer connected to the drain layer, a bit line extending in a vertical direction on the substrate and connected to the source layer, and a gate structure covering the semiconductor protrusion structure and including a gate dielectric film on the semiconductor protrusion structure and a gate electrode film on the gate dielectric film. A value of a first thickness of an end portion of the semiconductor protrusion structure facing the drain layer is greater than a value of a second thickness of another end portion of the semiconductor protrusion structure facing the source layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a substrate, a pixel circuit layer disposed on the substrate and including at least one thin film transistor, and a pixel electrode disposed on the pixel circuit layer and electrically connected to the at least one thin film transistor, wherein the pixel electrode includes a lower layer including aluminum, an intermediate layer disposed on the lower layer and including a tungsten oxide, and an upper layer disposed on the intermediate layer and including a transparent conductive oxide.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a light emitting device that includes a first electrode, a second electrode facing the first electrode, and at least one functional layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the at least one functional layer includes a first compound represented by Formula 1, and at least one of a second compound represented by Formula HT or a third compound represented by Formula ET, thereby exhibiting low voltage, high efficiency, and long service life characteristics. Formulas 1, HT, and ET are each explained in the specification.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided for obtaining information for a plane on which light emitted from a projector is to be projected. The electronic device includes a processor, which identifies, from the plane based on the information, a first area having a first ratio, and a second area smaller than the first area. Moreover, the processor obtains, in a state that a media content displays in the first area identified by a communication circuitry, user interface (UI) associated with the media content. The processor controls the projector to display, in the second area, the UI having layout based on a width and a height of the second area. The electronic device may be provided in a metaverse or in a metaverse service for enhancing interconnectivity between real and virtual objects.

Abstract: An electronic device includes an injection mold including a mounting part and a wiring groove, a plated wiring plated on the wiring groove, and an electronic element mounted on the mounting part and electrically connected to the plated wiring, wherein the plated wiring is plated on an outer region of the injection mold, and the electronic element mounted on the injection mold dispensed on the plated wiring.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a light emitting element that includes a first electrode, a second electrode disposed on the first electrode, a light emitting layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and including a quantum dot, a hole transport region disposed between the first electrode and the light emitting layer, and an electron transport layer disposed between the light emitting layer and the second electrode, wherein the electron transport layer includes an electron transport material, and the electron transport material includes a metal oxide particle, and a bicarbonate coupled to a surface of the metal oxide particle.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a semiconductor layer disposed on a substrate and including a channel area, a source area and a drain area that are disposed at both sides of the channel area, and a first opening portion disposed adjacent to the source area or the drain area, and a first electrode overlapping and electrically connected to the source area or the drain area and including an edge adjacent to the first opening portion. The edge of the first electrode is concave in a direction from the first opening portion toward the source area or the drain area.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a substrate including a display area in which a plurality of pixels are arranged and a non-display area disposed adjacent to the display area, a pixel electrode disposed on the display area of the substrate, a metal bank layer disposed in the display area and the non-display area and defining a pixel opening exposing a portion of the pixel electrode and a hole spaced apart from the pixel opening and extending in a first direction, and a horizontal voltage line disposed in the display area inside the hole in a plan view.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus configured to estimate an antioxidant component, the apparatus including a storage configured to store first antioxidant concentrations estimated at a first body part and second antioxidant concentrations estimated at a second body part, and a processor configured to estimate the first antioxidant concentrations at the first body part, to extract, as training data, data pairs of the first antioxidant concentrations and the second antioxidant concentrations from the storage based on learning conditions, and generate a transformation model configured to transfer the second antioxidant concentrations into a reference index based on the training data.

Abstract: Provided is a learning data generation method including selecting first data and second data, each of the first data and the second data having a similarity to registered biometric data that is greater than or equal to a first threshold, determining a matching degree between the first data and the second data, and generating learning data based on matching the first data to the second data in response to a determination that the matching degree is greater than or equal to a second threshold.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) nanoprobe device includes a body portion including a plurality of body layers that are stacked, a plurality of nanoprobes respectively extending longitudinally from the body portion, with each of the plurality of nanoprobes comprising a plurality of extension layers that are stacked, and an electrode portion disposed on a portion of the body portion.

Abstract: A computing device is provided. The computing device includes an electrode layer comprising a plurality of microelectrode arrays (MEAs), each MEA being configured with electrodes for stimulation and sensing of biological cells; an interposer layer comprising an interposer for a wiring connection between the plurality of MEAs and a substrate of the computing device; a circuit layer comprising a plurality of circuit chips configured to stimulate the cells and store excitement of the cells in response to the stimulation by corresponding electrodes; and a controller configured to control whether or how to connect the plurality of circuit chips to the plurality of MEAs.

Abstract: A deposition mask for forming a pattern on a substrate to be deposited, includes a first portion having an upper surface, a second portion having an upper surface half-etched to a first depth from the upper surface of the first portion, and a third portion having an upper surface half-etched to a second depth from the upper surface of the second portion. The third portion defines an opening corresponding to the pattern, and an upper surface of the third portion includes a plane perpendicular to a thickness direction of the deposition mask.

Abstract: An imaging lens system is provided. The imaging lens system includes a lens group including a plurality of lenses; and an optical path conversion member disposed between the lens group and an imaging plane. The lens group may include a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, and a fourth lens sequentially disposed from an object side toward the imaging plane. The optical path conversion member may reflect light emitted from the lens group two or more times to increase a rear focal length of the lens group (or a distance from an image-side surface of a lens disposed on a rearmost side of the lens group to the imaging plane).

Abstract: An imaging lens system includes a lens group including a plurality of lenses, and an optical path folding member disposed on an image side of the lens group, wherein ?1.2<fR/PL<?0.40, where fR is a focal length of a rearmost lens disposed closest to an imaging plane in the lens group, and PL is a distance from an incident surface of the optical path folding member to an exit surface of the optical path folding member.

Abstract: A lens, wherein a first profile in a first direction intersecting an optical axis and a second profile in a second direction intersecting the optical axis are different from each other, and a length of the first profile in the first direction is different from a length of the second profile in the second direction.

Abstract: Provided is an infrared modulator including a silicon substrate, a multiple buffer layer on the silicon substrate, the multiple buffer layer including indium phosphide (InP), a first type semiconductor layer on the multiple buffer layer, the first type semiconductor layer including InP, a light absorption layer on the first type semiconductor layer, the light absorption layer including a quantum well structure including indium gallium arsenic phosphide (InGaAsP), and a second type semiconductor layer on the light absorption layer, the second type semiconductor layer including InP.

Abstract: An operating method of the display device includes detecting, through at least one sensor, at least one sensing value corresponding to the at least one sensor, identifying a touch area on the display device that is touched by a mobile device, based on the at least one sensing value, receiving status information about an operation that is being executed by the mobile device, from the mobile device, and performing a function corresponding to the identified touch area, based on the received status information.

Abstract: A storage device is provided. The storage device includes: a first memory configured to store a plurality of pieces of debug information; and a controller configured to: check an access level of target debug information among the plurality of pieces of debug information according to a debug information read command provided by a host device; and perform a security operation for the target debug information based on the access level of the target debug information.

Abstract: An electronic device may establish a first connection with a first wearable device which includes a first actuator and is worn by a first user of the electronic device, establish a second connection with an external electronic device connected with a second wearable device which includes a second actuator and is worn by a second user, while the first connection and the second connection are maintained, obtain first movement information of the electronic device and second movement information of the external electronic device, based on the first movement information and the second movement information, identify a first mode in which the first wearable device is configured to operate using the first actuator and a second mode in which the second wearable device is configured to operate using the second actuator, transmit, to the first wearable device through the first connection, a first request signal for operating the first mode, and transmit, to the external electronic device through the second connection, a

Abstract: A storage device includes one or more ports that form an electrical connection with an external device, one or more physical functions including physical resources, and exposed through the one or more ports to communicate with the external device, a storage controller that controls an operation of the storage device, and communicates with the external device through the one or more ports and the one or more physical functions, nonvolatile memories controlled by the storage controller, and a first buffer memory controlled by the storage controller. When the storage device is accessed by the external device, the first buffer memory is used by the one or more ports and the one or more physical functions to temporarily store data for the external device.

Abstract: A method of operating a storage device for programming data into a flash memory before a surface mount technology (SMT) process is provided. The method includes: comparing program states of first memory cells connected to a first word line with program states of second memory cells connected to a second word line; changing the program states of the second memory cells according to a result of the comparing; and multi-bit programming the data and changed state information into the second memory cells.

Abstract: Provided are a system for business process automation and a method thereof. The system according to some embodiments may include a connect manager configured to register and manage application programming interface (API) information for services, a process execution engine configured to execute a target business process comprising a particular service task, which is a task using a particular service provided by a service module, and a connect broker configured to acquire API information for the particular service, registered through the connect manager, during execution of the target business process in response to a request from the process execution engine, and process the particular service task by sending a request for the particular service to the service module using the acquired API information.

Abstract: In a method of operating a storage device, first information associated with operation of the storage device is received from a host device. Second information internally generated based on write requests, read requests, and operation of the storage device is received. Program commands and read commands are transmitted to nonvolatile memories. Suspension commands are transmitted to at least one of nonvolatile memories. The suspension commands are generated based on the first and second information and are used to temporarily stop program operations performed based on the program commands. The number and timing of transmitting the suspension commands are controlled based on the first and second information. In response to changing at least one of the write requests and the read requests, the number and timing of transmitting the suspension commands are adaptively changed.

Abstract: A multilayer ceramic capacitor includes a body including a capacitance region in which at least one first internal electrode and at least one second internal electrode are alternately stacked in a first direction with at least one dielectric layer interposed therebetween; and first and second external electrodes disposed on the body to be spaced apart from each other with the capacitance region interposed therebetween in a second direction, different from the first direction, and respectively connected to the at least one first internal electrode and the at least one second internal electrode, wherein the body further includes a plurality of margin regions disposed with the capacitance region interposed therebetween in a third direction, different from the first and second directions, wherein each of the plurality of margin regions includes a second margin region and a first margin region disposed between the second margin region and the capacitance region, and wherein a size of a crystal grain in the second

Abstract: A system for obtaining output images having a quality index selectable by a user includes an electronic device including at least one processor and a memory storing input images and a set of generative artificial neural networks (GANs), the at least one processor being configured to perform artificial neural network operations. Each GAN is selectable by the user from the set of GANs stored in the memory, for obtaining an image with predefined quality index, each GAN is pre-trained and includes a plurality of Earlier Exit branches each of which is connected after each calculating module, each Earlier Exit branch contains as many calculating modules as remain in the backbone from a connection point of that Earlier Exit branch to a backbone exit, and each calculating module of each Earlier Exit branch performs a same function as a corresponding remaining calculating module in the backbone.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a luminance calculator configured to convert input image data into luminance image data including luminance values of a plurality of pixels, a noise calculator configured to generate sum values obtained by adding noise values corresponding to neighboring pixels around a target pixel of the plurality of pixels, to the luminance values of the neighboring pixels, a tone mapper configured to generate first and second mapping data by applying a first tone curve and a second tone curve to a luminance value of the target pixel and the sum values of the neighboring pixels, a characteristic value calculator configured to calculate first and second weights for the first and second mapping data, a gain blender configured to adjust the first and second weights and generate output image data, and a display device configured to display the output image data.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a printed circuit board. The printed circuit board includes a plurality of insulating layers each having a plurality of concave portions; a plurality of conductor pattern layers disposed in a plurality of concave portions of each of the plurality of insulating layers; first and second via holes connected to one of the plurality of concave portions independently of each other and penetrating through at least two of the plurality of insulating layers independently of each other; and first and second via conductors disposed in the first and second via holes, respectively, and connecting two of the plurality of conductor pattern layers independently of each other. An average width of the first via conductor is greater than that of the second via conductor on a cross-section.

Abstract: A multilayer electronic component, in which the first external electrode may include the 1-1-th electrode layer disposed on the third surface, and the 1-2-th electrode layer disposed on the first and second surfaces, and the second external electrode may include the 2-1-th electrode layer disposed on the fourth surface and the 2-2-th electrode layer disposed on the first and second surfaces, wherein the 1-2-th electrode layer and the 2-2-th electrode layer include Cu and a first additive element having a content lower than a content of the Cu, the contents of the first additive element included in the 1-2-th electrode layer and the 2-2-th electrode layer are greater than the contents of the first additive element included in the 1-1-th electrode layer and the 2-1-th electrode layer, respectively, and the first additive element is at least one selected from Ag and Al, thereby preventing cracks and improving moisture resistance reliability.

Abstract: A multilayer electronic component, in which a first external electrode may include a 1-2-th electrode layer including glass, and a 1-3-th electrode layer disposed on the first and second surfaces and a second external electrode may include a 2-2-th electrode layer including glass, and a 2-3-th electrode layer disposed on the first and second surfaces. In cross sections of the first and second external electrodes in the first and second directions, when an area fraction occupied by glass in the 1-2-th electrode layer is S1-2, an area fraction occupied by glass in the 1-3-th electrode layer is S1-3, an area fraction occupied by glass in the 2-2-th electrode layer is S2-2, and an area fraction occupied by glass in the 2-3-th electrode layer is S2-3, S1-2?15%, S1-2?S1-3, S2-2?15%, S2-2>S2-3 are satisfied, thereby preventing cracks and improving moisture resistance reliability.

Abstract: A multilayer electronic component includes a body including a capacitance formation portion including dielectric layers and internal electrodes alternately disposed in a first direction, and a cover portion disposed on both end surfaces of the capacitance formation portion, facing each other in the first direction, and having a first surface and a second surface opposing each other in the first direction, a third surface and a fourth surface connected to the first and second surfaces and opposing each other in a second direction, and a fifth surface and a sixth surface connected to the first to fourth surfaces and opposing each other in a third direction, and external electrodes disposed on the third and fourth surfaces. The internal electrodes and the dielectric layers protrude more outwardly than the cover portion in the second direction, and a groove is disposed at an end of the dielectric layer in the second direction.

Abstract: A method performed by one or more processors includes: obtaining an original intensity map including original elements having respective signal intensities with respect to a road surface, the signal intensities based on sensing of a vision sensor arranged on a moving object that is moving on a road including the road surface, wherein each of the original elements has a respective local neighborhood of neighboring original elements; generating a local intensity map by determining local values respectively corresponding to the original elements of the original intensity map, wherein the local values are determined based on the original elements in the respectively corresponding local neighborhoods; generating a normalized intensity map by normalizing the original intensity map based on the local intensity map; and recognizing the road surface based on the normalized intensity map.

Abstract: A semiconductor device may include a first electrode and a second electrode on a substrate and arranged perpendicular to a surface of the substrate, a plurality of channel layers between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a gate electrode surrounding the plurality of channel layers. The plurality of channel layers may be inclined with respect to a direction from the first electrode to the second electrode. An electronic device may include the semiconductor device.

Abstract: A communication device includes a first antenna and a second antenna, a first front-end module configured to provide a transmission path associated with a first network or a first reception path associated with the first network, and a diplexer electrically configured to provide a second reception path associated with the first network and a first reception path associated with a second network, and processing circuitry configured to electrically connect the first front-end module to the first antenna in a first state, electrically connect the diplexer to the second antenna in the first state, electrically connect the first front-end module to the second antenna in a second state, and electrically disconnect the diplexer from the second antenna in the second state.

Abstract: A chemical mechanical polishing apparatus includes a polishing platen that includes an electromagnet and is rotatable; a lower polishing pad that is positioned on the polishing platen, the lower polishing pad including a first area and a second area, the first area including a first magnetic material and the second area including a non-magnetic material, wherein the first area overlaps the electromagnet; an upper polishing pad that is positioned on the lower polishing pad, includes a second magnetic material, and overlaps the first area; and a polishing head configured to provide a wafer on the upper polishing pad and is rotatable.

Abstract: A device includes: a processor configured to execute instructions in a memory, wherein, the instructions are configured to cause the processor to: select a first network group from among network groups, wherein the first network group is selected from among the network groups based on numbers of global links connecting the network groups, respectively; obtain a first list of network groups, among the network groups, that are not connected to the first network group; select a second network group and a third network group from among the network groups in the first list based on connections between the network groups in the first list; and based on the selecting of the first, second, and third network groups, form a topology including global links connecting the first network group, the second network group, and the third network group each to each other.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a first sub-pixel electrode, a conductive bank layer including a first opening overlapping the first sub-pixel electrode in a plan view, an insulating layer between a peripheral portion of the first sub-pixel electrode and the conductive bank layer, a first intermediate layer disposed on the first sub-pixel electrode in the first opening of the conductive bank layer, and a first counter electrode disposed on the first intermediate layer in the first opening of the conductive bank layer. The conductive bank layer comprises a first conductive layer, a second conductive layer on the first conductive layer, and a third conductive layer on the second conductive layer. The first counter electrode has a width greater than a width of the first intermediate layer. The first counter electrode is in direct contact with the conductive bank layer.

Abstract: A chip wet-transferring device includes a chamber, a support member provided in the chamber and configured to support a transfer substrate, the transfer substrate including a plurality of grooves and on which a plurality of micro-semiconductor chips are disposed, and a magnetic field generator configured to remove a first micro-semiconductor chip from among the plurality of micro-semiconductor chips that is disposed on the transfer substrate and at least partially outside of the plurality of grooves on the transfer substrate by generating a magnetic field that moves the first micro-semiconductor chip in a direction substantially parallel with an upper surface of the transfer substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating blood pressure may include: a photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor configured to measure a PPG signal from a user; and a processor configured to: extract a cardiovascular feature from the PPG signal; calculate a first variation in the extracted cardiovascular feature compared to a reference cardiovascular feature measured at a reference time; determine a measurement posture of the PPG signal based on a time interval between two waveform components of the PPG signal; in response to the measurement posture corresponding to the reference posture, estimate the blood pressure based on the first variation; and in response to the measurement posture not corresponding to the reference posture, obtain a second variation by correcting the first variation; and estimate blood pressure based on the second variation.

Abstract: Disclosed are semiconductor packages and their fabrication methods. The semiconductor package comprises a lower semiconductor chip on a first redistribution substrate and including a through via, a lower molding layer on the first redistribution substrate and surrounding the lower semiconductor chip, a lower post on the first redistribution substrate and laterally spaced apart from the lower semiconductor chip, an upper semiconductor chip on the lower semiconductor chip and coupled to the through via, an upper molding layer on the lower molding layer and surrounding the upper semiconductor chip, an upper post on the lower molding layer and laterally spaced apart from the upper semiconductor chip, and a second redistribution substrate on the upper molding layer and coupled to the upper post. A top surface of the lower molding layer is at a level higher than that of a top surface of the lower semiconductor chip.