Abstract: An OLED display includes a substrate on which OLEDs are formed, a TFE layer formed on the substrate so as to cover the OLEDs, and absorbers disposed at a distance from each other and preventing or inhibiting penetration of external foreign materials.

Abstract: A method of displaying a list is provided. The method includes receiving a user command to display a list of multimedia content, determining at least one multimedia content which matches a pre-stored keyword from among a plurality of multimedia content included in the list, in response to the user command, and displaying the list including the plurality of multimedia content based on the result of the determination, wherein the displayed list displays the pre-stored keyword as overlapping the least one multimedia content matching the pre-stored keyword from among the plurality of multimedia content.

Abstract: An apparatus for generating directional sound is provided. By using a time-variant beam pattern, the apparatus may generate constant direct waves in a listening area and may vary reflected waves followed by the direct waves according to time. The apparatus may convolute the time-variant beam pattern with a sound signal, may process an acoustic signal, which may be obtained through convolution, into a multi-channel signal, and may amplify and output the multi-channel signal.

Abstract: A small camera apparatus includes a base, a lens barrel, a lens driving assembly, and a first flexible printed circuit board. The lens barrel is disposed to be spaced apart from the image sensor in an optical axis direction and has at least one lens. The lens driving assembly has a supporting frame, a first moving frame supported on the supporting frame to be movable in the optical axis direction, and a second moving frame loaded with the lens barrel and supported on the first moving frame to be movable in directions perpendicular to the optical axis direction. The first flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) provides an electrical signal, for driving the second moving frame, to the first moving frame. At least a portion of the first FPCB is bent and is disposed between the base and the first moving frame. At least a portion of the bent portion is bonded to reduce a bending tension that occurs in a direction opposite to a bending direction when the first FPCB is bent.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of providing security information in a virtual environment that supports a plurality of operating systems. The plurality of operating systems include at least one secure operating system in which applications whose safety has been verified are installed, and at least one normal operating system in which applications whose safety has been not verified are freely installed. The server operating system may provide security information corresponding to an operating system in which an application executed as foreground is installed, to provide information indicating whether an application is operated in a secure operating system, to a user.

Abstract: A light guide panel includes: a light guide layer having a light incident surface; a polarization separation layer configured to select a desired polarization among light emitted from the light guide layer and to emit light having the polarization; and a light homogenization layer including a plurality of fibers and a supporting medium of the fibers, the light homogenization layer configured to diffuse and scatter light incident on the light guide layer into the light guide layer. The polarization separation layer includes: a plurality of first fibers having birefringence; and a first supporting medium that is isotropic and configured to support the first fibers. The refractive index of the first supporting medium corresponds to at least one of two different refractive indices of the first fibers. The light homogenization layer includes: a plurality of second fibers having birefringence; and a second supporting medium that is isotropic and configured to support the second fibers.

Abstract: A terminal and a method extend a storage space. The terminal includes a contents receiver, an interface, an external memory measure unit, a store determining unit, and a transmission controller. The contents receiver receives contents via a network. The interface accesses at least one external memory. The external memory measure unit measures at least one of a speed of the interface, an available capacity and a use history of the external memory accessed via the interface. The store determining unit determines whether to store the contents in the external memory based on a value measured by the external memory measure unit. The transmission controller controls to transmit the contents to the external memory via the interface when it is determined that the contents are stored in the external memory.

Abstract: Provided is an organic light-emitting device with a blue emission layer. The blue emission layer is an emission layer that emits blue light by a fluorescent emission mechanism.

Abstract: A multi view image display apparatus is disclosed. A multi view image processing apparatus includes a depth extractor which is configured to extract depth information of a three-dimensional (3D) input image, a depth corrector which is configured to correct a depth of an on screen display (OSD) region in the 3D input image based on the extracted depth information and OSD mask information which corresponds to the OSD region in the 3D input image, and a rendering device which is configured to render multi view images using the 3D input image with the corrected depth.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for measuring performance of an electronic device are provided. The apparatus includes an electromagnetic wave measuring device for measuring an actual level of an electromagnetic wave of an electronic device, and an analysis controller for applying a previously stored level change value to the actual level of the electromagnetic wave to compute a measured level of the electromagnetic wave. The method and the apparatus for measuring performance of an electronic device can easily measure an electromagnetic wave level of the electronic device without using a device suggested by an international standard.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method of restoring a remote user interface (RUI) in a Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) environment. In the apparatus and method, an RUI client requests an external storage server to store the state information of the RUI by using a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) object processing a HTTP request without reloading a web page, and restores the original state of the RUI by using the stored state information. Accordingly, it is possible to apply a method of storing and restoring state information of a remote user interface, in a UPnP environment, to a HTTP-based remote protocol model having stateless characteristics which do not allow state information of a remote user interface to be stored.

Abstract: A fractional-N phase locked loop is provided. The fractional-N phase locked loop includes a phase adjusting circuit detecting a phase difference between a reference clock signal and a feedback clock signal and outputting a plurality of phase clock signals in response to the detected phase difference, a phase selector selecting and outputting one of the plurality of phase clock signals output from the phase adjusting circuit in response to a phase selection signal, a control circuit generating the phase selection signal by using a sigma-delta modulator operation clock signal, which is generated by dividing the selected phase clock signal by each of N or more different integers (N is an integer more than or equal to 2), and a first divider generating the feedback clock signal by dividing the selected phase clock signal by an integer.

Abstract: Provided is a broadcasting receiving apparatus and a control method thereof capable of receiving recommendation information, the control method of a broadcasting receiving apparatus receiving recommendation information about a broadcasting program; comparing a time of confirming the recommendation information and a broadcasting time of a recommended program included in the recommendation information; and supplying a function of the broadcasting receiving apparatus for using the recommendation information to correspond to a comparison result. Accordingly, a broadcasting receiving apparatus and a control method thereof capable of supplying a broadcasting service having an improved user convenience is provided.

Abstract: A process for producing solid nanocomposite particles for lithium metal or lithium ion battery electrode applications is provided. In one preferred embodiment, the process comprises: (A) Preparing an electrode active material in a form of fine particles, rods, wires, fibers, or tubes with a dimension smaller than 1 ?m; (B) Preparing separated or isolated nano graphene platelets with a thickness less than 50 nm; (C) Dispersing the nano graphene platelets and the electrode active material in a precursor fluid medium to form a suspension wherein the fluid medium contains a precursor matrix material dispersed or dissolved therein; and (D) Converting the suspension to the solid nanocomposite particles, wherein the precursor matrix material is converted into a protective matrix material reinforced by the nano graphene platelets and the electrode active material is substantially dispersed in the protective matrix material.

Abstract: There is provided a method of repairing a probe board, the method including: preparing a plurality of first via electrodes filled with a first filling material in a board body formed as a ceramic sintered body; forming a via hole for an open via electrode among the plurality of first via electrodes; filling the via hole with a second filling material having a lower sintering temperature than that of the first filling material; and forming a second via electrode by sintering the second filling material. The open via repair according to the present invention improves the manufacturing yield of the board and reduces the manufacturing costs thereof.

Abstract: In semiconductor devices in which both NMOS devices and PMOS devices are used to perform in different modes such as analog and digital modes, stress engineering is selectively applied to particular devices depending on their required operational modes. That is, the appropriate mechanical stress, i.e., tensile or compressive, can be applied to and/or removed from devices, i.e., NMOS and/or PMOS devices, based not only on their conductivity type, i.e., n-type or p-type, but also on their intended operational application, for example, analog/digital, low-voltage/high-voltage, high-speed/low-speed, noise-sensitive/noise-insensitive, etc. The result is that performance of individual devices is optimized based on the mode in which they operate.

Abstract: A transparent display apparatus includes a display panel including a plurality of pixels arranged in rows and columns, a plurality of gate lines, a plurality of data lines including first and second data lines, a gate driver, and a data driver. Each of the pixels comprises sub-pixels arranged in a row direction, each gate line is operatively coupled to sub-pixels arranged in a corresponding row, and each first and second data line is operatively coupled to sub-pixels arranged in a corresponding column. The gate driver sequentially applies a gate signal to the pixels through the gate lines. The data driver applies sub-data signals to the sub-pixels through the first data lines, and applies down data signals to the sub-pixels through the second data lines. Each of the down data signals has a voltage level lower than a voltage level of a corresponding sub-data signal.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a resource utilization policy in a virtual environment are provided. The apparatus may increase network throughput by dynamically adjusting the resource utilization policies of a driver domain that can directly access a shared device, and a guest driver that cannot directly access the shared device. In addition, the apparatus may improve the efficiency of the use of CPU resources by appropriately adjusting the CPU occupancy rates of the driver and guest domains.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode display device is provided. The organic light emitting display device includes at least one capacitor, at least one transistor, and an organic light emitting element connected to the capacitor and the transistor. The transistor includes a first structure and a second structure disposed on the first structure with a first insulating layer therebetween. The capacitor includes a first electrode and a second electrode disposed on the first electrode with the insulating layer therebetween. A distance between the first electrode and the second electrode in at least a region, is less than a distance between the first structure and the second structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thin film transistor, a thin film transistor array panel, and a manufacturing method thereof. A thin film transistor according to an exemplary embodiments of the present invention includes: a gate electrode; a gate insulating layer positioned on or under the gate electrode; a channel region overlapping the gate electrode, the gate insulating layer interposed between the channel region and the gate electrode; and a source region and a drain region, facing each other with respect to the channel region, positioned in the same layer as the channel region, and connected to the channel region, wherein the channel region, the source region, and the drain region include an oxide semiconductor, and wherein a carrier concentration of the source region and the drain region is larger than a carrier concentration of the channel region.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a fin portion protruding from a substrate. The fin portion includes a base part, an intermediate part on the base part, and a channel part on the intermediate part. A width of the intermediate part is less than a width of the base part and greater than a width of the channel part. A gate electrode coves both sidewalls and a top surface of the channel part, and a device isolation pattern covers both sidewalls of the base part and both sidewalls of the intermediate part.

Abstract: An analog to digital converter includes a digital to analog converting circuit, a comparator and a signal processing circuit. The digital to analog converting circuit samples and holds an analog input signal, and converts digital output data to an analog signal to generate a hold voltage signal. The comparator compares the hold voltage signal with a reference voltage signal in response to a rising edge and a falling edge of a clock signal to generate a comparison output voltage signal. The signal processing circuit performs successive approximation based on the comparison output voltage signal to generate the digital output data.

Abstract: In a method of forming a semiconductor device, a feature layer is provided on a substrate and a mask layer is provided on the feature layer. A portion of the mask layer is removed in a first region of the semiconductor device where fine features of the feature layer are to be located, the mask layer remaining in a second region of the semiconductor device where broad features of the feature layer are to be located. A mold mask pattern is provided on the feature layer in the first region and on the mask layer in the second region. A spacer layer is provided on the mold mask pattern in the first region and in the second region. An etching process is performed to etch the spacer layer so that spacers remain at sidewalls of pattern features of the mold mask pattern, and to etch the mask layer in the second region to provide mask layer patterns in the second region.

Abstract: A method of synchronizing clocks between a central controlling unit and a radio frequency (RF) coil which are wirelessly connected to each other in a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, which includes receiving a first clock from the central controlling unit, synchronizing a second clock of the RF coil with a received first clock, and discontinuing the receiving of the first clock from the central controlling unit when the second clock is synchronized with the first clock.

Abstract: A clothing dryer and a control method thereof that adjusts a heater capacity based on a humidity change amount (a drying rate) in a second half of a drying period to reduce power consumption without increase of drying time. The clothing dryer includes a drum to receive clothing, first and second hot air heaters, having different capacities, to supply hot air into the drum, a humidity sensor to sense internal humidity of the drum, and a controller to calculate a humidity change amount in the drum, to compare the calculated humidity change amount with a predetermined change amount, and to control only one having the relatively small capacity selected from the first and second hot air heaters to be operated when the humidity change amount is greater than the predetermined change amount.

Abstract: A remote touch panel includes a plurality of light sensor cells arranged in two dimensions. Each light sensor cell may include a light-sensitive semiconductor layer and first and second electrodes electrically connected to the light-sensitive semiconductor layer. The remote touch panel may be controlled at a remote distance. For example, a large display apparatus can be easily controlled by using a simple light source device, for example, a laser pointer.

Abstract: A memory device includes a selection structure disposed on a common conductive region and including an array of spaced-apart vertical semiconductor pillars electrically coupled to the common conductive region, first horizontal selection lines extending in parallel above the common conductive region and including sidewall surfaces that face sidewalls of the vertical semiconductor pillars, second horizontal selection lines extending in parallel above and transverse to the first horizontal selection lines and including sidewall surfaces that face sidewall surfaces of the vertical semiconductor pillars and at least one dielectric pattern interposed between the first horizontal selection lines and the vertical semiconductor pillars and between the second horizontal selection lines and the vertical semiconductor pillars. The memory device further includes a memory cell array disposed on the selection structure and comprising memory cells electrically coupled to the vertical semiconductor pillars.

Abstract: There is provided a lens module, including: a first lens having positive refractive power, an object-sided surface thereof being convex; a second lens having negative refractive power, an image-sided surface thereof being concave; a third lens having positive refractive power; a fourth lens having negative refractive power, an image-sided surface thereof being convex; and a fifth lens having negative refractive power, an image-sided surface thereof being concave, wherein the fourth lens satisfies Conditional Expression 1, f ? ? 4 f < - 3.0 [ Conditional ? ? Expression ? ? 1 ] where f is an overall focal distance of an optical system and f4 is a focal distance of the fourth lens.

Abstract: An active material for a rechargeable lithium battery and a rechargeable battery, the active material including an active material core; and a thin film graphite layer on the core.

Abstract: A battery case for a secondary battery and a secondary battery using the same. The secondary battery includes an electrode assembly and the battery case. The electrode assembly is composed of a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate and a separator interposed therebetween. The battery case is provided with an accommodating portion that accommodates the electrode assembly. In the secondary battery, the depth of the accommodating portion is approximately 70% to approximately 80% of the thickness of the electrode assembly.

Abstract: A nonvolatile memory device and a method of forming the same, the device including a semiconductor substrate; a plurality of gate patterns stacked on the semiconductor substrate; inter-gate dielectric patterns between the gate patterns; active pillars sequentially penetrating the gate patterns and the inter-gate dielectric patterns to contact the semiconductor substrate; and a gate insulating layer between the active pillars and the gate patterns, wherein corners of the gate patterns adjacent to the active pillars are rounded.

Abstract: A method of determining area size of sub pixels in a multi primary display for maximizing white point luminance level is provided herein. The method includes the following stages: obtaining optical properties of a backlight module and of multi primary filters for a multi primary display; obtaining a white point chromaticity for the sub-pixel layout; obtaining, for each one of the primaries intensity ratio between the color primary and the white point; representing a luminance level of the multi primary display based on obtained data, at the required white point chromaticity, as a set of equations in terms of a relative area size of the sub-pixels of the multi primary display; solving the set of equations, to yield ratios of area sizes of the sub-pixels that result in a specified value of luminance at the white point chromaticity.

Abstract: The present inventive concept provides semiconductor devices that may include a capacitor including a lower electrode, a dielectric layer, and an upper electrode which are sequentially stacked. An electrode-protecting layer may be provided on the capacitor. The upper electrode may include a conductive metal oxide and the electrode-protecting layer may include a sacrificial reaction layer including a metal-hydrogen compound.

Abstract: A portable terminal is configured to support a handoff between heterogeneous networks. The portable terminal includes a first communication unit, a second communication, a coverage identifying unit, and a switching unit. The first communication unit communicates with a mobile communication network. The second communication unit communicates with a heterogeneous network. The coverage identifying unit identifies entry of the portable terminal into a heterogeneous network area while performing a call connection through the mobile communication network. The switching unit attempts call connection through the heterogeneous network while maintaining the call connection through the mobile communication network when the entry of the portable terminal into the heterogeneous network area is identified.

Abstract: An operating method for a memory system provides a ready/busy signal from a nonvolatile memory device indicating an idle state or a busy state to a controller. The controller generates a next command but transfers the next command to the nonvolatile memory device in response to the ready/busy signal and the idle verse busy state of a target plane among multiple planes of the nonvolatile memory device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for changing a communication network for video communication, the method including performing, by a User Equipment (UE), video communication through a mobile communication network; searching for whether there is a WLAN currently accessible by the UE at every predetermined interval; displaying the accessible WLAN if one is found; and when the displayed WLAN is selected by a user, changing a communication network for the video communication to perform the video communication through the selected WLAN.

Abstract: A three-dimensional nonvolatile memory device comprises a plurality of cell strings arranged perpendicular to a substrate. The nonvolatile memory device is programmed by identifying a selected word line and a plurality of unselected word lines connected to at least one of the cell stings, and sequentially applying a negative voltage and a pass voltage to the selected and unselected word lines, and then applying a program voltage to the selected word line while continuing to apply the pass voltage to the unselected word lines.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel includes: a substrate; a gate line and a storage electrode that are disposed on the substrate; a data line that crosses the gate line and storage electrode line; a thin film transistor that is connected with the gate line and data line; and a pixel electrode that is connected to the thin film transistor. The storage electrode includes a first storage electrode that is parallel to the gate line, second storage electrodes that extend on opposing sides of the data line from the first storage electrode, a connection part that crosses the data line and connects pairs of the second storage electrodes, and a connection bridge that crosses the gate line and connects a second storage electrode to a second storage electrode of an adjacent pixel.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting display including a conductive-organic small molecular filling material and methods of manufacturing the same are disclosed. The organic light-emitting display includes a substrate, a display unit disposed on the substrate, a sealing substrate disposed above the display unit, a sealing member that attaches the substrate to the sealing substrate and disposed outside the display unit; and a filling material filling a space between the substrate and the sealing substrate inwards from the sealing member, wherein the filling material is a conductive-organic small molecule.

Abstract: A method of operating a nonvolatile memory device by programming pages using a N-bit programming mode until a threshold voltage distribution shift for an un-programmed page in the same memory block is determined, and thereafter programming the un-programmed page using a M-bit programming mode, where M is less than N.

Abstract: For use in a wireless communication network, a mobile station configured to determine a preamble sequence from a set of indexed preamble sequences by generating an index of the preamble sequence from a B-bit message is provided. The mobile station is configured to group the B bits of the message into n groups, each group having a substantially equal number of bits. The mobile station is also configured to generate a parity bit from each of the n groups. The mobile station is further configured to determine the index of the preamble sequence based on the n parity bits. The mobile station is still further configured to transmit the preamble sequence corresponding to the index of the preamble sequence. A base station configured to recover the B-bit message using the received signal from the mobile station is also provided.